大气波导条件下雷达海杂波功率仿真

考虑近海面大气折射率垂直梯度的变化, 采用曲面波频谱估计方法(CWSE)计算掠射角, 并结合修正的GIT海表反射率模型和雷达距离方程对大气波导条件下雷达海杂波功率进行仿真, 最后通过数值实验及与实测数据比较, 验证了CWSE方法的可行性. 关键词： 大气波导 雷达海杂波 曲面波频谱估计     

空间激光通信中光强起伏尺度特征的数值分析

利用数值模拟的方法,定量地计算分析了空间激光通信中光强起伏问题,得到了准直光束与聚焦光束光强起伏相关距离（不均匀元半径）随大气相十长度变化的结果;进而分别从接收效率和性价比等不同的角度对激光通信系统接收孔径选取的参考因素进行了探讨。根据现代光通信对误码率的最低要求定义最佳接收孔径,计算分析了聚焦光束空间激光通信系统最佳接收孔径随大气相干长度r0的变化关系。结果表明,最佳接收孔径随大气相干长度的减小而迅速增大。对于聚集光束空间激光通信而言,在大气相干长度ro约为4cm的强湍流效应情况下,通信系统的接收孔径接近5倍艾里斑直径,才能满足国际电信联盟-电信标准部对光通信的最低要求。     

Does the flatness of the velocity derivative blow up at a finite Reynolds number?

A tentative suggestion is made that the flatness of the velocity derivative could reach an infinite value at finite (though very large) Reynolds number, with possible implications for the singularities of the Navier—Stokes equations. A direct test of this suggestion requires measurements at Reynolds numbers presently outside the experimental capacity, so an alternative suggestion that can be tested at accessible Reynolds numbers is also made.     

野战激光通信中多口径发射与大口径接收试验研究

针对野战无线激光通信中大气衰减和光强起伏问题,分析了大气对激光通信的影响,探讨了多口径发射与大口径接收对大气影响抑制机理,在此基础上,构建了多口径发射和大口径接收试验装置,发射端发射孔径数目可调,接收端光学天线采用卡塞格伦结构,通过在光学天线前面增加不同口径光阑方式,改变天线口径。发射孔径数目增加到4束时,光强起伏方差约为单光束时的1/2,接收口径直径相差1.5倍时,闪烁方差之间相差1.6倍,验证了对大气湍流的抑制效果。根据理论分析与试验结果,对野战激光通信光端机的部分参数进行了优化设计。     

Principle of temperature,velocity and pressure of upper atmospheric wind measurement for the Voigt profile

Using the accurate expression of the Fourier transform of the pure Voigt spectral line profile, we present the principle of the passive optical method to measure temperature, velocity, and pressure of atmospheric wind for the Voigt profile. Through discussion, from the Gaussian, Lorentzian and Voigt profiles, we find that velocity will not be affected, pressure can be derived for Lorentzian and Voigt profiles, and temperature will be affected greatly. By simulation and comparison, we find that temperature derived from the Voigt profile is greater than that from the Gaussian profile, and it is less than that from the Lorentzian profile. This discussion will be significant in accurate upper atmospheric wind measurement.     

Three different low-temperature plasma-based methods for hydrophilicity improvement of polyethylene films at atmospheric pressure

Three different low-temperature plasma-based methods were used to improve the surface hydrophilicity of polyethy- lene （PE） films, and all the modification processes were carried out by employing an atmospheric pressure plasma jet （APPJ） system. （a） PE films were directly modified by APPJ using a gas mixture of He and 02. （b） Acrylic acid （AA） was introduced into the system and a polymer acrylic acid （PAA） coating was deposited onto the PE films. （c） AA was grafted onto the PE surface activated by plasma pre-treatment. It was found that the hydrophilicity of the PE films was significantly improved for all the three methods. However, the samples modified by Process （a） showed hydrophobicity recovery after a storage time of 20 days while no significant change was found in samples modified by Process （b） and Process （c）. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） results indicated that the most intensive C=O peak was detected on the PE surface modified by Process （c）. According to the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） analysis, the ratios of oxygen-containing polar groups for samples modified by Process （b） and Process （c） were higher than that modified by Process （a）.     

Multi-Fractal Formalism for Quasi-Self-Similar Functions

The study of multi-fractal functions has proved important in several domains of physics. Some physical phenomena such as fully developed turbulence or diffusion limited aggregates seem to exhibit some sort of self-similarity. The validity of the multi-fractal formalism has been proved to be valid for self-similar functions. But, multi-fractals encountered in physics or image processing are not exactly self-similar. For this reason, we extend the validity of the multi-fractal formalism for a class of some non-self-similar functions. Our functions are written as the superposition of similar structures at different scales, reminiscent of some possible modelization of turbulence or cascade models. Their expressions look also like wavelet decompositions. For the computation of their spectrum of singularities, it is unknown how to construct Gibbs measures. However, it suffices to use measures constructed according the Frostman's method. Besides, we compute the box dimension of the graphs.     

Lagrangian and Eulerian velocity intermittency

Usual turbulence experiments, based on the Taylor hypothesis, differ from true Eulerian measurements. This is the origin of the apparent discrepancy between a recent two point correlation analysis and the multiplicative cascade picture. Indeed, both Eulerian and Lagrangian observations perfectly agree with this picture. Received 19 June 2002 / Received in final form 29 July 2002 Published online 14 October 2002 RID="a" ID="a"e-mail: bcastain@ens-lyon.fr     

波荡器位相误差对自由电子激光

对波荡器位相误差对自由电子激光小信号增益的影响进行了分析讨论。对低增益情况解析地给出了波荡器位相误差引起的增益降低因子。结果表明:与自发辐射类似增益的降低与位相误差的方差成简单的指数关系，位相误差的线性变化部分引起最大增益的位移，还表明波荡器位相误差存在时Madey定理仍然成立。对高增益情况也给出了波荡器位相误差引起的增益降低因子。     

Scaling laws for plasma transport due toη i-driven turbulence

The scale invariance technique has been employed to discuss theη _i-driven turbulent transport under a new fluid model developed by Kimet al [1]. Our analysis reveals that the finite Larmour radius effect plays a decisive role to determine the scaling behaviour of the energy transport under the new fluid model. However, the overall scaling of the transport coefficient remains unchanged as compared to that derived by Connor [2] under the traditional fluid model. The approximations considered by Connor [2] are qualified with additional requirements within the new fluid approach. In the dissipative case, which has not been discussed earlier, additional constraints on the power scaling laws of the transport properties are imposed due to the dissipative mechanisms in the basic governing equations.