Search for exotic baryons at HERMES

An experimental search for the Θ(1540)- and Λ(1520)-resonance was performed in quasi-real photoproduction on deuterium at the HERMES experiment. While evidence for Θ(1540) was found in the decay channel pK ⁰ _S→pπ ⁺ π ^-, no evidence for the corresponding anti-particle was found. In some models it is expected that the Θ(1540) and the Λ(1520) have similar production mechanisms. The photoproduction cross-sections for the Λ(1520) in the decay channel Λ(1520)→pK ^- and the corresponding anti-particle are determined. The partial photoproduction cross-sections for Λ(1520) and ˉ(1520) are obtained as σ _Λ(1520) = 65.3±8.8(stat)±6.9(syst)nb and σ _ˉ(1520) = 9.8±2.6(stat)±0.9(syst)nb, corresponding to a ratio R _Λ(1520) = σ _ˉ(1520)/σ _Λ(1520) = 0.15±0.05(stat)±0.02(syst).     

Open-channel fluorescence imaging of atoms in high-gradient magnetic fields

A method of imaging distributions of cold atoms under the presence of large trapping-field-induced level shifts is investigated. By utilizing a probe laser tuned to an open transition, the fluorescence yield per atom is largely fixed throughout the trap volume, independent of the trapping field. This enables a reliable conversion of fluorescence images into atomic-density profiles. The method is applied to measure distributions of ⁸⁷Rb atoms in a high-gradient (2.7 kG/cm) magnetic atom guide. We characterize the parameters for which the open-channel imaging method performs best. Results of quantum Monte Carlo simulations verify the underlying assumptions of the method.     

原子尺度上的异质催化

现实中的催化剂是个相当复杂的系统体系，且为粉末状，限制了多种表面科学表征手段的应用,科学家通过建立简化的催化剂模型，充分利用目前多种有力的科技分析手段，如扫描隧道显微镜（STM）、透射电镜（TEM）、光电子能谱（XPS）、傅里叶变换红外吸收谱（FTIR）、电子能量损失谱（EELS）等，直观地在原子尺度上研究催化反应的机理，从而使得人们能够设计出选择性能更高、催化性能更好的催化剂．     

基于扫描隧道显微镜的原子电子云结构

本文简要介绍了扫描隧道显微镜的基本工作原理，展示了一些扫描样品（石墨和铜）的电子云图，在简要介绍量子力学关于原子电子云结构基本理论的基础上，通过理论上的电子云结构与扫描结果的比较，在一定程度上验证了量子力学关于原子电子云结构理论的正确性．     

对Reissner-Nordstrm-anti-de Sitter黑洞Hawking隧穿辐射的研究

在考虑粒子间的自引力相互作用后,首先采用Parikh-Wilczek的半经典隧穿方法对带电粒子与不带电粒子在Reissner-Nordstrm-anti-de Sitter黑洞视界处的隧穿辐射特征进行了研究.其次,推广复路径方法对该黑洞的辐射谱进行研究.两种方法所得的结果都支持Parikh-Wilczek的观点,即黑洞的隧穿率Bekenstein-Hawking熵变有关,真实的辐射谱不是纯热谱.     

The role of nucleation field of media in heat-assisted magnetic probe recording

We characterize a method of heat-assisted magnetic probe recording on perpendicular media. Heating source is field emission current from a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip. Recording media are three kinds of magnetic films, Co/Pt, CoNi/Pt, and Co/Pd multilayers with different nucleation fields. Pulses with amplitude of 5 V were applied between the STM tip and the recording medium. Experiments show that magnetic marks with an average size of 180 nm were formed on both Co/Pt and CoNi/Pt films whose nucleation fields are greater than their saturation magnetization. No marks were observed on the Co/Pd film whose nucleation field is smaller than its saturation magnetization. A model is built to simulate the dynamic process of domain formation in probe-based magnetic recording system. Simulation results agree with experiments and it explains the effect of the nucleation field of medium in perpendicular recording.     

Ultimate parameters of the photon collider at the international linear collider

At linear colliders, the e ⁺ e ⁻ luminosity is limited by beam-collision effects, which determine the required emittances of beams in damping rings (DRs). In γγ collisions at the photon collider, these effects are absent, and so smaller emittances are desirable. In the present damping ring designs, nominal DR parameters correspond to those required for e ⁺ e ⁻ collisions. In this note, I would like to stress once again that as soon as we plan the photon collider mode of ILC operation, the damping ring emittances are dictated by the photon collider requirements — namely, they should be as small as possible. This can be achieved by adding more wigglers to the DRs; the incremental cost is easily justified by a considerable potential improvement of the γγ luminosity. No expert analysis exists as of now, but it seems realistic to obtain a factor five increase of the γγ luminosity compared to the ‘nominal’ DR design.      

Silver oligomer and single fullerene electronic properties revealed by a scanning tunnelling microscope

Clusters on surfaces have been investigated with low-temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy. Constant current spectra acquired on Ag oligomers and one-dimensional chains on a Ag(111) reveal a single resonance peak whose energy shifts towards the Fermi level with increasing cluster size. Next, controlled and reproducible contact between a STM tip and a C₆₀ molecule adsorbed on Cu(100) is reported. The transition from tunnelling to contact is discussed in terms of local heating of the tip-molecule junction.     

The second Born approximation in electron-helium scattering in a Nd-YAG laser field

The dynamics of laser-assisted elastic collisions in helium is studied using the second-order Born approximation. Detailed calculations of the scattering amplitudes are performed by using the Sturmian basis expansion. Differential cross sections for elastic scattering with the net absorption/emission of up to two photons are calculated for collision energies of 5 eV, 10 eV, and 20 eV. We discuss the influence of the low-energy electrons on the differential cross section (DCS) as a function of the scattering angle for selected choices of the laser frequency and the number of photons exchanged between the external field and electron-helium system.     

The Tunneling Radiation Characteristics of Kerr-Newman de Sitter Black Hole

The strictly thermal spectrum in dragging coordinate system and the tunneling radiation characteristics of stationary axisymmetry Kerr-Newman de Sitter black hole is studied. The result shows that the tunneling rates at the event and cosmological horizon are related to the change of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy and that the factual radiation spectrum is not strictly pure thermal. Thus an exact correction to the Hawking thermal spectrum is present.