Growth and optical properties of a new self-Q-switched laser crystal: Cr:Yb3Al5O12

Cr⁴⁺:YbAG (Cr⁴⁺:Yb₃Al₅O₁₂) crystal with a size up to Φ24 mm×30 mm was grown by the Czochralski method. In the absorption spectrum, there are two absorption bands at 939 and 969 nm, respectively, which are suitable for InGaAs diode laser pumping, and there is an absorption band at 1030 nm, which is suitable for passive Q-switched laser output at 1.03 μm. A broad emission spectrum from 970 to 1100 nm was exhibited from 940 nm wavelength pumping. This crystal is promising as a self-Q-switched laser crystal used for compact, efficient, highly stable, passive self-Q-switched thin chip solid-state lasers.     

Deposition conditions in tailoring the morphology of highly porous reticular films prepared by electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) technique

Spongy-like reticular structure is a unique morphology fabricated by electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) technique. The effects of solvent, substrate temperature, precursor feeding rate, static electric field strength, and deposition time on tailoring the reticular structure were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the film morphology. MnO_x or LiMn₂O₄ were selected as the model materials. It is found that in addition to the conventional solvent butyl carbitol, other kinds of solvents such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol can also be used to obtain reticular films at a suitable substrate temperature. Porous films with a low cross-linking degree pore structure can be prepared by increasing precursor feeding rate or decreasing substrate temperature. Increasing the deposition time or the electric field strength helps to obtain reticular films with more homogeneous pore size distribution. In addition, the addition of a high boiling-point solvent in mixed alcohol solvent results in the increase of proper substrate temperature. It is concluded that the fluidity of the spray droplets on the surface of a hot substrate is an important factor to form a reticular film.     

Phosphonate electrochemical recognition by molecularly imprinted deposited film

In this paper, thin films of titanium oxide imprinted with O,O-dimethyl-(2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetoxyl)(3′-nitrobenyl) methinephosphonate (Phi-NO₂) were prepared via liquid phase deposition (LPD) method on a glassy carbon electrode. The imprinted molecular in the films was removed by treatment with immersion in CH₂Cl₂. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical methods were introduced to show the evidence of the molecular imprinting phenomenon. It was also found that the recognition ability of the sensor depended on the substituents associated with tridimensional structures of the nitro-compounds. Under the optimized condition, the sensor showed better sensitivity, selectivity and reproducibility to the imprinted molecule and the linear relationship between the current and the concentration of analyte in the range of 0.1-50 μM was obtained. LPD proved to be a powerful method for imprinting titanium oxide thin sense films.     

Synthesis and magnetic properties of multilayer Ni/Cu and NiFe/Cu nanowires

Highly ordered composite nanowires with multilayer Ni/Cu and NiFe/Cu have been fabricated by pulsed electrodeposition into nanoporous alumina membrane. The diameter of wires can be easily varied by pore size of alumina, ranging from 30 to 100 nm. The applied potential and the duration of each potential square pulse determine the thickness of the metal layers. The nanowires have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), magnetic force microscopy (MFM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements. The MFM images indicate that every ferromagnetic layer separated by Cu layer was present as single isolated domain-like magnet. This technique has potential use in the measurement and application of magnetic nanodevices.     

Enhancement of coercivity with reduced grain size in CoCrPt film grown by pulsed laser deposition

We report a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) growth of VMn/CoCrPt bilayer with a magnetic coercivity (H_c) of 2.2 kOe and a grain size of 12 nm. The effects of VMn underlayer on magnetic properties of CoCrPt layer were studied. The coercivity, H_c, and squareness, S, of VMn/CoCrPt bilayer, is dependent on the thickness of VMn. The grain size of the CoCrPt film can also be modified by laser parameters. High laser fluence used for CoCrPt deposition produces a smaller grain size. Enhanced H_c and reduced grain size in VMn/CoCrPt is explained by more pronounced surface phase segregation during deposition at high laser fluence.     

ICP-AES测定彩涂前处理表面调整转化层中Ti、Ni含量及钝化膜中Cr含量

采用电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法同时测定彩涂前处理表面调整转化层中Ti、Ni含量及钝化膜中Cr含量.以表征表面调整转化层厚度及钝化膜厚度,采用本方法准确度高、快速简便,经试验结果令人满意.     

Electrolytical production of Ni + Mo + Si composite coatings with enhanced content of Si

Ni + Mo + Si composite coatings were prepared by co-deposition of nickel with molybdenum and silicon powders from a nickel solution in which Mo and Si particles were suspended by stirring. The layers have been deposited on a carbon steel substrate (St3S) under galvanostatic conditions. The content of Si in deposited layers was about 2-5 wt.% depending on deposition current density and the value of electric charge. For comparison Ni + Mo composite coatings were obtained under analogous current conditions. Composite coatings of enhanced Si content (15 wt.%) were deposited from an electrolyte in which 40 g/dm³ of Si covered with electroless plated nickel was dispersed. Deposition current density was equal 0.1 A/cm² and the value of electric charge Q = 500 C/cm². The thickness of the coatings was about 100-300 μm depending on their kind, electric charge and the deposition current density. Surface and cross-section morphology were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). All deposited coatings are characterized by great, developed surface area. No internal stresses causing their cracking were observed. Chemical composition of the layers was determined by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) method and quantitative X-ray analysis (QXRD). It was stated, that the content of molybdenum and silicon in Ni + Mo + Si coatings depends on deposition current density and the amount of the powder in bath. The results of structural investigation of the obtained layers by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method show, that they consist in crystalline Mo or Mo and Si phases built into Ni matrix. Moreover, Ni + Mo + Si composite coatings were modified by thermal treatment. It has been found that the thermal treatment of Ni + Mo + Si composite coatings caused that the new phases (NiSi, Mo₂Ni₃Si and Ni₆Mo₆C_1.06) were obtained.     

Alloy formation in mechanically activated mixtures

The physical mixtures of hydroxocarbonates of Cu and Ni with aluminium were activated using a laboratory planetary mill. The chemical reactions and alloy formations as the effects of grinding were followed by the phase analysis of solid products based on the thermogravimetry and X-ray diffractometry. Experimental evidence indicates that the nature of reactions and products of mechanical activation was dependent on the amount of aluminium and time of grinding. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

c轴定向氮化铝薄膜的制备

利用电子回旋共振 (ECR)微波增强化学气相沉积法 (PECVD)并使用氮气 (N2 ) ,氩气 (Ar)和AlCl3蒸气作为气源在直径为 6 .35cm的 (10 0 )单晶硅片表面制备了c轴定向氮化铝 (AlN)薄膜 ,并使用X射线衍射仪及其X射线特征能谱和扫描电镜 (SEM)分析了薄膜特征 ,研究了微波功率、基板温度和N2 流量对薄膜c轴定向的影响 ,得到了c轴偏差角小于 5°的高质量大面积AlN薄膜。     

反应离子镀光学薄膜的微观结构分析

用反应离子镀方法制备了ＴｉＯ２单层膜及ＴｉＯ２／ＳｉＯ２多层膜，用透射电子显微镜分别观察了由反应离子镀方法及传统蒸镀法二种不同工艺制得的ＴｉＯ２单层膜及ＴｉＯ２／ＳｉＯ２多层膜的断面结构，并对ＴｉＯ２单层膜进行了喇曼分析和卢瑟福背散射分析。