Consciousness and the structuring property of typical data

The theoretical base for consciousness, in particular, an explanation of how consciousness is defined by the brain, has long been sought by science. We propose a partial theory of consciousness as relations defined by typical data. The theory is based on the idea that a brain state on its own is almost meaningless but in the context of the typical brain states, defined by the brain's structure, a particular brain state is highly structured by relations. The proposed theory can be applied and tested both theoretically and experimentally. Precisely how typical data determines relations is fully established using discrete mathematics. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity, 2012     

Energy relations between small and large unit cell boron–nitrogen polymer analogues of spiral graphite and nanoneedle structures

Based on a comparison of nuclear charges combined with a convexity property of Hamiltonians, and employing nuclear charge transformations representing a limited case of the Universal Molecule Model, simple electronic energy relations are obtained for the unit cells of polymeric boron–nitrogen analogues of carbon-based nanoneedles and spiral graphite structures.     

On the Space bvp（F） of Sequences of p-bounded Variation of Fuzzy Numbers

Recently, the space bvp of real or complex numbers consisting of all sequences whose differences are in the space lp has been studied by Basar, Altay [Ukrainian Math. J. 55（1）（2003）, 136-147], where 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞. The main purpose of the present paper is to introduce the space bvp（F） of sequences of p-bounded variation of fuzzy numbers. Moreover, it is proved that the space bvp（F） includes the space lp（F） and also shown that the spaces bvp（F） and lp（F） axe isomorphic for 1 ≤ p ≤∞. Furthermore, some inclusion relations have been given.     

Hyperasymptotics and hyperterminants: Exceptional cases

A new method is introduced for the computation of hyperterminants. It is based on recurrence relations, and can also be used to compute the parameter derivatives of the hyperterminants. These parameter derivatives are needed in hyperasymptotic expansions in exceptional cases. Numerical illustrations and an application are included.     

High quantum yield photoluminescence of new polyamides containing oligo‐PPV amino derivatives and related oligomers

The synthesis and the chemical physical characterization of new photoluminescent (PL) chromophores and polymers are reported. Chromophores (oligo‐PPV symmetric derivatives ending with amino groups) are strong blue emitters with a PL quantum yield of ～70% in dioxane solution. They have been used to prepare polyamides by reaction with aliphatic acyl dichlorides in which emitting and non emitting units are alternated. PL properties of the synthesized polyamides have been evaluated in solution and reveal a strong blue emission (PL quantum yield ～60%), To increase the solubility of these systems, oligomers have been purposely prepared and then characterized. They show a peculiar white emission when excited in DMF solution; to get insight into this interesting behavior, asymmetric monoacetylated chromophores have been prepared as model compounds for the chromophoric end groups of the polyamide chains. The emission spectra of these compounds reveal a broad excimeric yellow emission which is responsible, along with the blue emission of the inner chromophoric units, of the overall white emission of the oligomers. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 2677–2689, 2009     

广义Stirling数偶的理论及应用

The object of this expository paper is to sum up several results concerning generalized Stirling number (GSN) pairs investigated earlier by the author. Also expounded in some detail are two kinds of extended GSN pairs with applications (illustrative examples).     

The Onsager-Casimir relations revisited

We study the fate of the Onsager-Casimir reciprocity relations for a continuous system when some of its variables are eliminated adiabatically. Just as for discrete systems, deviations appear in correction terms to the reduced evolution equation that are of higher order in the time scale ratio. The deviations are not removed by including correction terms to the coarse-grained thermodynamic potential. However, via a reformulation of the theory, in which the central role of the thermodynamic potential is taken over by an associated Lagrangian-type expression, we arrive at a modified form of the Onsager-Casimir relations that survives the adiabatic elimination procedure. There is a simple relation between the time evolution of the redefined thermodynamic forces and that of the basic thermodynamic variables; this relation also survives the adiabatic elimination. The formalism is illustrated by explicit calculations for the Klein-Kramers equation, which describes the phase space distribution of Brownian particles, and for the corrected Smoluchowski equation derived from it by adiabatic elimination of the velocity variable. The symmetry relation for the latter leads to a simple proof that the reality of the eigenvalues of the simple Smoluchowski equation is not destroyed by the addition of higher order corrections, at least not within the framework of a formal perturbation expansion in the time scale ratio.