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21.
22.
Specific features of photo and thermoluminescence of Tb ions in BaO-M2O3 (M=Ga, Al, In)-P2O5 glasses
S.V.G.V.A. Prasad 《Journal of luminescence》2007,127(2):637-644
BaO-P2O5 glasses mixed with the three metal oxides viz., Al2O3, Ga2O3 and In2O3 doped with Tb2O3 were prepared. The glasses were characterized by X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis. Optical absorption and photoluminescence spectra and thermoluminescence (TL) of these glasses have been studied. From the measured intensities of various absorption bands of these glasses, the Judd-Ofelt parameters Ω2, Ω4 and Ω6 have been evaluated and compared with those of other reported glass systems. The Judd-Ofelt theory could successfully be applied to characterize the absorption and luminescence spectra of these glasses. From this theory various radiative properties like transition probability A, branching ratio βr, the radiative lifetime τr and the emission cross-section σE for various emission levels of these glasses have been determined and reported. An attempt has also been made to throw some light on the relationship between the structural modifications and luminescence efficiencies of all the three glasses. The analysis of TL data indicate high non-radiative losses in In2O3 mixed glasses. 相似文献
23.
Hyun Keol Kim 《Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer》2007,104(2):248-256
A conjugate gradient method without line search (CGMWLS) is presented. This method is used to retrieve the local maps of absorption and scattering coefficients inside the tissue-like test medium, with the synthetic data. The forward problem is solved with a discrete-ordinates finite-difference method based on the frequency domain formulation of radiative transfer equation. The inversion results demonstrate that the CGMWLS can retrieve simultaneously the spatial distributions of optical properties inside the medium within a reasonable accuracy, by reducing cross-talk between absorption and scattering coefficients. 相似文献
24.
Tieli Zhang Jianquan Yao Xueyu Zhu Baigang Zhang Enbang Li Pu Zhao Haifeng Li Feng Ji Peng Wang 《Optics Communications》2007,272(1):111-115
This paper reports on a high-repetition-rate dual signal-wave (DSW) optical parametric oscillator (OPO) operating at the 1.5 μm band with tunable wavelength intervals from 2.5 nm to 69.1 nm. Two periodically poled crystals, a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) with multiple gratings and a single grating MgO-doped PPLN (PPMgOLN), are cascaded in the same OPO cavity to generate dual signal-waves by using quasi-phase-matched (QPM) technique. The pump source was a Q-switched diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser operating at 50 kHz. At an incident pump power of 3 W, an average output power of 169.6 mW at 1489.2 nm and 1558.3 nm has been achieved. 相似文献
25.
Alexander?B.?Balakin Winfried?ZimdahlEmail author 《General Relativity and Gravitation》2005,37(10):1731-1751
The material tensor of linear response in electrodynamics is constructed out of products of two symmetric second rank tensor
fields which in the approximation of geometrical optics and for uniaxial symmetry reduce to “optical” metrics, describing
the phenomenon of birefringence. This representation is interpreted in the context of an underlying internal geometrical structure
according to which the symmetric tensor fields are vectorial elements of an associated two-dimensional space. 相似文献
26.
Meriles CA 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》2005,176(2):207-214
Nuclear magnetic resonance is arguably one of the most powerful techniques available today to characterize diverse systems. However, the low sensitivity of the standard detection method constrains the applicability of this technique to samples having effective dimensions not less than a few microns. Here, we propose a novel scheme and device for the indirect detection of the nuclear spin signal at a submicroscopic scale. This approach--for which the name Dipolar Field Microscopy is suggested--is based on the manipulation of the long-range nuclear dipolar interaction created between the sample and a semiconductor tip located close to its surface. After a preparation interval, the local magnetization of the sample is used to modulate the nuclear magnetization in the semiconductor tip, which, in turn is determined by an optical inspection. Based on results previously reported, it is shown that, in principle, images and/or localized high-resolution spectra of the sample can be retrieved with spatial resolution proportional to the size of the tip. 相似文献
27.
We report on a new method for characterising crystallinity and polymorphism of pharmaceutical drugs and excipients in the solid state. The optical nonlinearity of certain crystalline structures allows under certain circumstances the quantitative determination of polymorphism or crystallinity. An apparatus was set up to measure the second harmonic response of powdered samples when irradiated with a pulsed laser source. Here we present experimental results from various pharmaceutically interesting materials. This rapid, novel technique has potential for industrial monitoring of pharmaceutical manufacturing processes. 相似文献
28.
We present a theoretical investigation of optical bistability in a nonlinear semiconductor ring resonator, by taking into account the two-photon absorption and the free-carrier absorption. By solving the intensity equation within the ring resonator, a parametric formulation is obtained for describing the bistability relation between the input and the output intensities. Numerical results show that the nonlinear absorption effects can affect the critical points and domain of the optical bistability. 相似文献
29.
Impurity optical absorption in parabolic quantum well 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Eduard M. Kazaryan Artavazd A. Kostanyan Hayk A. Sarkisyan 《Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures》2005,28(4):423-430
Optical absorption in GaAs parabolic quantum well in the presence of hydrogenic impurity is considered. The absorption coefficient associated with the transitions between the upper valence subband and donor ground state is calculated. The impurity ground state wave function and energy are obtained using the variational method. Dependence of the absorption spectra on impurity position in quantum well was investigated. It is shown, that along with quantum well width decrease the absorption threshold shifts to higher frequencies. Results obtained within frames of parabolic approximation are compared with results for rectangular infinite-barrier quantum well case. The acceptor state → conduction band transitions considered as well. 相似文献
30.
Glasses with composition xGeO2.(0.30−x)M2O.0.70B2O3 (M=Li, K) containing 2.0 mol% of V2O5 have been prepared in the range 0.00≤x≤0.15 by normal melt quenching method. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), optical transmission and absorption spectra and dc conductivity of these glasses have been studied. Spin Hamiltonian parameters (SHPs) of VO2+ ions, dipolar hyperfine coupling parameter, P, Fermi contact interaction parameter, K and molecular orbital coefficients (α2 and γ2) have been calculated. In GeO2·Li2O·B2O3 glasses there is no change in the tetragonality of the V4+O6 complex and the size of 3dxy orbit also remains unchanged with increase in GeO2 content. In GeO2·K2O·B2O3 glasses, there is an increase in the tetragonality of the V4+O6 complex and the 3dxy orbit expands with increase in GeO2 content. Values of the theoretical optical basicity, Λth, have also been reported. Optical band gap decreases with increase in GeO2 content. The dc conductivity of these glasses decreases and the activation energy increases with increase in GeO2:M2O ratio. 相似文献