Directed segregation in compartmentalized bi-disperse granular gas

A bi-disperse granular gas in an asymmetrical two-compartment system is studied experimentally.The presence of asymmetry within the range of our experimental parameters results in a directed segregated state and a directed clustering state.This deterministic system does not depend on the initial conditions.A modified flux model based on Lohse’s flux model for bi-disperse granular gases is derived.The modified flux model explains qualitatively the experimental results.     

Optical manipulation of coupled spins in magnetic semiconductor systems: A path toward spin optoelectronics

Experimental results based on the optical excitations in the III–V-based ferromagnetic semiconductors are reviewed. On the bases of results obtained by both cw- and femto-second-pulse optical excitation, we point out the feasibility of magnetization rotation in the hole-mediated ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As via the angular momentum and photon energy of light. Here, p–d exchange interaction is the effective channel that transmits a small change in spin axis of the valence band to the ferromagnetically coupled Mn spin sub-system. Within the limit of this picture, we also discuss a hole–Mn spin complex for which hole and Mn spins rotate and relax together upon optical excitation. Partial magnetization reversal observed in the experiments of the electrical current injection in (Ga,Mn)As-based magnetic-tunnel-junction devices is also reviewed in view of the effects caused by the spin-polarized holes. Here, we point out that a spin current of 10⁵ A/cm² may be reduced further if spin injection efficiency can be improved by the optimal designs of the device structure.     

A cell-centered Lagrangian hydrodynamics scheme on general unstructured meshes in arbitrary dimension

We describe a cell-centered Godunov scheme for Lagrangian gas dynamics on general unstructured meshes in arbitrary dimension. The construction of the scheme is based upon the definition of some geometric vectors which are defined on a moving mesh. The finite volume solver is node based and compatible with the mesh displacement. We also discuss boundary conditions. Numerical results on basic 3D tests problems show the efficiency of this approach. We also consider a quasi-incompressible test problem for which our nodal solver gives very good results if compared with other Godunov solvers. We briefly discuss the compatibility with ALE and/or AMR techniques at the end of this work. We detail the coefficients of the isoparametric element in the appendix.     

Energy transfer under impact load studied by molecular dynamics simulation

The process of amorphous silica clusters impact on a crystal silicon substrate is studied by molecular dynamics simulation, focusing on the energy transfer between clusters and the substrate under different impact conditions such as cluster size, impact velocity, and incidence angle. The impact process is divided into cluster deformation stage, cluster resilience stage, and cluster rebound stage according to the courses of energy change during the impact process. The simulation elucidates that the time of impact process of every cluster is only related to cluster size and is independent of impact velocity and incidence angle. The translational energy loss of the cluster and the potential energy increment of the substrate during cluster deformation stage, and the dissipation energy of system are independent of cluster size under the same impact energy and incidence angle. And the translational energy loss of the cluster during cluster rebound stage changes from energy absorption to energy release after the incidence angle becomes more than 60°. The rotational energy of the cluster may be omitted when the incidence angle is less than 15°. The ratios of the rotational energy increment of the cluster, the kinetic energy increment, and the potential energy increment of the substrate to the translational energy loss of the cluster are obviously influenced by impact conditions. And the ratios of the increment of the other categories of energy to the translational energy loss of the cluster are not sensitive to impact conditions.     

偏瘫患者辅助下肢外骨骼设计与仿真分析

针对偏瘫患者外骨骼康复机器人降低外骨骼质量的要求,设计了一种辅助下肢外骨骼机器人,采用柔索驱动的膝关节,具有结构简单,质量轻的特点。同时利用ADAMS建立了外骨骼关节柔索驱动的动力学模型,绳索模块建立了柔索驱动模型,通过Ariel生物运动分析软件,采集髋、膝、踝关节运动数据,运用Spline函数进行了仿真分析。经过仿真分析柔索驱动在上台阶运动过程中的不同拉簧预紧力和拉簧刚度下传动特性和驱动力矩,为进一步研究设计下肢外骨骼提供依据。     

Improvement of modified analytic embedded atom method potentials for noble metals and Cu

The modified analytic embedded atom model (EAM) potentials considering farther neighbor atoms are improved for the noble metals (Ag, Au, Pt, Pd, Rh) and Cu. We not only adopt an end processing function and an enhanced smooth continuous condition for the pair potential, but also adjust the model parameters of multi-body potential by fitting a cohesive energy, a mono-vacancy formation energy, the Rose equation curve for the cohesive energy as a function of lattice parameter, a structure energy difference, elastic parameters and an equilibrium condition of crystal. The calculation results of structure energy differences misfit the experiment data for the noble metals and Cu in the unimproved EAM, because anyone of these differences have not been considered in the calculation of its model parameters. After the modification, the model showed better simulation results for the noble metals and Cu.     

Quantum Emulation of Extreme Non‐Equilibrium Phenomena with Trapped Atoms

Ultracold atomic physics experiments offer a nearly ideal context for the investigation of quantum systems far from equilibrium. We describe three related emerging directions of research into extreme non‐equilibrium phenomena in atom traps: quantum emulation of ultrafast atom‐light interactions, coherent phasonic spectroscopy in tunable quasicrystals, and realization of Floquet matter in strongly‐driven lattice systems. We show that all three should enable quantum emulation in parameter regimes inaccessible in solid‐state experiments, facilitating a complementary approach to open problems in non‐equilibrium condensed matter.     

Superexchange-mediated magnetization dynamics with ultracold alkaline-earth atoms in an optical lattice

Superexchange and inter-orbital spin-exchange interactions are key ingredients for understanding(orbital) quantum magnetism in strongly correlated systems and have been realized in ultracold atomic gases.Here we study the spin dynamics of ultracold alkaline-earth atoms in an optical lattice when the two exchange interactions coexist.In the superexchange interaction dominating regime,we find that the time-resolved spin imbalance shows a remarkable modulated oscillation,which can be attributed to the interplay between local and nonlocal quantum mechanical exchange mechanisms.Moreover,the filling of the long-lived excited atoms affects the collapse and revival of the magnetization dynamics.These observations can be realized in state-dependent optical lattices combined with the state-of-the-art advances in optical lattice clock spectroscopy.     

HCCB-DEMO氦冷固态包层热工水力计算及分析

根据这几年HCCB-DEMO包层技术的发展,对原氦冷固态氚增殖包层进行相应设计改进。利用三维有限元软件CFX对该改进设计进行了热工水力学计算及分析。分析模型包括：第一壁,增殖单元,筋板以及三者集成模型。结果表明：各子部件在单独分析的情况下,材料最高温度低于设计要求限值;冷却剂进出口温度为300/500°C,满足设计需求。同时对比分析了集成计算及单独计算的结果,得出第一壁与铍球床之间的相互热作用较大,铍球床材料最大温度会高于设计限值。针对经集成计算后发现的问题,未来将对氦冷固态包层的设计进行进一步的优化。     

Structure of Lennard–Jones nanowires encapsulated by carbon nanotubes

Molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to investigate the structures of Lennard–Jones(LJ) nanowires(NWs) encapsulated in carbon nanotubes(CNTs). We find that the structures of NWs in a small CNT only adopt multi-shell motifs, while the structures of NWs in a larger CNT tend to adopt various motifs. Among these structures, three of them have not been reported previously. The phase boundaries among these structures are obtained regarding filling fractions, as well as the interaction between NWs and CNTs.