ICF驱动器光束定位误差估计

 本文利用加权和法，将ICF物理实验对靶点的定位需求分配到各个组件对靶点的需求。运用等概率和不等概率方法，将组件对靶点的需求分配到各元件对靶点的需求。通过光学元件运动量与靶点光束定位之间的关系，确定各个元件定位误差估计值，并将其值作为光学元件定位误差变化范围，在此范围内进行上千条光线追迹法，根据正态分布区间估计法进行检验与修正，最后给出一组具有可行性的光学元件定位误差估计参考表。     

Modifying the physicochemical properties,solubility and foaming capacity of milk proteins by ultrasound-assisted alkaline pH-shifting treatment

This study investigated the effects of different treatment of alkaline pH-shifting on milk protein concentrate (MPC), micellar casein concentrate (MCC) and whey protein isolate (WPI) assisted by the same ultrasound conditions, including changes in the physicochemical properties, solubility and foaming capacity. The solubility of milk proteins had a significant increase with gradual enhancement of ultrasound-assisted alkaline pH-shifting (p < 0.05), especially for MCC up to 99.50 %. Also, treatment made a significant decline in the particle size of MPC and MCC, as well as the turbidity of the proteins (p < 0.05). The foaming capacity of MPC, MCC, and WPI was all improved, especially at pH 11, and at this pH, the milk protein also showed the highest surface hydrophobicity. The best foaming capacity at pH 11 was the result of the combined effect of particle size, potential, protein conformation, solubility, and surface hydrophobicity. In conclusion, ultrasound-assisted pH-shifting treatment was found to be effective in improving the physicochemical properties and solubility and foaming capacity of milk proteins, especially MCC, with promising application prospect in food industry.     

Preventive maintenance for inspected systems with additive subexponential shock magnitudes

We examine the long-run average availability and cost rate of a maintained system which deteriorates according to a random-shock process. Shocks arrive according to a Poisson process. The system fails whenever the cumulative damage exceeds a given threshold. The system's failures are not self-announcing, hence, failures must be detected via inspections. The system is inspected at periodic or exponentially distributed intervals. Systems are replaced by preventive maintenance or after failure (corrective maintenance), whichever occurs first. When the distribution function of the shock magnitudes belongs to the class of subexponential distributions, we obtain simple approximations for the availability and the cost rate. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Elucidating Factors Manipulated the Formation of Multiply Charged Protein Homomultimeric Complexes by Electrospray Ionization

Native non‐covalently bonded protein‐protein and protein‐substrate complexes are of great interest and have been extensively studied by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS). Multiply charged protein homomultimeric complexes are shown to form by ESI‐MS. This study addresses factors that can artificially induce the formation of multiply charged protein homomultimeric complexes. Cytochrome c (Cyt c) and ubiquitin, which are monomers in solution, were found to generate (Cyt c)_mⁿ⁺ by electrospray ionization (ESI). The homomultimeric complexes were not limited to dimeric complexes but include also multiply charged trimers, tetramers, and pentamers. The observation of these homomultimeric complexes has never been revealed from a Cyt c solution at the concentration as low as 10 μM. Increasing the concentration of Cyt c enhanced the formation of (Cyt c)_mⁿ⁺ as expected; however, the protein concentration does not affect the relative intensities of monomeric and dimeric complexes. Additionally the enrichment of NH₄OH also promotes the formation of (Cyt c)_mⁿ⁺. Notably, source collision‐induced dissociations (source‐CID) of (Cyt c)_mⁿ⁺ alter the charge state distribution (CSD) and may lead to an incorrect interpretation of Cyt c conformations. Hence, extra care should be taken when using CSD to interpret the conformation of a protein derived from ESI‐MS.     

二项分布下的一种贝叶斯可靠性验收试验方案

为了合理利用先验信息制定可靠性验收试验方案，以降低验收试验的费用，在进行可靠性定型试验的前提下，提出了一种先验信息加工方法，并根据生产与使用双方实际所关心的风险意义，制定了产品可靠性验收试验的一种贝叶斯方案。算例结果证实，该方案在保证了生产方与使用方利益的前提下，减少了试验量，降低了验收试验费用。说明所提出的先验信息利用方式是有效的。     

煤焦在燃烧过程中孔隙结构变化的模拟

煤焦在燃烧过程中的物理特性，如比表面积和孔径分布会发生连续变化，直接测量煤焦在燃烧过程中的孔隙结构变化很困难，但可以通过合适的数学模型来观察，二维的圆柱孔模型已大量用来对煤焦气化与燃烧过程中表面积和孔隙结构的变化进行模拟，这个模型把孔隙分成两大部分－－大孔与小孔，因为小孔构成比表面的绝大部分，所以在反应过程中比表面积的变化可以由单一小孔模型来拟合，本文采用了用Ｔｓｅｎｇ和Ｅｄｇａｒ提出的孔模型对几     

受高斯白噪声影响的有限化学反应体系的随机热力学——外噪声对化学反应体系影响的有效热力学量度

通过分析噪声对跃迁概率的不同影响,借助Novikov定理及MSR理论,建立了受多源白噪声影响的有限化学反应体系的有效主方程及有效熵平衡方程,导出非平衡定态时这类噪声体系熵产生的一般表达式,揭示涨落熵产生的统计内涵及噪声贡献,并针对非宏观量级的外噪声,借助扰动按分布参数分离法及有效主方程的Kramers-Moyal展开,进一步对简单加合性噪声建立了非平衡定态宏观稳定性判据的随机模拟,论证了噪声对化学反应体系定态稳定性的弱化作用.     

Tunable optical transmission through square-core metallic nanotube arrays

We propose a square-core metallic nanotube array and investigate its optical transmission property theoretically. We find that the transmission spectra can be tuned by the width of square-core edge, the intertube spacing and the dielectric constants of the core and the embedding medium between the nanotubes. We show that there is a band gap over a wide optical wavelength, and its width, number and position are sensitive to the tunable parameters. We also discuss the situation of the rectangular-core nanotube arrays and present that modification of the size of internal holes leads to redshift of the transmission spectra. Based on the localized nature of the field distributions, we show that there are local plasmonic resonant modes that originate from multipolar plasmon polaritons and a large number of opposing surface charges build up in the gap between adjacent nanotubes.     

Endoglucanase Degradation and Enzyme-Aided Characterization of Cellulose Acetates

Endoglucanases were used as a selective tool to determine the substituent distribution along the chains of partially substituted cellulose acetates. Unsubstituted segments are intensively fragmented while highly substituted segments are only slightly degraded or not affected at all. Two different procedures were developed to perform a preparative separation of the fragments by size exclusion chromatography. One system is based on a direct separation of the fragmentation products using pyridine : water (9 : 1) as an eluent. The isolated fragments can be analysed regarding to their DS values by ATR/FTIR spectroscopy or by hydrolysis and HPLC. The second system is based on deutero-acetylation of endoglucanase fragmented samples. The complete acetylation of all OH groups enables a chromatographic separation in chloroform. Afterwards the isolated fragments can be analysed regarding to their partial DS values by ¹H-NMR spectroscopy.     

Singularities in a Solution to a Rotating Orthotropic Disk with Temperature Gradient

A semi-analytical solution is obtained for a rotating stress-free edge disk of constant thickness and density. In the plastic range, the Hill’s quadratic orthotropic yield criterion is adopted. In the elastic range, the Hooke’s law holds with thermal effects included. The analysis of singularities performed may be used for correct implementation of numerical codes and preliminary engineering design.