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871.
The plasmon-mediated lasing with orders of magnitude amplification is available for a double-fishnet structure, however, it gradually disappears for multilayered fishnet stacks because of the layer-to-layer plasmon hybridization, while instead a broadened incoherent transmission with full loss compensation can always be obtained regardless of the stacking layers.  相似文献   
872.
介绍了弹射试验中的非接触式高速测量电路系统的核心部分一速度信号测量电子线路的设计。该电路的原理是通过触发移位寄存器使其输出一组编码,根据接收器所接收到的编码来判断滑行的距离,由计算机所记录的时间就可以计算出此处的速度。  相似文献   
873.
Effects of polymer additives on the formation of microfibrils of bacterial cellulose have been examined by transmission electron microscopy. Among additives with different degrees of polymerization (DP) or substitution (DS), carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt (CMC) with DP = 80 and DS = 0.57 is the most effective in producing separate, smaller-size microfibrils. By increasing the concentration of this CMC from 0.1 to 1.5%, the percentage of microfibrils measuring 3–7 nm wide is increased and levels off at around 1.0%. Other polymer additives such as xyloglucan are less effective than CMC in producing microfibrils with smaller sizes and the resulting microfibrils still tend to aggregate. The number of charged substituents and the molecular weight seem to be important factors in the production of highly separate smaller-size microfibrils. The reduction in average microfibril size is well correlated to the decrease in mass fraction of cellulose I in bacterial cellulose crystals. On the basis of these results, the mechanism of the crystallization of celluloses I and I is discussed. The effect of colony types, smooth and rough, on the formation of microfibrils in the presence of CMC is also described.  相似文献   
874.

Crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan polymer blends have been prepared by using gamma irradiation. Chitosan was used in the blends to prevent microbiological growth, such as bacteria and fungi on the polymer. The physical properties of the blend, such as gelation, water absorption, and mechanical properties were examined to evaluate the possibility of its application for wound dressing. A mixture of PVA/chitosan, with different ratios, were exposed to gamma irradiation doses of 20, 30, 50 KGy, to evaluate the effect of irradiation dose on the physical properties of the blend. It was found that the gel fraction increases with increasing irradiation dose and PVA concentration in the blend. Swelling percent increased as the composition of chitosan increased in the blend. The PVA/chitosan blend has a water content in the range between 40% and 60% and water absorption between 60% and 100%. The water vapor transmission rate value (WVRT) of the PVA/chitosan blend varies between 50% and 70%. The examination of the microbe penetration shows that the prepared blend can be considered as a good barrier against microbes. Thus, the PVA/chitosan blend showed satisfactory properties for use as a wound dressing.  相似文献   
875.
采用高温固相法分别合成了Sb3+,Bi3+,Zr4+,Si4+共掺杂的YAG∶Ce黄色荧光粉。研究了YAG∶Ce黄色荧光粉的发光强度随元素种类以及微量掺杂浓度的变化情况及相关机理。结果显示,随着元素Sb3+,Bi3+,Zr4+,Si4+掺杂浓度的增加,发射峰强度均表现出先增大后减小的趋势。Sb3+,Bi3+与Ce3+之间存在多极子相互作用和辐射再吸收的能量传递及晶格修复作用,当Sb3+,Bi3+掺杂浓度分别为0.5和0.1 mmol时发射峰强度达到最大值,分别提高了35.5%和44.8%。在YAG∶Ce中由于Zr4+,Si4+的电荷补偿作用,促进Ce4+→Ce3+的转化,从而提高了YAG∶Ce的发光强度。Zr4+,Si4+掺杂浓度分别在0.3和7 mmol时达到最大值,分别提高了27.4%和31.2%。由荧光粉颗粒形貌可知,Sb3+,Bi3+,Zr4+,Si4+元素的微量掺杂能促使晶粒长大,并且近似球型,导致发光强度有明显的提高。  相似文献   
876.
877.
Abstract

The pronounced mechanical property of pearlitic steels highly correlates with the ferrite (bcc-Fe)/cementite (Fe3C) boundaries inside. Unraveling the interface structure at an atomic level is essential for interpreting the material’s property. In the present study, using aberration-corrected scanning/transmission electron microscopy combined with density functional theory calculations, we reveal the atomic configuration as well as the electronic structure of the Fe/Fe3C interfaces with the Isaichev orientation in pearlite. The interface with terminating layer Fe–C–Fe in cementite has the lowest energy due to the formation of interfacial Fe–C bonds. Terrace steps which are frequently observed at the interfaces would not break the lattice match between the two phases.  相似文献   
878.
Free radical saturation at high doses has been confirmed for the γ-radiolysis of some amino acids and dipeptides. Spectral changes have been observed for the electron spin resonance signals from irradiated polycrystalline glycylglycine at high doses. The mechanisms proposed to explain the saturation phenomenon have been examined and found to be incomplete. A new model has been tentatively proposed to explain both the saturation and the spectral changes.  相似文献   
879.
The internal structure and failure of crazes in linear and long-chain branched poly(styrene) (PS) were investigated by means of in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that long-chain branched PS presents more finely fibrillated up to homogeneous crazes at room temperature instead of the typical fibrillated ones for linear PS. The failure of homogeneous crazes in long-chain branched PS indicates a more ductile behavior than the fibrillated ones. The microhardness of these materials was measured, and it was seen that the hardness value increased with increasing amount of long branches in the PS. In addition, the rate of creep under the indenter (creep constant) for these materials was investigated. The lowest value for the creep constant corresponded to the PS sample with the largest amount of long branches.

  相似文献   
880.
The kinetics of the propagation reaction in the polymerization of isoprene initiated by n-, sec-, or t-butyllithium, in the absence or in the presence of the three corresponding lithium butoxides, are studied in the two possible major cases. In the first case, the propagation takes place without simultaneous initiation; the reaction is then first-order versus the monomer concentration and one-sixth-order versus the polyisoprenyllithium concentration. The lithium butoxides decrease the propagation rate, but the effect is not very dependent on the nature of the butoxide. In the second case, the presence of the initiator decreases the propagation rate in a manner which depends on the concentrations of the reactants and on the nature of the initiator. The effect of the lithium butoxide is not simply additive. Depending on the relative concentrations, a synergistic effect may be observed. It is suggested that the active species are chiefly ion pairs of unassociated polyisoprenyllithium. Ion pairs from associated molecules may have limited activity.  相似文献   
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