不同质量调整法在消费者价格指数(CPI)中的应用

传统的消费者价格指数(CPI)存在着一定的质量偏差,不能真实地反映实际价格的变化.直接比较法、交叠法、生产成本法、链接法等质量调整法的应用均有一定的局限性,且缺陷较多,均指插补调整借助于缺失值插补的原理,以同一组内商品价格的平均变化率作为质量调整系数,能有效地降低价格指数的质量偏差。Hedonic质量调整法是以实际资料建立的回归方程为基础,运用数学的手段科学的将质量变化程度加以量化,因此与传统的质量调整法相比含有较少的主观因素,为CPI指数的准确度量提供了科学的质量调整依据.     

The influence of water on the memory effect of the amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenyl carbamate) stationary phase

Acid/base modifiers are sometimes used as additives in normal phase elution on columns packed with CHIRALPAK^® AD^®. These modifiers affect enantioseparations in ways that are not yet fully understood for the lack of systematic studies. Shifts of the selectivity of certain pairs of enantiomers upon exposure of the column to these modifiers is amply documented. Furthermore, once the modifier has been removed from the mobile phase, the modified selectivity remains, which has been named the Memory Effect. After a column has been exposed to an eluent stream containing acidic/basic modifiers, this particular column no longer separates certain enantiomeric pairs with the same selectivity as a modifier naive column. This makes the transfer of developed methods from one to other CHIRALPAK AD columns difficult to predict, if the selectivity needs to be similar between the two columns. We selected four enantiomeric pairs for a systematic study of this Memory Effect. The selectivity of 4-chlorophenylalanine ethyl ester improves after a solution of ethanesulfonic acid (ESA) is percolated through the column. The selectivity of Propranolol and Tröger's base increases after a solution of Diiospropylamine is percolated through the column. The selectivity of Propranolol and Tröger's base enantiomers is inversely affected by percolation of the acid solution. The 4-chlorophenylalanine ethyl ester enantiomers is inversely affected by percolation of the base solution. In contrast, the selectivity of trans-stilbene oxide (TSO) is not affected by either modifier. Analytical studies of the stationary phase suggest that slow protonation/deprotonation of water molecules attached to the carbamate moiety may be responsible for the acid/base Memory Effect. To further the understanding of the effect of water on the Memory Effect, mobile phases – spiked with water (0.01–0.43%) – were used to measure changes in the Memory Effect. Finally, we showed that the influence of water on the Memory Effect can be minimized by percolating through the column a sufficiently concentrated solution of the appropriate base while using dried mobile phases.     

计算机辅助装调与传统基准传递技术相结合实现三镜消像散系统的装调

为满足复杂航天光学系统对精度的要求,克服传统基准传递技术与计算机辅助装调技术对多于3片反射镜的复杂光学系统进行装调时存在的局限性,提出了两种技术相结合的装调方法。采用提出的方法对三镜消像散(TMA)空间相机进行了装调,结果显示:三镜在Y向和Z向的失调量分别由18.651和9.879 mm降低到1.036和0.102 mm,系统波前差达到全视场平均值1/14λ(RMS)。结果证明:此方法能有效缩短装调时间并达到系统要求的精度指标,对于多镜复杂光学系统装调具有指导和参考价值。     

高效毛细管电泳法测定全天麻胶囊中天麻素的含量

建立了利用毛细管电泳技术测定全天麻胶囊中天麻素含量的新方法.所用熔融石英毛细管规格为50μm×60cm(有效长度为45cm),检测波长为220nm,分离电压为12kV,缓冲液为pH7.6的200mmol/L硼酸缓冲溶液.结果表明,天麻素在10-800μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9995),加样回收率为98.5...     

Routing and wavelength assignment algorithms for multiclass WDM optical networks

In this paper dynamic routing and wavelength assignment strategies have been proposed for multiclass WDM optical networks. Multiclass optical networks provide multiple classes of services to the subscriber according to the requirement, which in turn increase operational profitability. Each class of service could be characterized by parameters like number of wavelengths, expected call holding time and average arrival rate of request. The proposed strategies have been analyzed and compared with existing strategies on the basis of blocking probabilities for multiclass traffic scenarios. Simulation results on different network topologies demonstrate that the performance of proposed strategies “Fixed shortest/alternate shortest path routing with wavelength reservation (FSASWR)” and “Fixed alternate shortest path routing with least priority wavelength assignment (FASPL)” are much better as compared to existing strategies. Proposed strategies minimize blocking probability of the multiclass network using limited number of wavelengths.     

Arithmetic returns for investment performance measurement

This paper introduces new money-weighted metrics for investment performance analysis, based on arithmetic means of holding period rates weighted by the investment’s market values. This approach generates rates of return which measure a fund’s or portfolio’s performance and a fund manager’s performance. It also enables to show that the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is a weighted mean of holding period rates associated with interim values which differ from market values, so that value additivity is violated. The manager’s Arithmetic Internal Rate of Return (AIRR) is shown to be the true period equivalent of the cumulative Time Weighted Rate of Return (TWRR), whereas the period TWRR (a geometric return) provides a different ranking. The method is easily generalized for coping with varying benchmark rates. We also cope with the practical problem of estimating interim values whenever they are not available.     

Universal prediction-based adaptive fault estimator applied to secure communication

In this paper, a communication scheme that could use a nonlinear dynamical system to create encrypted keys with an additional dimension is proposed, and the scheme could keep encrypted keys not to diverge. Since the divergence of encrypted keys (nonlinear signals) easily happens in non-linear systems coupled with other systems, the adaptive control approach, proposed in this paper, uses the universal state-space adaptive observer-based fault diagnosis/estimator and the high-performance tracker to eliminate the divergence of encrypted keys. At the same time, the receiver of communication retrieves informal messages by the universal state-space adaptive observer-based fault diagnosis/estimator and the high-performance tracker. Thus, this paper takes advantage of the merit of digital redesign methodology for a practical implementation of secure-communication, and the estimator solves the problem of secure communication. Thus developed a new approach could add more dimensions into nonlinear secure-communication systems without having the problem of divergence of encrypted keys.     

特高含水期井震结合注采系统挖潜调整研究

进入特高含水期后,开展注采系统调整挖潜剩余油是油田持续稳产的关键.为了提高特高含水阶段油田采收率,提出井震结合方法精细标定构造层位、认识储层特征,构建地质模型并数值模拟剩余油分布,针对剩余油应用井震结合解释成果设计注采系统调整方案并优化相应注水强度.实验区块研究结果表明:特高含水期,采用井震结合注采系统调整方法最终产油量和采收率分别提高31.21×10~4t和1.54%,能够达到有效挖潜剩余油的目的;而改变注水强度对最终开发效果影响显著,随着注水强度增加,采收率先增大后减小,存在最佳的注水强度为9m~3/d·m.     

Simulation of quasi-dimensional combustion model for predicting diesel engine performance

In order to improve the precision of quasi-dimensional combustion model for predicting diesel engine performance and promote the real time operating performance of the simulation model, a new phase-divided spray mixing model is proposed and the quasi-dimensional combustion model of diesel engine working process is developed. The software MATLAB/Simulink is utilized to build the quasi-dimensional combustion model of diesel engine working process, and the performance for diesel engine is simulated. The simulation results agree with experimental data quite well. The comparisons between them show that the relative error of power and brake specific fuel consumption is less than 2.8% and the relative error of nitric oxide and soot emissions is less than 9.1%. By utilization of this simulation model with personal computer, the average computational time for one diesel engine working process is 36 s, which presents good real time operating performance of the model. At the same time, the influence of parameters in calculation of air entrainment on prediction precision of diesel engine’s simulation model is analyzed.     

A mathematical model of deterministic wormhole routing in hypercube multicomputers using virtual channels

Although several analytical models have been proposed in the literature for binary n-cubes with deterministic routing, most of them have not included the effects of virtual channel multiplexing on network performance. The only mathematical model for deterministic wormhole routing in hypercubes with virtual channels was proposed in [Y. Boura, Design and Analysis of Routing Schemes and Routers for Wormhole-routed Mesh Architectures, Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, 1995] which uses complex combinatorial analysis with a computation time of O(N=2ⁿ) for an n-dimensional hypercube. This paper proposes a new and simple analytical model to compute message latency in binary n-cubes with virtual channels. It is very simple and easy to understand which uses an average case analysis and requires a computation time of O(n) for an n-dimensional hypercube. Results from simulation experiments confirm that the proposed model exhibits a good degree of accuracy for various network sizes and under different operating conditions.