博落回生物碱的提取及分离工艺

采用正交实验方法研究博落回生物碱的盐酸提取工艺。结果表明：盐酸法提取的最佳工艺条件为：1．5％盐酸,固液比1：18,85℃提取3次,每次2h,提取率达到80．1％,与文献报道的醇提法相比其提取率提高20％左右。然后采用柱层析方法分离得到高纯度的血根碱和白屈菜红碱,并建立了一种HPLC法测定博落回中生物碱含量的方法。     

Tailoring Pore Structure and Morphologies in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Xe/Kr Capture and Separation

As a rising star among porous solid materials, covalent organic frameworks(COFs) with excellent properties including but not limit to facilely controllable structure, high porosity, and multi-chemical functionality represent significant potential for efficient ¹²⁷Xe/⁸⁵Kr capture and separation. In this study, through tuning the length of the organic ligands, two-dimensional(2D) COF mate-rials with identical connection group but different pore properties, denoted as ATFG-COF and TpPa-COF with AA-stacking model and TpBD-COF with AB-stacking model were synthesized and tested for Kr and Xe adsorption for the first time. Adsorption measurements indicate that the narrower pore apertures and higher porosity are conducive for COF materials to capture Xe and Kr. Furthermore, the Henry's constant, isosteric heat of adsorption(Q_st), and ideal adsorbed solution theory(IAST) selectivity of ATFG-COF, the pore size of which is closest to the kinetic diameter of the Xe atom(0.41 nm) among 2D COF materials, were carried out based on the single component sorption isotherms. The results illustrate that the high isosteric heat values of Xe/Kr adsorption on ATFG-COF are 25 and 16 kJ/mol at room temperature, respectively. Henry's law predicts that the selectivity factor of Xe to Kr is 6.07, consistent with the adsorption selectivity(ca. 6) calculated based on the IAST.     

微珠析相微萃取-石墨炉原子吸收法测定岩石样品中痕量铬

采用二苯碳酰二肼为络合剂,正戊醇为萃取剂,乙醇为助溶剂,建立了微珠析相微萃取-石墨炉原子吸收法测定地质样品中痕量Cr的分析方法。实验详细探讨了微珠析相微萃取的析相条件、石墨炉原子吸收工作参数及共存离子的干扰,优化了体系萃取条件。实验结果表明：微珠析相微萃取既起到了分离富集的作用,在石墨炉升温程序中又起到了基体改进剂的作用;当萃取剂用量为0.2～1.5 mL时,使之与水完全互溶所需助溶剂体积约为水相体积的0.2～0.5倍;方法线性范围为0～10 μg·L-1,检出限为0.057 μg·L-1,相对标准偏差（RSD）为3.3%（c= 2.5 μg·L-1,n=11）;当萃取剂用量为1.5 mL、水相体积15 mL时,与直接溶液进样相比其灵敏度可提高10倍。所建立的方法用于地质标准参考物质AGV-2和G-2中Cr的测定,测定值与参考值具有较好的一致性。     

溶剂效应对聚苯撑乙烯掺杂二酰亚胺太阳电池性能的影响

研究了不同溶剂对2-甲氧基-5-(2-乙基己氧基)-1,4-对苯撑乙烯(MEH-PPV):N,N′-二(1-乙基丙基)-3,4,9,10-四羧酸二亚酰胺(EP-PTC)复合膜的形貌及其对以MEH-PPV:EP-PTC复合膜为活性层的太阳电池性能的影响.结果表明:非芳香性溶剂不利于MEH-PPV与EP-PTC的相容,MEH-PPV与EP-PTC两相间形成微米尺寸(0.5—5μm)的相分离,因而以MEH-PPV:EP-PTC复合膜为活性层的太阳电池中的电荷分离效率较低,进而电池的能量转换效率较低.而芳香性溶剂有利于MEH-PPV与EP-PTC的相容,MEH-PPV与EP-PTC两相间能形成纳米尺度的相分离,因此MEH-PPV与EP-PTC两相间的界面面积明显增加,界面处的电荷分离概率明显提高.与非芳香性溶剂相比,基于芳香性溶剂的复合膜太阳电池的能量转换效率提高了20倍.     

Properties of Zr hypernuclei in deformed Skyrme Hartree-Fock approach

Properties of the even-N Zr isotopes and their corresponding single-Λ and double-Λ hypernuclei are studied in the deformed Skyrme-Hartree-Fock approach. Binding energy, the two-neutron separation energies, radii are studied from beta-stable zone to the neutron drip line in this paper. The neutron drip line nuclei predicted with SLy4 and SkI4 interactions are ¹²²Zr and ¹³⁸Zr, respectively. The neutron drip line of single-Λ and double-Λ hypernuclei are ¹³⁹_ΛZr and ¹⁴²_2ΛZr with SkI4 interaction, respectively. The predicted hyperon drip line hypernuclei with ⁸⁰Zr and ¹³⁸Zr cores are ¹⁰⁰_20ΛZr and ¹⁸⁸_50ΛZr, respectively.     

A位掺杂对La5/8(PrxCa1-x)3/8MnO3（x=0.25,0.5,0.75）相分离及输运性质的影响

采用固相反应法制备La5/8(PrxCa1-x)3/8MnO3(x=0.25,0.5,0.75)多晶样品,研究其磁性质和电磁输运特性.X射线衍射表明,La5/8(PrxCa1-x)3/8MnO3(x=0.25,0.5,0.75)多晶样品室温的晶体结构呈Pnma空间群的正交结构.磁化强度-电阻(M～T)关系显示,La5/8(PrxCa1-x)3/8MnO3(x=0.25,0.5,0.75)的居里温度TC随Pr掺杂量增加而逐渐降低,三种样品分别为160K、150K、100K.此外,随着Pr3+掺杂量增加,样品晶格畸变程度增大,铁磁相互作用减弱,并且三种成分均形成自旋玻璃态,其自旋冻结温度分别为150K、75K、70K.电阻-温度(ρ～T)关系表明,样品在x=0.25时出现电阻的双峰现象,这是由于样品中铁磁相与反铁磁相相互竞争造成的.结果表明,通过对钙钛矿锰氧化物的A位稀土掺杂,可对其CMR效应进行有效调控.     

非低温法的稀有气体纯化技术概述

稀有气体广泛应用于工业生产中,如离子刻蚀、检漏等。但是它们在地球上的含量比较少,属于稀有资源,因此需要对它们进行纯化以循环再利用。首先介绍了不同气体纯化的原理,然后以实际生产中的不同稀有气体使用范围为例,说明纯化装置的设计方法和需要考虑的问题。为以后气体纯化装置的设计提供借鉴。     

拓展光催化材料光谱响应的研究进展

光催化技术在解决能源短缺和环境污染问题方面有重要的应用前景,引起了人们的广泛关注。宽光谱响应和高量子效率是实现光催化材料大规模应用的前提。本文介绍了近年来紫外、可见和近红外光催化方面的最新进展,阐述了拓展光响应范围和促进载流子分离的有效途径,总结了光催化材料发展所面临的问题,并对其发展趋势进行了展望。     

Separation of Macroamounts of Metal Pairs – Part 1. Separation of Cadmium and Cobalt

The separation factors of cadmium and cobalt were performed on varying cadmium, zinc and cobalt concentrations in the original aqueous solution. A long chain amine (Amberlite LA-2) and an organophosphorus solvent (TBP) have been investigated. In most cases the values of the separation factor increases with the increase of metal concentration in the aqueous phase. The various possibilities of chemical and radiochemical separations of the metal pair are reported.     

Paçäeëeèèe èçotoèob kèeëopoäa pekthÔèkaèèeіі Moëekóëÿphoão kèeëopoäa

Es wurde eine Laboreinrichtung zur kontiniuerlichen Aktivierungsanalyse strömender, Flüssigkeiten entworfen und gebaut. Die Einrichtung bestecht aus dem Vorratsbehälter für die Probelösung, der Aktivierungskammer, einer Pu-Be-Neutronenquelle, der Meβkammer, der Meβeinrichtung, einer Laborpumpe und einem Strömungsmesser. Die vorläufigen Versuche bewiesen, daβ mit der gebauten Einrichtung die Bestimmung von Vanadium, Silber and Kobalt möglich ist.