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71.
Wei Yang Itır Z. Karaesmen Pınar Keskinocak Sridhar Tayur 《Annals of Operations Research》2008,159(1):415-431
Fractional aircraft ownership programs, where individuals or corporations own a fraction of an aircraft, have revolutionized
the corporate aviation industry. Fractional management companies (FMC) manage all aspects of aircraft operations enabling
the owners to enjoy the benefits of private aviation without the associated responsibilities. We describe here the development
of a scheduling decision support tool for a leading FMC. We present mathematical models, exact and heuristic solution methods.
Our computational results using real and randomly generated data indicate that these models are quite effective in finding
optimal or near-optimal solutions. The first phase of the implementation of one of these models at the FMC led to a significant
improvement in effective utilization of the aircraft, reduction of costs due to reduced empty moves, and hence increased profits. 相似文献
72.
Paul Sheridan Yuichi Yagahara Hidetoshi Shimodaira 《Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics》2008,60(4):747-761
We propose a scale-free network model with a tunable power-law exponent. The Poisson growth model, as we call it, is an offshoot
of the celebrated model of Barabási and Albert where a network is generated iteratively from a small seed network; at each
step a node is added together with a number of incident edges preferentially attached to nodes already in the network. A key
feature of our model is that the number of edges added at each step is a random variable with Poisson distribution, and, unlike
the Barabási–Albert model where this quantity is fixed, it can generate any network. Our model is motivated by an application
in Bayesian inference implemented as Markov chain Monte Carlo to estimate a network; for this purpose, we also give a formula
for the probability of a network under our model. 相似文献
73.
In this paper, we show the results of an experimental study about the most important algorithms proposed to solve the Maximum
Flow problem. The appropriate statistical analysis not only allows us to justify comparisons between the different procedures
but also to obtain classifications of their practical efficiency. Furthermore, an empirical experiment allows us to identify
the influence of several parameters that are not included in a theoretical study. 相似文献
74.
Multistage Interconnection Networks (MINs) are network systems providing fast and efficient communications at a reasonable cost. A gamma network is a specific class of MINs, which provides redundant paths in the system. In a gamma network, information from source nodes is transmitted through a specific set of routes to destination nodes. Reliability of an MIN is used as a measure of system’s ability to transform information from input to output devices. Due to the complexity of network configuration and availability of redundant paths, reliability bounds to estimate the exact reliability of a gamma network is proposed. A numerical example of an 8 × 8 gamma network is presented to demonstrate the accuracy of the reliability bounds. When the lower bound reliability provides sufficient assurance that the system will be operational at some specified time and closely approximates the exact reliability, then no further effort for obtaining the exact reliability expression is necessary. 相似文献
75.
Kwang-Pill Lee Shanmugasundaram Komathi Anantha Iyengar Gopalan 《Microchemical Journal》2010,95(1):74-228
A new nanomaterial was prepared by grafting a layer of sulfonated polyaniline network (SPAN-NW) on to the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) and effectively utilized for immobilization of an enzyme and for the fabrication of a biosensor. SPAN-NW was formed on the surface of MWNT by polymerizing a mixture of diphenyl amine 4-sulfonic acid (DPASA), 4-vinyl aniline (VA) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid (APASA) in the presence of amine functionalized MWNT (MWNT-NH2). The MWNT-g-SPAN-NW was immobilized with glucose oxidase (GOx) to fabricate the SPAN-NW/GOx biosensor. MWNT-g-SPAN-NW/GOx electrode showed direct electron transfer (DET) for GOx with a fast heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (ks) of 4.11 s− 1. The amperometric current response of MWNT-g-SPAN-NW/GOx biosensor shows linearity up to 9 mM of glucose, with a correlation coefficient of 0.99 and a detection limit of 0.11 μM (S/N = 3). At a low applied potential of − 0.1 V, MWNT-g-SPAN-NW/GOx electrode possesses high sensitivity (4.34 μA mM− 1) and reproducibility towards glucose. 相似文献
76.
Zhen-Lan Fang 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2010,183(7):1615-1619
One novel 2-D polythreading framework named as [Cu3(CN)3(NH3)] (1), was obtained through the self-assembling of CuCN under hydrothermal reaction. It is remarkable that there is a 26-membered [Cu10(CN)8] decanuclear metallamacrocycle with the effective size of ca. 16.8×6.83 Å2 along the a-axis. These 2-D layers stack in an ··ABAB···staggered fashion, with the lateral {(CN)Cu3(NH3)} moieties of each layer inserting into the voids of the decanuclear metallamacrocycles from two adjacent layers. Optical diffuse reflectance spectrum and the result of DFT calculation reveal that 1 is potential direct semiconducting material. In the solid state at room temperature, 1 shows bright yellow fluorescence under ultraviolet light illumination. Its emissive excited state is primarily attributed to the LMCT, LLCT and 3[MMLCT] excited state, based on the result of DFPT calculation. 相似文献
77.
78.
Reputation-based network selection mechanism using game theory 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ramona Trestian Olga Ormond Gabriel-Miro MunteanAuthor vitae 《Physical Communication》2011,4(3):156-171
Current and future wireless environments are based on the coexistence of multiple networks supported by various access technologies deployed by different operators. As wireless network deployments increase, their usage is also experiencing a significant growth. In this heterogeneous multi-technology multi-application multi-terminal multi-user environment users will be able to freely connect to any of the available access technologies. Network selection mechanisms will be required in order to keep mobile users “always best connected” anywhere and anytime. In such a heterogeneous environment, game theory techniques can be adopted in order to understand and model competitive or cooperative scenarios between rational decision makers. In this work we propose a theoretical framework for combining reputation-based systems, game theory and network selection mechanism. We define a network reputation factor which reflects the network’s previous behaviour in assuring service guarantees to the user. Using the repeated Prisoner’s Dilemma game, we model the user–network interaction as a cooperative game and we show that by defining incentives for cooperation and disincentives against defecting on service guarantees, repeated interaction sustains cooperation. 相似文献
79.
Xi X Cegla FB Lowe M Thiemann A Nowak T Mettin R Holsteyns F Lippert A 《Ultrasonics》2011,51(8):1014-1025
The use of bubbles in applications such as surface chemistry, drug delivery, and ultrasonic cleaning etc. has been enormously popular in the past two decades. It has been recognized that acoustically-driven bubbles can be used to disturb the flow field near a boundary in order to accelerate physical or chemical reactions on the surface. The interactions between bubbles and a surface have been studied experimentally and analytically. However, most of the investigations focused on violently oscillating bubbles (also known as cavitation bubble), less attention has been given to understand the interactions between moderately oscillating bubbles and a boundary. Moreover, cavitation bubbles were normally generated in situ by a high intensity laser beam, little experimental work has been carried out to study the translational trajectory of a moderately oscillating bubble in an acoustic field and subsequent interactions with the surface. This paper describes the design of an ultrasonic test cell and explores the mechanism of bubble manipulation within the test cell. The test cell consists of a transducer, a liquid medium and a glass backing plate. The acoustic field within the multi-layered stack was designed in such a way that it was effectively one dimensional. This was then successfully simulated by a one dimensional network model. The model can accurately predict the impedance of the test cell as well as the mode shape (distribution of particle velocity and stress/pressure field) within the whole assembly. The mode shape of the stack was designed so that bubbles can be pushed from their injection point onto a backing glass plate. Bubble radial oscillation was simulated by a modified Keller–Miksis equation and bubble translational motion was derived from an equation obtained by applying Newton’s second law to a bubble in a liquid medium. Results indicated that the bubble trajectory depends on the acoustic pressure amplitude and initial bubble size: an increase of pressure amplitude or a decrease of bubble size forces bubbles larger than their resonant size to arrive at the target plate at lower heights, while the trajectories of smaller bubbles are less influenced by these factors. The test cell is also suitable for testing the effects of drag force on the bubble motion and for studying the bubble behavior near a surface. 相似文献
80.
To minimize traffic congestion, understanding how traffic dynamics depend on network structure is necessary. Many real-world complex systems can be described as multilayer structures. In this paper, we introduce the idea of layers to establish a traffic model of two-layer complex networks. By comparing different two-layer complex networks based on random and scale-free networks, we find that the physical layer is much more important to the network capacity of two-layer complex networks than the logical layer. Two-layer complex networks with a homogeneous physical topology are found to be more tolerant to congestion. Moreover, simulation results show that the heterogeneity of logical and physical topologies makes the packet-delivery process of two-layer networks more efficient in the free-flow state, without the occurrence of traffic congestion. 相似文献