Nano Au/TiO2 hollow microsphere membranes for the improved sensitivity of detecting specific DNA sequences related to transgenes in transgenic plants

Gold nanoparticles (nano Au)/titanium dioxide (TiO₂) hollow microsphere membranes were prepared on the carbon paste electrode (CPE) for enhancing the sensitivity of DNA hybridization detection. The immobilization of nano Au and TiO₂ microsphere was investigated with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The hybridization events were monitored with EIS using [Fe(CN)₆]^3−/4− as indicator. The sequence-specific DNA of the 35S promoter from cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV35S) gene was detected with this DNA electrochemical sensor. The dynamic detection range was from 1.0×10⁻¹² to 1.0×10⁻⁸ mol/L DNA and a detection limit of 2.3×10⁻¹³ mol/L could be obtained. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the terminator of nopaline synthase (NOS) gene from the real sample of a kind of transgenic soybean was also satisfactorily detected. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 20635020 and 20375020), Doctoral Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 20060426001) and Natural Science Foundation of Qingdao City (Grant No. 04-2-JZP-8)     

Exact determination of phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophages toward polymer microspheres by elimination of those attached to the macrophage membrane

A method for exact determination of phagocytic activity of alveolar macrophage (M) cells toward synthetic microspheres (MS) by optical microscopy was developed. We examined the effectiveness of the treatment of M samples with trypsin, acid or xylene to remove the polystyrene latex microspheres (PSL MS) attached to M cell membranes during their phagocytosis by M cells. We found that centrifugation, which was employed to collect M samples after incubation with MS, affected significantly the efficiency of the various treatments. Of the three treatments, xylene treatment without centrifugation was the most effective to determine the phagocytic activity of M cells, as xylene dissolved the PSL MS on the cell surface almost completely. This treatment was also effective in the case of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) MS (PLGA MS), which have been commonly used as an efficient vehicle for drug delivery system.     

以聚乙二醇为模板剂制备MoS2空心微球

以聚乙二醇(PEG)为模板剂, 采用软模板法制备出MoS2空心微球, 并采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、红外光谱仪(IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对产物进行表征. 结果表明, 所制备的MoS2为粒径约2-7 μm的空心微球, 但结晶程度较差, 需通过退火工艺进行改善; 聚乙二醇与MoS2发生了较为强烈的有机-无机杂化作用, 其浓度和分子量对产物形貌调控均有重要影响. 同时, 结合红外光谱分析, 对MoS2空心微球的形成机理进行了初步的探讨.     

原子转移自由基聚合法制备超大孔聚合物微球

以甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯为单体(GMA)、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂,采用原子转移自由基聚合法(ATRP)制备了PGMA-EDMA大孔聚合物微球,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜及压汞法对PGMA-EDMA微球进行了表征.研究结果表明,原子转移自由基聚合法制备的PGMA-EDMA微球的孔径尺寸及比表面积均大于普通自由基聚合法(CFRP)制备的PGMA-EDMA;ATRP法制备的PGMAEDMA微球的颗粒尺寸(100~400 nm)明显小于CFRP法制备的PGMA-EDMA微球的颗粒尺寸(1000 nm).PGMA-EDMA(ATRP)的微球粒径尺寸分布优于PGMA-EDMA(CFRP).因此PGMA-EDMA(APRP)微球在快速蛋白分离纯化方面有潜在的应用前景.     

Fiber Optic Excitation of Silicon Microspheres in Amorphous and Crystalline Fluids

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the optical resonance spectra of free-standing monolithic single crystal silicon microspheres immersed in various amorphous fluids, such as air, water, ethylene glycol, and 4-Cyano-4’-pentylbiphenyl nematic liquid crystal. For the various amorphous fluids, morphology-dependent resonances with quality factors on the order of 10⁵ are observed at 1428 nm. The mode spacing is always on the order of 0.23 nm. The immersion in various amorphous fluids affects the spectral response of the silicon microsphere and heralds this technique for use in novel optofluidics applications. Even though the nematic liquid crystal is a highly birefringent, scattering, and high-index optical medium, morphology-dependent resonances with quality factors on the order of 10⁵ are observed at 1300 nm in the elastic scattering spectra of the silicon microsphere, realizing a liquid-crystal-on-silicon geometry. The relative refractive index and the size parameter of the silicon microsphere are the parameters that affect the resonance structure. The more 4-Cyano-4’-pentylbiphenyl interacting with the silicon microsphere, the lower the quality factor of the resonances is. The more 4-Cyano-4’-pentylbiphenyl is interacting with the silicon microsphere, the lower the mode spacing Δλ of the resonances is. The silicon microspheres wetted with nematic liquid crystal can be used for optically addressed liquid-crystal-on-silicon displays, light valve applications, or reconfigurable optical networks.     

葡萄糖在聚对苯二胺/铜修饰电极上的电化学行为及测定

在静态法合成聚对苯二胺纳米片的基础上,经一步水热将铜微球均匀锚定于其上,成功合成了具有良好导电性、大比表面积、大孔径和孔容的铜/聚对苯二胺(Cu/Pp PD)复合物,其独特的结构有利于电子的转移、活性位点的充分利用以及反应物、电解质等的输运。复合物对葡萄糖氧化表现出很高的电催化活性,在最优测试条件下,所构建的葡萄糖无酶传感器响应时间短(达到稳定电流的95%所需时间小于3 s)、线性范围宽(0.003~6.44 mmol/L)、灵敏度高(929μA·mmol-1·L·cm-2)、检出限低(4.48×10-7mol/L)、重现性和选择性好,对血清样品进行检测,回收率为99.5%~101.1%。所制备Cu/Pp PD复合物能实现对葡萄糖的简单、快速、灵敏、准确无酶检测,在临床医学上糖尿病人的早期诊断和治疗监测领域具有很好的应用前景。     

In situ synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers on glass microspheres in a column

A facile method to fabricate molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) on glass microspheres in a column was developed. The column was prepacked with glass microspheres, and then the prepolymerization mixture was injected into the interstitial volume of the column. The polymerization took place in situ and the column could be directly used for high-performance liquid chromatography after the template had been removed. The template consumption was reduced greatly because the prepolymerization mixture just filled the interstitial volume between the glass microspheres in the column. The MIPs obtained exhibited better kinetic properties, higher efficiency, and low back pressure of the column. Emodin imprinted polymers were prepared by this method and were used for solid-phase extraction.     

LINEAR AND NONLINEAR SEMICLASSICAL THEORY OF WHISPERING-GALLERY-MODE MICROSPHERE LASER

A complete whispering-gallery-mode microsphere laser theory is developed, which combines usual laser semiclassical theory with Lorenz-Mie theory. The linear and nonlinear problems of the microsphere lasing are dealt with in the universal mode picture. The threshold condition, average amplitude of the steady state and frequency effect are obtained. A comparison between the theory and experiments is also made.     

ICF氘代固体靶的研制

 以自制全氘代苯乙烯单体(氘代率99%)为原料, 以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂, 经自由基本体聚合反应, 先制得全氘代聚苯乙烯, 最后采用乳液微封装技术制得了直径150～450μm、壁厚2～15μm、球形度≥99.5%、同心度95%～98%、表面粗糙度＜30nm的ICF固体靶用空心微球。介绍了制备工艺,并对全氘代聚笨乙烯分子量及其分布的控制,微球壁内气泡形成机理,微球储存稳定性等进行了初步探讨。     

薄壁玻璃微球壳的热扩散充气

 导出了热扩散一步充气法和分步充气法充气时,薄壁玻璃微球壳的内压变化,及其在空气中的气体渗漏速率和保气半寿命的表达式,提出了确定分步充气过程操作参数的约束条件。D₂气体通过薄壁玻璃微球壳的扩散速率与分步法充D₂气体时其内压的实验测量值与计算值相符合。