Growth and characterization of L-phenylalanine nitric acid (LPN) and tris L-(phenylalanine)-phenylalanininum nitrate (TPLPN) as second and third order nonlinear optical materials

We synthesized noncentrosymmetric single crystals of L-phenylalanine nitrate (LPN) and tris L-(phenylalanine) L-phenylalaninium nitrate (TPLPN) by slow solvent evaporation technique. Both crystallized in monoclinic system with different acentric space groups namely P2₁ (LPN) and C2 (TPLPN) respectively. The IR and Raman spectral investigation was done for LPN and TPLPN and discussed. The UV-vis-studies accomplished the excitation wavelength of the grown crystals suitable to exhibit second harmonic generation signal. From the absorption data, remarkable optical properties such as direct band gap energy, Urbach energy, extinction coefficient were evaluated. The mechanical strength of the grown crystal was examined by Vickers micro hardness test. The temperature of decomposition was confirmed by TG/DSC analysis. Fluorescence emission spectrum of LPN and TPLPN were recorded and lifetime was also studied. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss of LPN and TPLPN has been determined as a function of frequency and temperature. Also the surface topologies of the crystallized salts were assessed by SEM studies. The third-order nonlinearities of LPN and TPLPN were determined by Z-scan technique with Nd: YAG at 532?nm and thereby from closed and open Z-scan data, third-order susceptibilities were calculated to be χ⁽³⁾?=?8.826?×?10^?6 esu for LPN and χ⁽³⁾?=?2.552?×?10^?7 esu for TPLPN.     

锯齿波频率对介质阻挡放电光谱特性的影响

采用微间隙平行平板介质阻挡放电(DBD)装置,以氩气作为工作气体,研究了锯齿波激励下DBD的放电图像、发光信号、发射光谱与锯齿波频率的关系。研究发现随锯齿波频率增加,DBD会从均匀模式(低于10 kHz),经历微放电丝与均匀放电共存,并最终过渡到微放电丝占据全部的电极区(频率高于35 kHz)。外加电压和发光波形表明,锯齿波频率较低时的均匀放电对应高占空比的阶梯放电。随频率增大,出现微放电丝后,发光波形呈现多脉冲形式,且电压半周期中的发光脉冲个数随着锯齿波频率的增大而减小。当锯齿波频率高于35 kHz时,每半个电压周期的发光脉冲个数减小为一个(单脉冲放电)。通过对放电的发射光谱进行研究,发现发射光谱中包含氮分子的第二正带系(C3Π_u→B3Π_u),OH(A2Σ+→X2Π)和ArI的特征谱线。研究表明OH(308.8 nm)和ArI(750.4 nm)的谱线强度均随锯齿波频率的增大而增大。     

光子晶体定向耦合三波长功分器

以二维三角晶格光子晶体为研究对象,在该光子晶体中引入两行以一行耦合介质柱为间距的平行单模线缺陷波导.通过分析和研究光子晶体波导耦合结构的耦合和解耦合特性,发现在不同频率下耦合波导的耦合长度不同.利用平面波展开法和定向耦合原理计算了在不同入射光频率下,缺陷波导间耦合波导的耦合长度,设计了一种新型超微光子晶体波导耦合型三波长功分器,实现了归一化频率分别为0.369、0.394、0.435的光波的分束效果.采用时域有限差分法验证了该功分器具有很好的功率分配效果.本文结果有助于光子晶体新型滤波器、定向耦合器、波分复用器、偏振光分束器以及光开关等光子器件的研究.     

近红外微弱光信号检测镜头的研制

运用ZEMAX设计了一款大孔径、小畸变微弱光信号检测镜头,与高灵敏近红外CCD图像传感器匹配,实现了对微弱单态氧¹O₂信号的实时、快速、高准确度的检测.检测镜头相对孔径1:0.86,半像高为6.3 mm,光谱范围为1 250~1 290 nm,放大倍率为1X,畸变小于0.1%.运用AutoCAD设计光学系统的机械结构,采用双高斯对称式结构以降低成本,手动聚焦、直插式滤片切换机构方便实验的调节,检测镜头研制成功并在实验中采集到较好的微弱单态氧¹O₂信号.     

小麦品质近红外检测系统的设计与试验研究

为实现快速无损地检测小麦品质设计了基于光栅技术的近红外检测系统,测试了该系统的准确性、重复性和稳定性,选取MPA光谱仪为参比仪器,分别采集56份小麦样品的光谱,建立偏最小二乘回归模型并验证。该系统的四个模型的决定系数R2分别为92.38%,93.48%,93.16%,94.44%,交叉验证标准差RESECV为0.405,0.374,0.383,0.346,相对分析误差RPD为3.62,3.39,3.82,4.24;预测集验证模型的R2为96.97%,94.22%,96.62%,96.34%,预测标准差RMSEP为0.221,0.305,0.233,0.243。MPA光谱仪的建模结果R2 为95.99%,RESECV 为0.293,RDP为5;预测集验证模型的R2为98.31%,RMSEP为0.165。实验表明：小麦品质近红外检测系统所得模型具有良好的预测性,稳定性和重复性;所得光谱波长与吸光度具有重现性;其模型对平均光谱的预测效果优于单张光谱;该系统工作稳定,性能优良,可应用于小麦品质质量检测。     

The supply voltage scaled dependency of the recovery of single event upset in advanced complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor static random-access memory cells

Using computer-aided design three-dimensional simulation technology,the supply voltage scaled dependency of the recovery of single event upset and charge collection in static random-access memory cells are investigated.It reveals that the recovery linear energy transfer threshold decreases with the supply voltage reducing,which is quite attractive for dynamic voltage scaling and subthreshold circuit radiation-hardened design.Additionally,the effect of supply voltage on charge collection is also investigated.It is concluded that the supply voltage mainly affects the bipolar gain of the parasitical bipolar junction transistor(BJT) and the existence of the source plays an important role in supply voltage variation.     

激光主动干涉条纹间距识别光学目标口径

利用物理光学相关知识及Collins衍射积分公式和硬边光阑的复高斯函数分解法,推导得到目标处干涉图样条纹间距与光学目标反射光时间分布关系的解析表达式.从原理分析、仿真计算和实验研究等方面研究了干涉场的条纹间距、光学目标口径参数和反射光时间分布包络的峰峰数、峰峰间距和峰峰比之间定量关系.结果表明,当条纹间距的大小约为目标的口径尺寸时,反射光时间分布包络的峰峰数由单峰向多峰过渡,峰峰间距和峰峰比曲线会出现极大值,根据这一变化规律可以估测出光学目标的口径参数,其估测精度受条纹间距可调节范围的影响.     

Computational investigations of the band structure and thermodynamic properties of calcium-doped BaS using the FP-LAPW approach

In this work, the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method was used to calculate the structural, electronic, thermal and thermodynamic properties of BaS and CaS compounds and their ternary mixtures, Ba_1?xCa_xS. The local-density approximation (LDA), the Wu-Cohen generalized gradient approximation (WC-GGA) and the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof generalized gradient approximation (PBE-GGA) were used as the exchange-correlation potential. Moreover, the modified Becke–Johnson approximation was also used for the band structure calculations. We examined the composition effect on the lattice constants, bulk modulus and band gap. The microscopic origins of the band gap bowing were characterized in detail using the approach of Zunger and colleagues. Pressure and temperature effects on the lattice parameter, heat capacity, Debye temperature, Grüneisen parameter, and thermal expansion coefficient were predicted using the quasi-harmonic Debye model. The thermodynamic stability of these alloys was investigated by calculating the excess enthalpy of mixing, ?H_m, and the phase diagram. It was shown that these alloys are stable at high temperature.     

缓冲层对量子阱二能级系统中电子子带间跃迁光吸收的影响

由于ZnO缓冲层对纤锌矿ZnO/Mg_xZn_(1-x)O有限深单量子阱结构左垒的限制作用,导致阱和右垒的尺寸、Mg组分值等因素将影响系统中形成二能级.本文考虑内建电场、导带弯曲及材料掺杂对实际异质结势的影响,利用有限差分法数值求解Schr?dinger方程,获得电子的本征能级和波函数,探讨ZnO缓冲层对此类量子阱形成二能级系统的尺寸效应及三元混晶效应的影响;利用费米黄金法则探讨缓冲层、左垒、阱及右垒宽度和三元混晶效应对此类量子阱电子子带间跃迁光吸收的影响.计算结果显示:对于加入ZnO缓冲层的ZnO/Mg_xZn_(1-x)O有限深单量子阱二能级系统,左垒宽度临界值会随着阱宽和Mg组分值的增大而逐渐减小,随着右垒宽度和缓冲层厚度的增大而逐渐增大;量子阱中电子子带间跃迁光吸收峰会随着左垒、右垒尺寸以及Mg组分的增大发生蓝移,随着阱宽增大而发生红移.本文所得结果可为改善异质结器件的光电性能提供理论指导.     

Photochromism of new unsymmetrical diarylethenes with a quinoline moiety

Three unsymmetrical diarylethenes with a 6‐membered quinoline moiety were synthesized to investigate the effects of the substituents on their photochromism, and fluorescence, and the structure of one diarylethene was determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Quinoline was connected directly to the central perfluorocyclopentene ring as an aryl moiety and available to participate in photoisomerization reaction in solution, amorphous films, and crystalline phase. These diarylethenes exhibited good photochromism with excellent thermal stability and obvious fatigue resistance. The electron‐donating methoxy group could enhance the absorption maxima of closed‐ring isomers and the quantum yields of cyclization and cycloreversion, but the electron‐withdrawing trifluoromethyl had an opposite effect. In addition, they functioned as notable fluorescence switches in both solution and polymethylmethacrylate films, and the trifluoromethyl group and the methoxy group both increased the emission intensity. The results revealed that the quinoline moiety and substituents played a vital role in the process of photoisomerization reactions for these diarylethenes.