大气相干长度的昼夜观测

 介绍了利用差分像运动测量法测量光波到达角起伏方差来确定大气相干长度的方法，阐述了一种能对大气相干长度进行昼夜测量的日夜两用型大气相干长度仪的测量原理与结构,经过长期昼夜观测分析得知: 整层大气湍流强度有随时间变化的趋势，这种趋势与近地面层的湍流强度的时间变化特征基本吻合，即在日出后和日没前两段时间内的相干长度值远大于其它时间段内的值。     

MOVPE生长的InGaN/GaN单量子阱的光致发光和光吸收特性

研究了用金属有机物气相外延(MOVPE)法在蓝宝石衬底上生长的In组分浓度保持不变的InGaN/GaN单量子阱结构在室温下的发光特性和光吸收特性.实验结果表明,在InGaN厚度<3nm时,随着样品InGaN势阱层宽度的增加(1nm),光致发光(PL)谱的发光峰值波长出现明显的红移33nm现象,而且发光强度下降8%,谱线半峰全宽(FWHM)展宽,通过对样品的透射、反射光谱研究发现,量子阱层窄(1.5nm)的样品在波长接近红外区时出现无吸收的现象,即R+T达到了100%,而在阱层较宽的样品中没有发现这一现象,对引起这些现象的原因进行了讨论.这些结果有助于开发和优化三族氮化物半导体光电器件的进一步研究工作.     

微波等离子体化学气相沉积合成掺氮金刚石薄膜的缺陷和结构特征及其生长行为

Diamond film was deposited in CH₄ and H₂ gas mixture with a small amount of N₂ by microwave plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD). Scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy were applied to characterize the film. The results showed that the growth of grains are different the central region and the edge. In the central region, diamond grains nucleated with a density as high as 4.8×10⁸ cm^-2 and were preferential in 〈001〉 orientation. The inner grains formed an area without stacking faults,which was surrounded by a rim with a high density of stacking faults. A growth model was suggested to interpret the morphological feature and the behavior of preferential growth. At the edge, the grains were identified to be 6H polytypes of diamond and a new twin relationship of grains was found. Besides, the effect of the N dopant on the growth behavior of the diamond film deposited by MPCVD was discussed in connection with the growth rate of the film. 关键词： 金刚石 结构表征 透射电子显微镜 多型金刚石     

光纤光栅法布里-珀罗腔的V-I传输矩阵法研究

快速有效地获得多级联光纤光栅法布里-珀罗(F-P)腔的光谱特性,是优化设计基于上述结构建立的级联多波长激光器、放大器等各种光器件以及复杂分布式传感网络的重要基础和保障.将V-I传输矩阵法用于光纤光栅F-P腔反射光谱特性的分析,并建立了V-I传输矩阵模型.采用该模型对三种不同结构的光纤光栅F-P腔在不同参数下的光谱特性进行分析,并与传统多层膜法的分析结果相比较,表明V-I传输矩阵法能够在保证分析精度的前提下大大节省运算时间.实验结果表明,V-I传输矩阵法对光纤光栅F-P腔谱特性的分析结果比耦合模法更准确.     

亮孤子在宇称时间对称波导中的传输和控制

基于光波在宇称-时间(PT)对称波导中传输的理论模型, 数值研究了亮孤子在呈高斯分布的PT对称克尔非线性平板波导中的传输和控制. PT对称波导, 要求波导的折射率分布呈偶对称, 而增益/损耗分布呈奇对称. 结果表明: 当波导的折射率分布强度为正时, PT对称波导的中心折射率最大, 即使没有自聚焦克尔非线性效应, PT对称波导也可以束缚光波, 形成波浪形光束且长距离传输; 当折射率分布强度为负时, PT对称波导的中心折射率最小, 光波的传输方向发生偏移. 而增益/损耗分布可控制光波的偏移方向: 增益/损耗分布强度为正, 光波向左偏移; 强度为负, 光波向右偏移; 强度为零时, 光波被分为两束. 且当折射率分布强度为负时, 可以很好地抑制相邻亮孤子间的相互作用. 该研究结果可为未来PT对称波导在全光控制方面的应用提供一定的理论依据.     

用声透射损失测气一水混相介质中的含气量

本文利用超声检测中的穿透法,用频率为０．５ＭＨｚ、１ＭＨｚ、１．２５ＭＨｚ、２ＭＨｚ、２．５ＭＨｚ的声波,测量了气－水混相介质听声速比值和声透射损失,结果表明,在气泡大小,分布一定的情况下,可能用声透射损失来确定混相介质中的含量量,但不宜用声速比值。     

γ-LiAlO2上非极性ZnO薄膜制备及其光谱性质研究

利用激光脉冲沉积(PLD)技术在(302)γ-LiAlO₂衬底上成功生长了非极性的a面(1120) ZnO薄膜. 衬底温度为350℃时，薄膜是混合取向(a向和c向)，以c面ZnO为主，且晶粒尺寸分布很宽；提高温度达500℃，薄膜变为单一的(1120)取向，摇摆曲线半高宽0.65°，晶粒尺寸分布趋窄，利用偏振透射谱可以明显看出其面内的各向异性. 衬底温度650℃下制备的样品晶粒继续长大，虽然摇摆曲线半高宽变大，但光致发光谱(PL)带边发射峰半高宽仅为105meV，比在350℃，500℃下制备的样品小1/5. 关键词： 非极性ZnO 2')" href="#">γ-LiAlO₂ PLD 透射谱     

量化方法研究分子结BEMP和TEMP的电子输运特性

通过结合杂化密度泛函和前线轨道理论与弹性散射格林函数方法研究了BE- MP(benzene-1,4-di-ethynyl-4-mercaptophenyl)和TEMP(thiophene-2,5-di-ethynyl-4- mercaptophenyl)两分子结的输运性质。基于杂化密度泛函方法计算两扩展分子电子结构的基础上,计算了两分子的输运性质．计算结果显示:电流增加来源于电极和分子轨道的共振;电导曲线呈现出平台特征．在此基础上从扩展分子A(Au-BEMP-Au)中间的苯环的旋转而引起电流减小的角度解释了负微分电阻现象．     

Structural Transitions of Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System of Glibenclamide,Carvedilol, and Lovastatin upon Progressive Aqueous Dilution

The dynamics of morphological transition in amphiphillic systems such as self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) has become an increasingly active field of research in colloidal science. The present contribution deals with the morphological transition of selected optimized SNEDDS formulations of glibenclamide, carvedilol, and lovastatin on progressive aqueous dilution using transmission electron microscopy. The study emphasizes the structural aspects of the systems and stresses the effect of aqueous dilution under which the systems transform from water-in-oil (L₂) phase into bicontinuous structure and, finally, in oil-in-water (L₁) nanodroplets.     

Characterization of chromate conversion coating on AA7075‐T6 aluminum alloy

Chromate conversion coatings (CCCs) on AA7075‐T6 were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, focused ion beam sectioning and scanning transmission electron microscopy with nano‐electron dispersive spectroscopy line profiling. The thickness and composition of the CCC was different at different locations on the heterogeneous microstructure of AA7075‐T6. The coating formed on the matrix phase was much thicker than that formed on the coarse Al–Cu–Mg, Al–Fe–Cu and Mg–Si intermetallic particles. Nano‐electron dispersive spectroscopy line profiling indicated that the coating on the Al–Fe–Cu particles was similar to the CCC formed on the phase matrix, primarily a chromium oxide. However, the coatings on the Al–Cu–Mg and Mg–Si particles were mixed Al/Mg/Cr oxide and Mg oxide, respectively. The growth of CCC followed a linear‐logarithmic kinetic rate law. The observations of this study support the sol‐gel model of CCC formation. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.