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31.
Jinlong Cai Yongtong Xiong Xiang Zhu Jinyu Hu Yunping Wang Junkai Li Jianfeng Wu Qinglai Wu 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(15)
The Kleier model and Carrier-mediated theory are effective for molecularly designing pesticides with phloem mobility. However, the single Kleier model or Carrier-mediated theory cannot achieve a reliable explanation of the phloem mobility of all exogenous substances. A detailed investigation of the two models and the scope of their applications can provide a more accurate and highly efficient basis for the guidance of the design and development of phloem-mobile pesticides. In the present paper, a strategy using active ingredient-amino acid conjugates as mode compounds is developed based on Carrier-mediated theory. An N-alkylated amino acid is used to improve the pesticide’s physicochemical properties following the Kleier model, thus allowing the conjugates to fall on the predicted and more accessible transportation region of phloem. Moreover, the influence of this movement on phloem is inspected by the Kleier model and Carrier-mediated theory. To verify this strategy, a series of N-alkylated phenazine-1-carboxylic acid-glycine compounds (PCA-Gly) were designed and synthesized. The results related to the castor bean seeds (R. communis L.) indicated that all the target compounds (4a–4f) had phloem mobility. The capacity for phloem mobility shows that N-alkylated glycine containing small substituents can significantly improve PCA phloem mobility, such as 4c(i-C3H7-N) > 4a(CH3-N) ≈ 4b(C2H5-N) > 4d (t-C4H9-N) > PCA-Gly > 4e(C6H5-N) > 4f(CH2COOH-N), with an oil–water partition coefficient between 1.2~2.5. In particular, compounds 4a(CH3-N), 4b(C2H5-N), and 4c(i-C3H7-N) present better phloem mobility, with the average concentrations in phloem sap of 14.62 μΜ, 13.98 μΜ, and 17.63 μΜ in the first 5 h, which are 8 to 10 times higher than PCA-Gly (1.71 μΜ). The results reveal that the Kleier model and Carrier-mediated theory play a guiding role in the design of phloem-mobile pesticides. However, the single Kleier model or Carrier-mediated theory are not entirely accurate. Still, there is a synergism between Carrier-mediated theory and the Kleier model for promoting the phloem transport of exogenous compounds. Therefore, we suggest the introduction of endogenous plant compounds as a promoiety to improve the phloem mobility of pesticides through Carrier-mediated theory. It is necessary to consider the improvement of physicochemical properties according to the Kleier model, which can contribute to a scientific theory for developing phloem-mobile pesticides. 相似文献
32.
Andrey Galukhin Ilya Nikolaev Roman Nosov Sergey Vyazovkin 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(11)
This study highlights the value of nonisothermal kinetic methods in selecting temperature conditions for the isothermal preparation of microporous polymeric materials. A dicyanate ester is synthesized and the kinetics of its polymerization in diphenyl sulfone are studied by calorimetry under nonisothermal conditions. The kinetics are analyzed by a model-based approach, using the Kamal model, as well as by a model-free approach, using an advanced isoconversional method. Both approaches correctly predict the time to completion of polymerization at a given temperature. The material prepared independently at the predicted temperature is characterized by electron microscopy and CO2 adsorption measurements and is confirmed to possess a microporous structure with a multimodal distribution of micropores with two major maxima at ~0.5 and 0.8 nm. 相似文献
33.
近年来中国粮食生产出现的“高产量、高库存、高进口”现象,是由于农均耕地面积过小引起的规模经营不足。这背后,是户籍制度造成的城市化滞后以及针对外来人口的公共服务不平等。同时,政府大力补贴农业和农村,提高了农民向城市转移的机会成本,导致土地流转率不足,进一步阻碍规模经营。通过国际比较,我们认为规模化农场有利于提高农业竞争力,而小农经济现代化的成本较高。研究还发现,在世界范围内,农业劳动力转移适应农业产出比重下降的国家拥有更大的农均在(可)耕地,它对农均粮食净出口存在显著正效应。反事实分析说明,若中国2011年的农业就业比重能和产出比重相适应(即消除城乡间劳动力流动障碍),则下一年粮食净输入将下降约89%。 相似文献
34.
N. A. Weir 《辐射效应与固体损伤》2013,168(1):23-27
The effect of self-irradiation of β-tritiated polystyrene under high vacuum at 25°C was studied, and simultaneous random chain scission and cross-linking were observed. Analyses of the gaseous products and the colored polymer residue showed that hydrogen was the only volatile product, while spectroscopic measurements indicated that the coloration was associated with the presence of main-chain double bonds. G values for hydrogen formation GH2, cross-linking, G XL and chain scission, G CS were obtained as follows: GH2=0.031; G CS=0.044; G XL=0.061. Possible mechanisms of radiation damage are discussed. 相似文献
35.
36.
研究齐次线性微分方程f(k)+ak-1(z)f(k-1)+…+a1(z)f′+a0(z)f=0,(k∈N)的有穷级解,其中系数是单位圆D={z:|z|<1}内解析函数。推广了D.Benbourenane和L.R.Sons的一个结果,并利用J.Heittokangas,R.Korhonen和J.Rattya的一个估计式得到了方程解的增长估计的上界,部分改进了Chen Z 相似文献
37.
38.
提出了一种SiC反型层表面粗糙散射的指数模型,并对6H-SiC反型层迁移率进行了单电子的Monte Carlo模拟,模拟中考虑了沟道区的量子化效应.模拟结果表明,采用表面粗糙散射的指数模型能够使SiC反型层迁移率的模拟结果和实验值符合得更好.模拟结果还反映出有效横向电场较高时表面粗糙散射的作用会变得更显著,电子的屏蔽效应降低了粗糙散射对沟道迁移率的影响,温度升高会引起沟道迁移率降低.
关键词:
6H-SiC
反型层迁移率
表面粗糙散射
指数模型 相似文献
39.
基于Shannon-Cosine小波精细积分法的壁画降噪修复方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为修复受破损且噪声点众多的壁画图像,提出了用偏微分方程(partial differential equation,PDE)扩散的方法对图像进行降噪修复。针对PDE法求解精度较低的问题,提出了一种Shannon-Cosine小波精细积分法,运用小波数值方法对偏微分方程进行离散处理,降低其方程组规模,并采用精细积分法求解,有效提高了计算速度。试验结果表明,采用该算法对受损壁画降噪处理后,视觉上,图像边界更清晰,且噪声点得到有效减少,达到了保边降噪的效果,更符合人眼的视觉效果;客观上,与中值滤波、均值滤波和维纳滤波方法相比,采用本算法处理后的图像其PSNR值和SSIM值均最大。因此,运用Shannon-Cosine小波精细积分法求解图像的PDE模型是可行的,取得了较好的图像降噪效果。 相似文献
40.
Sami?I.?MuslihEmail author Hosam?A.?El-Zalan Eqab?M.?Rabei 《International Journal of Theoretical Physics》2005,44(8):1271-1279
In this paper, constrained Hamiltonian systems with linear velocities are investigated by using the Hamilton–Jacobi method.
The integrablity conditions are considered on the equations of motion and the action function as well in order to obtain the
path integral quantization of singular Lagrangians with linear velocities. 相似文献