Specific features of photo and thermoluminescence of Tb ions in BaO-M2O3 (M=Ga, Al, In)-P2O5 glasses

BaO-P₂O₅ glasses mixed with the three metal oxides viz., Al₂O₃, Ga₂O₃ and In₂O₃ doped with Tb₂O₃ were prepared. The glasses were characterized by X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis. Optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra and thermoluminescence (TL) of these glasses have been studied. From the measured intensities of various absorption bands of these glasses, the Judd-Ofelt parameters Ω₂, Ω₄ and Ω₆ have been evaluated and compared with those of other reported glass systems. The Judd-Ofelt theory could successfully be applied to characterize the absorption and luminescence spectra of these glasses. From this theory various radiative properties like transition probability A, branching ratio β_r, the radiative lifetime τ_r and the emission cross-section σ^E for various emission levels of these glasses have been determined and reported. An attempt has also been made to throw some light on the relationship between the structural modifications and luminescence efficiencies of all the three glasses. The analysis of TL data indicate high non-radiative losses in In₂O₃ mixed glasses.     

Frequency domain optical tomography using a conjugate gradient method without line search

A conjugate gradient method without line search (CGMWLS) is presented. This method is used to retrieve the local maps of absorption and scattering coefficients inside the tissue-like test medium, with the synthetic data. The forward problem is solved with a discrete-ordinates finite-difference method based on the frequency domain formulation of radiative transfer equation. The inversion results demonstrate that the CGMWLS can retrieve simultaneously the spatial distributions of optical properties inside the medium within a reasonable accuracy, by reducing cross-talk between absorption and scattering coefficients.     

Widely tunable, high-repetition-rate, dual signal-wave optical parametric oscillator by using two periodically poled crystals

This paper reports on a high-repetition-rate dual signal-wave (DSW) optical parametric oscillator (OPO) operating at the 1.5 μm band with tunable wavelength intervals from 2.5 nm to 69.1 nm. Two periodically poled crystals, a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) with multiple gratings and a single grating MgO-doped PPLN (PPMgOLN), are cascaded in the same OPO cavity to generate dual signal-waves by using quasi-phase-matched (QPM) technique. The pump source was a Q-switched diode-pumped Nd:YVO₄ laser operating at 50 kHz. At an incident pump power of 3 W, an average output power of 169.6 mW at 1489.2 nm and 1558.3 nm has been achieved.     

Compact multimode interference coupler with tapered waveguide geometry

In this paper, a novel MMI coupler, based on general interference, with tapered waveguide geometry has been proposed for reduction of coupling length. The coupling characteristics and power imbalance of the proposed structure are compared with conventional MMI structures by using a mathematical model based on sinusoidal modes. It is seen that the beat length for tapered MMI coupler with angle of taper ∼1.05° is reduced by ∼24% of that of conventional MMI coupler and the coupling characteristics obtained with the mathematical model, match well with those obtained by more sophisticated BPM computer aided design software. The power imbalance for tapered 3 dB MMI coupler is more sensitive to the wavelength than that for conventional 3 dB MMI coupler and variation of power imbalance with fabrication tolerance for both the MMI coupler is almost same.     

0.73～1.7μm超宽带微纳光纤波导全光调制器

提出了单层石墨烯包裹双锥形微纳光纤复合波导结构,构建了730~1 700nm超宽带微纳光纤波导全光调制器。通过火焰拉锥法将一根标准的通信单模光纤拉成具有双锥形的微纳光纤,在保证通光率的前提下可以极大的提升微纳光纤处的倏逝波与物质的相互作用。利用石墨烯的"超级特征",即单原子层厚度、线性色散的能带结构、超强的载流子带间跃迁及极短的弛豫时间和超宽带光与物质相互作用等,将单层石墨烯作为可饱和吸收体,包裹在双锥形微纳光纤波导的锥体上,以增强该复合波导表面倏逝波与石墨烯的相互作用。静态和动态全光调制实验中采用传统808nm低功率LD作为泵浦光,对谱宽为480~1 700nm的超连续谱探测光实现了光光调制,其泵浦光功率低于50mW,调制深度大于5.7dB,调制速率达到~4kHz。该微纳光纤波导全光调制器,在保证调制深度的情况下,用更低的泵浦功率实现了超宽带的全光调制,以简单、有效、廉价的方式兼容了当前高速光纤通信网络,打开了一扇未来对微纳超快光信号处理的大门。     

基于复合腔的波长可调谐连续橙红色激光器

设计并研制了一种基于复合腔结构的波长可调谐、瓦级连续输出的橙红色激光器.该激光器是由半导体激光侧泵Nd∶GdVO_4晶体产生p-偏振1 062.9nm基频光的谐振腔和使用周期性极化晶体MgO∶PPLN(三个极化周期为29.0μm、29.8μm和30.8μm)的单共振光学参量振荡器组成.在两个谐振腔的重叠区域,利用Ⅱ类临界相位匹配KTP晶体对s-偏振信号光与p-偏振1 062.9nm基频光进行腔内和频.通过对MgO∶PPLN晶体进行三个不同极化周期的调谐和30℃~200℃范围内的温度调谐,在三个波段(613.4~619.2nm@29.0μm、620.2~628.9nm@29.8μm和634.4~649.1nm@30.8μm)获得了波长可调谐的橙红色激光连续输出,并在相应波段(3 980.0~3 758.5nm@29.0μm、3 714.2~3 438.3nm@29.8μm和3 278.0~2 940.2nm@30.8μm)获得了波长可调谐的中红外闲频光的连续输出.在30℃最低调谐温度,通过改变晶体的极化周期,在613.4nm、620.2nm和634.4nm处测得最大连续输出功率分别为1.52 W、2.21 W和3.03 W,对应的三束闲频光最大连续输出功率分别为2.36 W@3 980.0nm、3.17 W@3 714.2nm和4.13 W@3 278.0nm.     

用于校准能见度仪的标准散射体定标系统中光学系统的误差分析

为了实现用于校准能见度仪的标准散射体的快速高精度定标,依据标准散射体校准前向散射式能见度仪的校准原理,建立定标系统中光学系统的误差分析方法.分析标准散射体定标系统的工作原理,结合其光学系统、机械结构的加工及装调偏差,建立了标准散射体定标系统的光学系统模型并设计实验证明其正确性.分析影响定标系统中光学系统精度的主要误差,得到标准散射体定标系统中光学系统的误差传递模型.通过对畸变偏差、像面位置偏差、主点位置偏差、像面倾斜偏差和焦距偏差的分析,提出了一种系统综合误差分析的方法并建立了综合偏差模型,对每个偏差单独分析,得出畸变偏差、像面位置偏差、主点位置偏差、像面倾斜偏差和焦距偏差的偏差范围依次为0.024 mm,0.399 mm,0.02 mm,0.28 rad和0.392 mm.该研究为提高用于校准能见度仪的标准散射体定标系统的精度以及校准时误差的来源分析与补偿提供理论依据.     

玻璃在线激光测厚误差的透反互补抑制

为了抑制激光在线测厚时入射角波动引起的误差,根据几何光学分析了激光透射式和反射式测厚原理,发现激光在特定入射角附近波动时,两种方式的测厚误差一正一负,具有互补性,在此基础上提出基于透射和反射同时测量的互补式测厚方法,该方法可将误差限定在透射式和反射式测量误差之间,抑制在线测厚误差.对于有机玻璃平板,理论计算表明,当激光入射角在67.013°±4°波动时,相对误差绝对值在1%以内,误差抑制率均值大于90%;当入射角为61.536°时,误差抑制率为100%.利用线结构激光器和两个线阵CCD相机搭建互补式测厚实验系统,测量了标称厚度为1~5mm的有机玻璃平板,与透射式和反射式测厚结果进行对照,除厚度为1mm的玻璃外,互补式测厚误差被限制在透射式和反射式之间,最大误差抑制率达61%.实验结果表明,该互补式方法有效抑制了误差,提高了在线厚度测量准确度,解决了在线测量不可重复性导致的无法通过均值法减小误差的问题.     

高衍射效率衍射望远镜系统的设计/加工及成像性能测试

为提高衍射效率,设计并制作了口径为300mm的衍射成像系统.该系统的物镜是由一块四台阶位相型菲涅尔波带片通过激光直写套刻和Ar离子束物理刻蚀技术在石英玻璃基板上加工而成.测试了衍射物镜的衍射效率,实验结果表明:衍射物镜在波长632.8nm处的衍射效率为66.4%,达到理论值的82%.搭建了衍射成像系统光路,分别采用10μm星点孔与分辨率板,测试了系统的成像性能.实验测得星点像直径为44μm,分辨率板的极限分辨率达到84lp/mm,接近该系统的理论计算值,表明该衍射成像系统具有较好的成像性能.     

分幅相机像面一致性分析及分幅方法改进

为了提高分幅相机的像面一致性,从分孔径和分振幅两种分幅方法的原理出发,分析了物体辐射特性影响像面一致性的原因.基于光纤传像器件匀光作用,提出了一种提高像面一致性的方法,并以棱锥分孔径实现六分幅为例,在LightTools软件中仿真了光纤面板厚度、纤芯直径、光线入射角度等参量对像面一致性的影响.结果表明,当光束主光线在光纤前端的入射角在±15°内变化时,增大光纤面板厚度或减小纤芯直径,可使得六幅像面能量差小于0.3%.基于光纤传像器件的棱锥分幅结构,可有效提高分幅相机的像面一致性.