驱动马达定向运动的随机动力学模型

本文在非对称周期势中考虑驱动马达的机械化学耦合,基于布朗马达的工作原理,利用MATLAB数值模拟驱动马达在一定实验条件下的运动特征.我们首先模拟了单个驱动马达的位移和速度随时间变化的图像,然后分别计算了多个驱动马达运动的平均速度,最后计算了不同负载力条件下马达运动速度的系综平均值.模拟结果表明驱动马达在定向运动中存在等待态和行走态,行走步长约为8.2nm,且马达运动具有一定的随机性.通过与实验比较,发现模型计算结果与实验吻合.     

自旋轨道耦合Su-Schrieffer-Heeger原子链系统的电子输运特性

在Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH)原子链中,电子在胞内和胞间的跳跃依赖于其自旋时,即SSH原子链存在自旋轨道耦合作用时,存在不同缠绕数的非平庸拓扑边缘态.如何探测自旋轨道耦合SSH原子链不同缠绕数的边缘态是一个重要问题.本文在紧束缚近似下研究了自旋轨道耦合SSH原子链的非平庸拓扑边缘态性质及其零能附近的电子输运特性.研究发现四重和二重简并边缘态的缠绕数分别为2和1;并且仅当源极入射电子的自旋被极化(铁磁电极)时,自旋轨道耦合SSH原子链在零能附近的电子输运特性才能反映其边缘态的能谱特性.尤其是,随着自旋轨道耦合SSH原子链与左、右导线之间的耦合强度由弱到强改变,对于缠绕数为2的四重简并边缘态,入射电子在零能附近的透射峰数目将从4个变为0;而对于缠绕数为1的二重简并边缘态情形,其透射峰数目将从2个变为0.因此,在源极为铁磁电极的情形下,通过观察自旋轨道耦合SSH原子链在零能附近电子共振透射峰的数目随着其与左、右导线之间耦合强度的变化,来探测其不同缠绕数的边缘态.上述结果为基于电子输运特性探测自旋轨道耦合SSH原子链不同拓扑性质的边缘态提供了一种可选择的理论方案.     

A new umpolung for direct γ-regioselective nucleophilic addition of alcohols to γ-enolizable α,β-unsaturated aldehydes

A direct γ-regioselective nucleophilic addition of alcohols toward γ-enolizable α,β-unsaturated aldehydes was developed using a catalytic amount of MeSO₃H (30 mol%) and a stoichiometric amount of chloranil (1.0 equiv) as the oxidant. The addition of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) was found to accelerate this cross-dehydrogenative coupling, furnishing diverse alcoholic adducts with high γ-regio- and E-stereoselectivities.     

A novel ditopic ring-expanded N-heterocyclic carbene ligand-assisted Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction in aqueous media

A series of seven-membered ditopic ring-expanded N-heterocyclic carbene (dre-NHC) precursors, bearing sterically demanding and electron-rich aryl groups, were synthesised in moderate yields via the reaction of 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(bromomethyl)benzene with the corresponding N,N′-diarylformamidines in the presence of K₂CO₃ in acetonitrile under an air atmosphere. All new compounds were characterised by HRMS, NMR spectroscopy, and microanalysis, as well as X-ray crystallography for compound 1c. The development of an efficient catalytic system for the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction of aryl chlorides with various boronic acids was also investigated using the in situ generated dre-NHC ligands.     

Green and mild laccase-catalyzed aerobic oxidative coupling of benzenediol derivatives with various sodium benzenesulfinates

The oxidative coupling reaction between hydroquinone or catechols and various sodium benzenesulfinates was investigated using the laccase from Trametes versicolor, in the presence of O₂ in a phosphate buffer solution at room temperature to afford sulfonyl benzenediols in 75–95% yield.     

Copper‐Polymer Nanocomposite Catalyst for Synthesis of 1,4‐Diphenylbutadiyne‐1,3

A new catalyst for cross‐coupling synthesis of 1,4‐diphenylbutadiyne‐1,3 was prepared by thermolysis of copper(II) poly‐5‐vinyltetrazolate. It presents heterogeneous catalyst, in which copper nanoparticles are supported on polymeric matrix surface. The catalyst is recovered, recycled, and shows high catalytic activity in cross‐coupling synthesis of 1,4‐diphenylbutadiyne‐1,3. The reaction proceeds in aerobic conditions at room temperature in the presence of pyridine.     

Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of aryl chlorides with aryl boronic acids catalyzed by a palladium dichloride adduct of N-diphenylphosphanyl-2-aminopyridine

One palladium dichloride adduct of a phosphine-pyridine ligand N-diphenylphosphanyl-2-aminopyridine (L₁) [(L₁)PdCl₂] (1) has been prepared and structurally characterized. Compound 1 can be used as an effective catalyst for the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of unreactive aryl chlorides with aryl boronic acids, and worked much better than its mono- or bidentate phosphine ligands. The reactions with a wide scope of substrates proceeded to give desired products in good to excellent yields.     

Investigation into Sonogashira reaction on 5-iodo-1-(phenyl/p-halophenyl)imidazole-4-carbonitrile compounds

Investigation into Sonogashira reaction on 5-iodo-1-(phenyl/p-halophenyl)imidazole-4-carbonitrile compounds had been developed by introducing an iodo atom at the C-5 position of the imidazole ring of 5-amino-1-(phenyl/p-halophenyl)imidazole-4-carbonitrile compounds. Specifically, 5-iodo-1-(4-iodophenyl)imidazole-4-carbonitrile compound had shown double Sonogashira coupling reactions with two differently substituted iodine along with the formation of two other compounds where an unusual coupling product with self-aggregation property was obtained. In other cases, monocoupling had been observed together with another compound where iodine atom present at C5 position of imidazole was replaced by hydrogen atom.     

Efficient synthesis of aryl-substituted carbazoles via tandem double or triple suzuki coupling and cadogan cyclization

An efficient one-step method to prepare aryl-substituted carbazoles via tandem double or triple CC bond formations by multiple Suzuki couplings and CN bond formation by Cadogan cyclization has been developed. The developed method employs commercially available or easily preparable polybromonitrobenzenes and arylboronic acids as starting materials, tolerates various functional groups, and provides good yields.     

Polyaromatic heterocycles through intramolecular alkyne carbonyl metathesis: 5-Acylnaphtho[2,1-b]benzofurans

A modular approach to 5-acylated naphtho[2,1-b]benzofurans was developed where Sonogashira cross-coupling and intramolecular alkyne carbonyl metathesis were sequentially employed to build the aromatic benzene C ring of naphtho[2,1-b]benzofuran with an acyl group at the C5 position.