纳米氧化锆的物相与尺寸效应

用溶胶凝胶法制得ＺｒＯ２粉体。通过控制晶体尺寸得到了室温下稳定的立方相、四方相和单斜相。用Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）、透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）、激光拉曼谱（ＬＲＳ）、电子顺磁共振（ＥＳＲ）等技术研究了晶体结构和晶粒尺寸的相互关系。试验表明：单斜相、四方相、立方相ＺｒＯ２的比表面能依次递减。因而，当晶粒尺寸减小至纳米级时，四方相和立方相都可变为室温下的稳态或亚稳态。     

Solid-liquid equilibrium diagrams of common ion binary salt hydrate mixtures involving nitrates and chlorides of magnesium, cobalt, nickel, manganese, and iron(III)

The solid-liquid equilibrium diagrams of binary mixtures involving magnesium nitrate hexahydrate with cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, nickel nitrate hexahydrate (partly), manganese nitrate tetrahydrate, and iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate and of magnesium chloride hexahydrate with cobalt and nickel chlorides hexahydrates and manganese chloride tetrahydrate, and the of two manganese salts were determined. Those diagrams that showed a simple eutectic were fitted by the Ott equation and where the required BET parameters were available, the magnesium salt rich parts of the liquidus were modeled by means of this method.     

智能性水凝胶

“智能”材料具有传感、处理和执行功能，水凝胶作为智能材料其应用前景良好。本文综述了智能水凝胶的近期研究发展，以Ｆｌｏｒｙ的溶胀理论着重探讨了刺激响应性，并介绍了化学机械现象及凝胶相转变。     

Phase Transition and Crystal Structure of the Monomeric Europium(II) Thiolate Eu(SC36H49)2

Single crystal X‐ray diffraction of Eu(SC₃₆H₄₉)₂ has revealed a first order phase transition at a temperature of 119 K, that involves a reduction of the specific volume by 1 %. The transition corresponds to a doubling of the unit cell, as it is the result from reorientations of isopropyl groups that appear at peripheral sites of the organic ligands. It is argued that a denser packing is achieved at the expense of a less favourable conformation of one of the two crystallographically‐independent complexes in the low‐temperature phase. The Bond‐Valence method is used to show that interactions of equal strengths are present between europium and both sulphur atoms and both coordinating phenyl rings.     

Cr（Ⅲ）—5—Br—PADAP—Triton X—100析相光度法测定微量铬的研究

研究Cr(Ⅲ)-5-Br-PADAP-Triton X-100析相显色体系,建立测定微量铬的析相光度法。在pH 4.5乙酸-乙酸钠介质中,Cr(Ⅲ)、5-Br-PADAP、Triton X-100加热形成的配合物,于95℃恒温浴中析相1h,即被Triton X-100相完全富集,最大吸收峰为593nm,铬含量在0～10μg/5ml服从比耳定律,以硫脲、锰-EDTA、柠檬酸钠、氟化钾为掩蔽剂,测定水样中微量铬,获得满意结果。     

测定晶体结构的系统试差法的研究(II)系统位相超解方程得改进

本文证明了|E(k)E(h-k)|的大小是由结构决定的。与原点无关, 在这种认识的基础上, 提出了用归一化结构振幅|E|估量它的三种模式。特别是通过四位相结构不变量的二级Noighborhood~[1,2]原理解决三位相不变量间的匹配问题而算出的|E(k)E(h-k)|_(QE), 这是在没有位相数据的情况下对它的理想的估量。予期它能改进系统试差法中位相超解方程的功能, 提高测得位相的准确性。     

内噪声作用下的随机共振算法对弱信号的检测

基于随机共振理论提出了一种简便、有效地检测弱信号的方法。在内噪声协同作用下，通过调节输入噪声信号的大小能较好地提高系统输出信号的信噪比，从而实现检测背景噪声很强的弱信号的目的。应用于模拟信号和实验信号的结果证明了方法是可行的。     

Swelling of physically cross-linked copolymers in water vapour

A general thermodynamic equation for the swelling of a cross-linked polymer system in the vapour of a swelling agent has been derived under isothermal and isobaric conditions. The equation is used to describe the equilibrium uptake of water by elastomers Arnitel^® (DSM), which are hard-soft-segment block copolymers in which the hard segments poly(butylene terephthalate) crystallise and are responsible for a physical cross-linking. The gravimetrically determined degrees of swelling of different elastomers in water vapour of various partial pressures are analysed and discussed by the application of an extended semi-empirical swelling equation of Flory-Huggins-Staverman-van Santen.     

MORPHOLOGY OF A THERMOTROPIC AROMATIC POLYESTER

The crystalline morphology of a thermotropic aromatic polyester has been studied by microscopy techniques. Spherulites with ringed structure under polarizing micioscope were observed for solution cast specimens, They were composed of radially growing crystalline lamellae of thickness around 100. It was found that the molecules were packed in the thickness direction. Banded texture was observed in randomly packed domains for melt cast specimens. The bands have the same width and internal structure as those usually observed in oriented specimens of these polymers obtained by shearing their mesomorphic melt.     

Studies on the Phase Properties of Winsor Ⅰ-Ⅲ Type Microemulsions with Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy

The dielectric relaxation spectroscopy （DRS） of Winsor I -Ⅲ microemulsions for nonionic surfactant octyl polyglucoside CsG1.46/1-butanol/cyclohexanedwater system was studied. The experiment shows that the permittivity decreases with the increase in the frequency and clear dielectric relaxation phenomena were observed. Permittivity obviously decreases with the change of the microstructure of the microemulsion, W/O, B.C. and O/W can be distinguished by the permittivity.