基底温度对α-C:H膜微观结构的影响

使用RF-PECVD法分别在基底温度为60℃、120℃和200℃的N型单晶锗表面制备了α-C:H膜,采用拉曼光谱、傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱和原子力显微镜等技术手段研究分析了α-C:H膜的价键组成及表面形貌,讨论了基底温度对α-C:H膜微结构及部分性能的影响。结果表明,在α-C:H膜沉积过程中,基底温度对膜层微观结构有较大影响,基底温度60℃时,膜层表面光滑、致密无石墨化现象。随着基底温度的升高,α-C:H膜中含H量和微晶石墨量逐渐增多,α-C:H膜层性能也逐步退化。     

The use of macroscopic modelling of intermetallic phases in aluminium alloys in the study of ferricyanide accelerated chromate conversion coatings

Chromate conversion coatings are used on aluminium alloys, primarily for their renowned corrosion resistant properties. Although these coatings are in common industrial use, neither the protection mechanisms, nor the coating interation with the intermetallic precipitation phases are fully understood. Macroscopic models have been developed in order to represent the galvanic cells present in aluminium alloys due to the presence of such intermetallic particles. Particles modelled include CuAl₂, FeAl₃ and Cu₂FeAl₇, all know to be cathodic to the aluminium matrix. Variations in deposition, both in composition and thickness, are indicative of the mechanisms of deposition over each phase. Characterisation of the coating deposition was carried out using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with X-ray analysis. Depositional characteristics have been determined for each phase. The coating on the intermetallic phases is primarily Al oxide, and is significantly thinner than the coating on the matrix. This coating on the matrix consists mainly of a mixed Cr/Al oxide. The coating on the intermetallic phases was only one tenth the thickness of the matrix coating, and contained higher levels of Fe, Al and O. Matrix coating chemistry predominated with Cr, O, Fe and N, indicative of a chromate conversion coating. The mechanism for reduced rates of deposition over intermetallic phases was found to be affected by fluorine ion attack leading to intermetallic de-alloying and decomposition of Fe(CN)₆²⁻ accelerator into amide groups on the matrix.     

光学薄膜诱导偏振像差对大数值孔径光学系统聚焦特性的影响

大数值孔径光学系统表面光线的入射角较大, 会导致薄膜的偏振分离, 诱发偏振像差, 影响光学系统的聚焦特性. 本文利用矢量光衍射理论, 建立了光学薄膜各参量与光学系统聚焦光场的模型. 利用该模型分析了线偏振光入射时, 光学薄膜对光学系统聚焦光斑的扰动. 在此基础上, 探讨了应用了不同约束条件下得到的光学薄膜对最终聚焦光场的影响, 确定了减小薄膜扰动光学系统光斑的设计方法, 即额外添加透射率差和位相差的约束条件, 并且适当增加位相差约束的权重. 利用该方法优化设计的薄膜, 相比于普通减反膜而言, 对系统聚焦光场中心强度的提升可达约12.5%.     

Electrical and optical properties of Si-doped indium tin oxides as transparent electrode and anti-reflection coating for solar cells

We have studied the electrical and optical properties of Si-doped indium tin oxides (ITSOs) as transparent electrodes and anti-reflection coatings for Si-based solar cells. The ITSO thin films were obtained by co-sputtering of ITO and SiO₂ targets under target power control. The resistivity of the ITSO thin films deposited at 0.625 in terms of power ratio (ITO/SiO₂) were 391 Ωcm. In this condition, the ITSO thin films showed very high resistivity compared to sputted pure ITO thin films (1.08 × 10⁻³ Ωcm). However, refractive index of ITSO thin films deposited at the same condition at 500 nm is somewhat lowered to 1.97 compared to ITO thin films (2.06). The fabricated graded refractive index AR coatings using ITO, ITSO, and SiO₂ thin films kept over 80% of transmittance regardless of their thickness varing from 97 nm to 1196 nm because of their low extinction coefficient. As the AR coating with graded refractive indices using ITO, ITSO, and SiO₂ layers was applied to general silicon-based solar cell, the current level increased nearly twice more than that of bare silicon solar cell without AR coating.     

Preparation of uniform TiO2 nanostructure film on 316L stainless steel by sol-gel dip coating

Sol was prepared by the mixing of tetra-η-butyle titanat, ethyl aceto acetate, and ethanol in an optimized condition. Polished 316L specimens were coated with the sol by dip-coating method. The influences of drying condition, withdrawal speed, calcination temperature, addition of dispersant, and pH of sol on TiO₂ nanostructure coating were investigated. Choosing of alcohol as drying atmosphere hindered the crack formation. The relation between coating thickness and withdrawal speed was evaluated. The optimum temperature to create a uniform distribution of nanoparticles of anatase was derived as 400 °C. Average roughness of coating was found about 10.61 nm by AFM analysis. Dispersant addition promoted formation of a uniform film as well as prevention of agglomeration. Acidic sol provided smaller particles than neutral sol.     

The effect of functionalization on structure and electrical conductivity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Nanosized powders of Ti-Nb oxide core-shell nanocrystals with atomic ratios of Nb/Ti = 0.11, 0.25, and 0.38 have been prepared by two preparation routes. The first route was co-precipitation, followed by␣annealing, using NbCl₅ as a source of Nb. The second route was coating of pure TiO₂ nanocrystals by Nb-isopropoxide in liquid medium, followed by impregnation of the Nb into the nanoparticles by annealing. Both methods yielded anatase nanocrystals with a Nb-rich shell and a core, which had much lower Nb loadings. The anatase structure solid solution (with Nb incorporated) was stable under annealing up to 760°C. The particle size remained within the nanometric scale (<50 nm) under heat-treatment up to 760°C. It has been shown that the fabricated powders can be redispersed in aqueous media by simple ultrasound treatment, resulting in nanosized dispersions. Using a variety of analytical techniques, including depth profiling of single nanocrystallites by AES combined with sputtering by Ar ions, the mechanism of the core-shell structure creation was studied. It is proposed that the formation of the core-shell structure is governed by solubility limitations in the co-precipitation route and by solubility and diffusion limitations in the coating-incorporation route.     

旋涂法制备氧化锆介质层及其在薄膜晶体管中的应用

采用旋涂法制备了氧化锆介质层薄膜,重点讨论了退火温度以及旋涂转速对薄膜性能的影响及作用机制。研究发现高温后退火一方面使得氧化锆水合物脱水形成氧化锆,另一方面促使氧化锆薄膜结晶。此外,转速较高时,其变化对薄膜厚度及粗糙度无显著影响。当转速为5 000 r/min、退火温度为300℃时,制备的绝缘层厚度具有良好的厚度均匀性,粗糙度为0.7 nm,漏电流为3.13×10^-5 A/cm²（电场强度1 MV/cm）。最终,利用ZrO₂薄膜作为栅极绝缘层,在玻璃基板上制备了铟镓锌氧化物-薄膜晶体管（IGZO-TFT）,其迁移率为6.5 cm²/（V·s）,开关比为2×10⁴。     

宽截止窄带高反射滤光膜设计

窄带高反射滤光膜在光通讯、光学探测仪器等领域有着重要应用.探讨了"基片|H(LH)m1aL(HL)m2βCr,M|空气"膜系结构的窄带高反射滤光膜系,讨论了金属Cr层厚度,以及两种不同的匹配膜系对滤光膜特性的影响,计算了Cr层内部的电场分布.结果表明,较厚的金属层可实现更宽的截止带宽,匹配层的加入有效地实现了宽截止带的深截止,使中心波长处导纳为较大值的匹配膜系可以更好地实现滤光膜宽截止、窄带高反射特性;匹配膜层使中心波长处Cr层内部的电场强度趋于零,有效地降低了整个膜系的吸收,提高了反射率.     

碳涂覆光纤表面碳膜形成机理研究

通过分析碳涂覆光纤的测试结果，研究碳涂覆光纤碳膜的形成机理，并应用该机理解释涂覆光纤的高可靠性问题和影响光纤初始强度大小的因素。     

Synthesis and Optical Properties of SiO2-Coated CeO2 Nanoparticles

Silica (SiO₂)-coated ceria (CeO₂) nanoparticles were prepared using water-in-oil microemulsion. Polyoxyethylene (15) cetylether and cyclohexane were used as a surfactant and organic solvent. SiO₂-coated CeO₂ nanoparticles were obtained by hydrolysis of metal alkoxide (tetraethylorthosilicate, TEOS) in the solution containing CeO₂ precursor nanoparticles. The effects of CeO₂ sources (Ce metal salt) and CeO₂ particle-forming agents on the morphology of SiO₂–CeO₂ particles were investigated. Observation via transmission electron microscopy revealed that the type of particle-forming agent affected the nanoparticles' morphology and that CeO₂ nanoparticles were spherically coated with SiO₂ when using oxalic acid ((COOH)₂) as a particle-forming agent of CeO₂. Furthermore, the transmittance of the particles was high in the visible region (above 400 nm) and decreased in the ultraviolet region.