Nd:GGG晶体荧光寿命的测试

针对Nd:GGG激光器,介绍了荧光寿命测试原理,设计了低频窄脉宽荧光寿命测试系统.该系统由光源、光路系统、驱动电路和探测系统等几部分组成.利用脉冲取样技术测试了Nd:GGG晶体的荧光寿命约为250μs左右.     

热散焦效应对甲烷后向受激喇曼散射的影响

The conversion efficiency of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in CH4 is studied by using a single longitudinal mode second-harmonic Nd:YAG laser (532 nm, linewidth 0.003 cm-1, pulse-width (FWHM) 6.5 ns).Due to the heat release from vibrationally excited particles, SRS processes often suffer from the thermal defocusing effect (TDE). In view of 6.5 ns laser pulse width is much shorter than the vibrational relaxation time of CH4 molecules, TDE can only affect the SRS processes afterwards. In the cases of low laser repetition, TDE will be not serious, because it will be removed by the thermal diffusion in Raman medium before the next pulse arrives. At the laser repetition rate 2 Hz, CH4 pressure 1.1 MPa and pump laser energy 95 m J, the quantum conversion efficiency of backward first-Stokes (BS1) has attained 73%. This represents the highest first-stokes conversion efficiency in CH4. Furthermore, due to the relaxation oscillation, the BS1pulses are narrowed to about 1.2 ns. As a result, the BS1 peak power turns out to be 2.7 times that of the pump. Its beam quality is also much better and is only slightly affected by TDE. This reason is that BS1 represents a wave-front-reversed replica of the pump beam, which can compensate the thermal distortions in Raman amplify process. Under the same conditions, but pump laser repetition rate as 10 Hz, the conversion efficiency of BS1 goes down to 36% due to TDE. From this study, we expect that a well-behaved 630 nm Raman laser may be designed by using a closed CH4/He circulating-cooling system, which may have some important applications.     

晶粒尺寸对Pr0.5(Ca0.47Ba0.03)MnO3中台阶效应的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同颗粒尺寸的Pr0.5(Ca0.47Ba0.03)MnO3多晶样品.对样品进行电阻测量发现,随颗粒边界的减小,其电阻率随磁场的变化即ρ(H)曲线上台阶数目和位置发生变化;实验同时发现,热循环对样品低温下的基态也有很大的影响.实验结果表明,颗粒尺寸大小,可以有效地调节反铁磁相(AFM)和铁磁相(FM)之间的相互作用,从而对台阶效应产生影响.进一步证明了台阶效应与相应力有关.     

Cr掺杂对Nd0.7Sr0.3MnO3电磁性质的影响

我们对多晶样品Nd0.7Sr0.3Mn1-xCrxO3(x≤0.30)进行了X射线衍射谱、电阻温度关系和磁化强度测量.实验发现:随Cr掺杂量的增加,样品的电阻率变大,电阻峰温度和居里温度降低,这是由Cr的介入弱化了双交换作用所致;在x=0.10附近,电阻出现了双峰现象,在其M~T上没有发现与低温峰对应的磁性异常;在锰位磁矩与Cr含量的关系中发现,Cr掺杂对样品的磁性几乎无贡献;通过分析,我们用相分离的图象解释了有关的现象.     

蓝色长余辉光致荧光粉的研究

高温固相反应合成了蓝色长余辉光致荧光材料CaAl2O4∶Eu2 ,Nd3 ,La3 ,激发后在暗室中观察,余辉的颜色为蓝色。进行了添加辅助激活剂的实验,首次在CaAl2O4∶Eu2 ,Nd3 中添加La3 。测定了该长余辉材料的激发光谱、发射光谱、余辉亮度和可视余辉时间,并对长余辉发光机理进行了探讨。余辉发射光谱的峰值波长为440nm,可视余辉时间达到18h以上。波长为280~380nm的光都可将该材料激发。实验结果表明,添加辅助激活剂La3 ,延长了CaAl2O4∶Eu2 ,Nd3 的可视余辉时间。在CaAl2O4∶Eu2 ,Nd3 ,La3 中,Eu2 是发光离子,Nd3 和La3 是辅助激活剂,发射光谱由Eu2 的激发态4f65d到基态4f7的电子跃迁产生。     

喷流冷却复合陶瓷薄片激光器的热特性仿真分析及实验研究

为分析喷流冷却复合陶瓷薄片激光器的热特性,设计用于冷却复合陶瓷薄片的喷流冷却系统.利用湍流换热理论和计算流体动力学仿真方法建立喷流冷却复合陶瓷薄片激光器的流固耦合热仿真模型,定义评价其冷却能力和冷却均匀性的定量参数.根据该仿真模型得到喷流冷却系统的最优设计参数,并进行实验验证.使用163孔喷板,流量为0.2kg/s,入口温度为20℃,在1200 W泵浦时获得359 W激光输出功率,并测得复合陶瓷薄片上表面的最高温度为92℃.激光输出功率与复合陶瓷薄片上表面温度均与泵浦功率呈近似正线性关系,且温度的实验值与仿真值相符度较高.     

Enhanced magnetocaloric effect in Eu-doped La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 compounds

Orthorhombic La_0.7-xEu_xCa_0.3MnO₃ samples (x = 0.04–0.12) with apparent density of ρ = 3.9–4.1 g/cm³ prepared by solid-state reactions have been studied. The analysis of temperature-dependent magnetization for an applied field H = 500 Oe indicated a decrease of the Curie temperature (T_C) from about 225 K for x = 0.04 through 189 K for x = 0.08–146 K for x = 0.12. The magnetocaloric (MC) study upon analyzing M(H, T) data has revealed that the magnetic entropy change around T_C reaches the maximum (|ΔS_max|), which is dependent on both x and H. For an applied field interval of ΔH = 60 kOe, |ΔS_max| values are about 5.88, 4.93, and 4.71 J/kg⋅K for x = 0.04, 0.08, and 0.12, respectively. Though |ΔS_max| decreases with increasing x, relative cooling power (RCP) increases remarkably from 383 J/kg for x = 0.04 to about 428 J/kg for x = 0.08 and 0.12. This is related to the widening of the ferromagnetic-paramagnetic transition region when x increases. Particularly, if combining two compounds with x = 0.04 and 0.08 (or 0.12) as refrigerant blocks for MC applications, a cooling device can work in a large temperature range of 145–270 K, corresponding to RCP ≈ 640 J/kg for H = 60 kOe. M(H) analyses around T_C have proved x = 0.04 exhibiting the mixture of first- and second-order phase transitions while x = 0.08 and 0.12 exhibit a second-order nature. The obtained results show potential applications of Eu-doped La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ materials for magnetic refrigeration below room temperature.     

氟化锶／氧化钕催化剂的甲烷氧化偶联性能及其吸附氧物种的原位FTIR光谱研究

氟化锶／氧化钕催化剂的甲烷氧化偶联性能及其吸附氧物种的原位ＦＴＩＲ光谱研究龙瑞强，万惠霖，赖华龙，蔡启瑞（厦门大学化学系固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室，厦门，３６１００５）关键词甲烷氧化偶联，氟化锶／氧化钕，吸附氧物种近年来，甲烷氧化偶联（ＯＣＭ）的...     

La（Ⅲ）、Nd（Ⅲ）与甜菜碱类衍生物形成的包含（H2O）6分子簇的配合物的晶体结构

利用配体1,5-二(3-羧基吡啶基)-N-甲基二乙胺(L)合成2种稀土金属配合物{[La2L4(H2O)2](ClO4)6·6H2O}n(1)和[Nd2L4(DMF)6(H2O)2]2(ClO4)6·4H2O(2)。用红外光谱和X-射线单晶衍射表征配合物的晶体结构。结构分析表明:配合物1属于三斜晶系,P1空间群,其晶胞参数为a=1.496 6(3)nm,b=1.559 7(4)nm,c=1.956 8(4)nm,α=86.776(6)°,β=77.723(7)°,γ=87.168(7)°,Z=2。在配合物1中,一对La髥原子被2个羧基桥联,形成双核结构;双核结构进一步被羧基连接,从而形成平行于c轴的一维链。值得注意的是配合物1的晶体结构中包含着由氢键连接的6个H2O分子组成的水分子簇。配合物2属于三斜晶系,P1空间群,晶胞参数为a=1.040 8(4)nm,b=1.354 1(5)nm,c=2.975(1)nm,α=94.390(8)°,β=91.720(7)°,γ=95.230(4)°,Z=2。配合物2中4个羧基连接一对Nd髥原子,形成四轮状结构,其中2个羧基采取syn-syn双原子桥联模式,而其余2个羧基则采取单原子桥联模式。     

大尺寸掺钕和掺铥铝酸钇晶体的生长和退火技术

通过分析铝酸钇(YAP)晶体产生孪晶、开裂、色心和弥散性散射的原因,探讨了克服这些缺陷和问题的技术途径.采用提拉法生长了b轴方向的掺钕和掺铥铝酸钇(Nd:YAP和Tm:YAP)晶体,通过温场系统、生长工艺参数和切割工艺的优化,克服了晶体开裂的问题,晶体直径达到46mm;通过真空退火工艺,既显著减轻了紫外和可见区的色心吸收,又减小了晶体的应力,有助于克服晶体在加工过程中的开裂问题.晶体生长实验和晶体的显微观察表明:YAP晶体中的弥散状散射很可能同熔体中组分的均匀性有关,通过增大晶体的直径,增强强迫对流有助于减轻晶体中的弥散状散射.高质量b轴Nd:YAP和a轴Tm:YAP晶体已分别实现二极管泵浦大于140W的1.079μm和大于10W的1.99μm激光输出.