Thermal analysis applied to the characterization of degradation in soil of polylactide: I. Calorimetric and viscoelastic analyses

An accelerated soil burial test has been performed on a commercial polylactide (PLA) for simulating non-controlled disposal. Degradation in soil promotes physical and chemical changes in polylactide properties, which can be characterized by Thermal Analysis techniques. Physical changes occurred in polylactide due to the degradation in soil were evaluated by correlating their calorimetric and viscoelastic properties. It is highly remarkable that each calorimetric scan offers specific and enlightening information. Degradation in soil affects the polylactide chains reorganization. A multimodal melting behavior is observed for buried PLA, degradation in soil also promotes the enlarging the lamellar thickness distribution of the population with bigger average size. Morphological changes due to degradation in soil lead to an increase in the free volume of the polylactide chains in the amorphous phase that highly affected the bulk properties. Thermal Analysis techniques provide reliable indicators of the degradation stage of polylactide induced by degradation in soil, as corroborated by molecular weight analysis.     

强非线性广义 Boussinesq 方程孤波解的波形分析及求解

上海理工大学理学院\quad 上海 200093该文建立了强非线性广义 Boussinesq 方程的耗散项、波速、渐进值与波形函数的导数之间的关系.利用适当变换和待定假设方法,作者求出了上述广义 Boussinesq 方程的扭状或钟状孤波解,还求出了以前文献中未曾提到过的余弦函数的周期波解.进一步给出了波速对波形影响的结论,即:``好'广义 Boussinesq 方程的行波当波速由小变大时,波形由钟状孤波变成余弦函数周期波解;``坏'广义 Boussinesq 方程的行波当波速由小变大时,波形由余弦函数周期波解变成钟状孤波.     

木薯淀粉改性絮凝剂的光谱研究

采用氧化还原引发体系引发木薯淀粉与丙烯酰胺接枝共聚制备出天然木薯淀粉改性絮凝剂,用紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、红外光谱(FTIR)和拉曼光谱(RS)详细对比研究了木薯淀粉、丙烯酰胺和接枝共聚物三者的光谱特征,并据此讨论了接枝共聚机理.     

概率神经网络及FAAS在植物药分类研究中的应用

用火焰原子吸收法（FAAS）测定了植物药中Fe、Mg、Mn、Cu、Zn和Ca元素的含量,采用主成分分析法对所测数据进行预处理,结合概率神经网络模型对中药功效类别进行识别预测研究,取得了较满意的结果。     

仪器分析理论课程教学实践与探索

仪器分析是一门实践性较强的专业基础课,其原理抽象、理论性强、内容广泛。在分析了仪器分析课程特点及实践教学中出现的问题的基础上,对该课程的教学模式及观念提出了改革措施,以激发学生学习兴趣,提高课堂教学效率,培养学生创新及实践能力。     

不同产地几种中药材中重金属含量测定及砷的形态分析

通过对不同产地几种中药材中砷、铅、镉、铜以及无机砷、三价砷含量的分析测定,得出样品中砷、铅、镉、铜以及无机砷、无机三价砷的测定RSD〈3%,加标回收率在91.32%—109.7%之间。11个样品的总砷含量在0.047—1.681μg/g之间,均低于2μg/g;无机砷含量为0.023—1.294μg/g;无机三价砷含量为0.019—0.918μg/g;铅含量两份样品未检出,其余样品为0.007—0.786μg/g,均低于5μg/g;镉的测定,两份样品未检出,其余样品含量为0.007—2.129μg/g,其中两份样品大于0.3μg/g;铜含量为4.441—14.07μg/g,均低于20μg/g。研究发现同种药材不同产地的重金属含量差异较大,部分产地金银花中镉含量超标严重,无机砷和三价砷含量相对较高,需引起重视。     

酶荧光毛细分析法测定血清中微量丙酮酸

提出了一种用于血清微量丙酮酸（PA）测定的酶荧光毛细分析法（P-LE-FCA）。优选的测定条件为：乳酸脱氢酶和还原型辅酶Ⅰ的浓度分别为100U/L和60μmol/L,反应时间5min。测定PA的线性范围4—80μmol/L,检出限0.73μmol/L,RSD〈1.3%。血清共存物质对PA测定无明显干扰。使用该方法对血清PA进行测定,其回收率在93.0%—106.5%之间;结果与常规紫外分光光度法一致。本方法的样品预处理过程简单、省时,省试剂,灵敏度高,重现性好。     

污泥中重金属的形态分析及其可浸出性

以自来水厂和污水处理厂的污泥为研究对象,采用Tessier五步法和火焰原子吸收光谱法研究污泥中重金属（Zn、Cu、Cd、Ni、Mn）含量、形态分布以及可浸出性。结果发现,在自来水厂污泥和污水处理厂污泥中重金属总量大小依次为Zn〉Mn〉Ni〉Cu〉Cd,Zn〉Mn〉Cu〉Ni〉Cd,污泥中Zn含量最高,为448.17mg.kg-1;Cd含量最低,为27.17mg.kg-1,超过国家标准,限制了污泥的农用。Tessier形态分析结果表明,污泥中Zn、Cu、Cd主要以稳定态存在;Mn主要以有效态存在,潜在的迁移性和植物毒性最值得关注;Cu浸出率最高,为14.8%,Zn浸出率最低,为0.11%,因此浸出率不仅与金属和污泥的特性有关,而且金属在污泥中赋存的化学形态对其可浸出性也有重要的影响。     

基于二极管阵列检测器的色谱峰纯度的快速直观鉴定

基于二极管阵列检测器（DAD）得到的色谱-光谱图,通过去噪、归一化、计算欧氏距离,聚类分析等方法,建立了一种快速直观的评价色谱峰纯度的有效方法：可直观的判断色谱峰的纯度,并判断存在干扰峰的位置,为色谱工作者评价色谱峰,进行下一步工作提供了依据。     

On the expected longest length probe sequence for hashing with separate chaining

Hashing is a widely used technique for data organization. Hash tables enable a fast search of the stored data and are used in a variety of applications ranging from software to network equipment and computer hardware. One of the main issues associated with hashing are collisions that cause an increase in the search time. A number of alternatives have been proposed to deal with collisions. One of them is separate chaining, in which for each hash value an independent list of the elements that have that value is stored. In this scenario, the worst case search time is given by the maximum length of that list across all hash values. This worst case is often referred to as Longest Length Probe Sequence (llps) in the literature. Approximations for the expected longest length probe sequence when the hash table is large have been proposed and an exact analytical solution has also been presented in terms of a set of recurring equations. In this paper, a novel analytical formulation of the expected longest length probe sequence is introduced. The new formulation does not require a recursive computation and can be easily implemented in a symbolic computation tool.