Laser polishing of additive manufactured Ti alloys

Laser-based additive manufacturing has attracted much attention as a promising 3D printing method for metallic components in recent years. However, surface roughness of additive manufactured components has been considered as a challenge to achieve high performance. In this work, we demonstrate the capability of fiber laser in polishing rough surface of additive manufactured Ti-based alloys as Ti-6Al-4V and TC11. Both as-received surface and laser-polished surfaces as well as cross-section subsurfaces were analyzed carefully by White-Light Interference, Confocal Microscope, Focus Ion Beam, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectrometer, and X-ray Diffraction. Results revealed that as-received Ti-based alloys with surface roughness more than 5 µm could be reduce to less than 1 µm through laser polishing process. Moreover, microstructure, microhardness and wear resistance of laser-polished zone was investigated in order to examine the thermal effect of laser polishing processing on the substrate of additive manufactured Ti alloys. This proof-of-concept process has the potential to effectively improve the surface roughness of additive manufactured metallic alloy by local polishing method without damage to the substrate.     

The effects of organoclay on the morphology and mechanical properties of PAI/clay nanocomposites coatings prepared by the ultrasonication assisted process

In this research, solvent based polyamide – imide (PAI)/clay nanocomposites were prepared successfully using the solution dispersion technique. With the assistance of the ultrasonic wave, the effect of the ultrasonic wave time on the microstructure of 3 wt% PAI/C20A nanocomposite (NC) was investigated. Then, the best ultrasonic parameters were selected and the effects of the concentration of Cloisite 20A (C20A) (1, 3 and 5 wt% C20A) on the microstructure and mechanical properties (adhesion, hardness, flexibility, wear and impact) of NCs were investigated. The PAI, C20A and nanocomposites (NC)s were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), and Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). The results showed that the sample with 1 and 3 wt% C20A had better mechanical properties, as compared to the pure PAI and the 5 wt% NC.     

Characterization of microarc oxidation coatings formed on AM60B magnesium alloy in silicate and phosphate electrolytes

Microarc oxidation coatings on AM60B magnesium alloy were prepared in silicate and phosphate electrolytes. Structure, composition, mechanical property, tribological, and corrosion resistant characteristics of the coatings was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microhardness analyses, and by ball-on-disc friction and potentiodynamic corrosion testing. It is found that the coating produced from the silicate electrolyte is compact and uniform and is mainly composed of MgO and forsterite Mg₂SiO₄ phases, while the one formed in phosphate electrolyte is relatively porous and is mainly composed of MgO phase. The thick coating produced from a silicate electrolyte possesses a high hardness and provides a low wear rate (3.55 × 10⁻⁵ mm³/Nm) but a high friction coefficient against Si₃N₄ ball. A relatively low hardness and friction coefficient while a high wear rate (8.65 × 10⁻⁵ mm³/Nm) is recorded during the testing of the thick coating produced from a phosphate electrolyte. Both of these types of coatings provide effective protection for the corrosion resistance compared with the uncoated magnesium alloy. The coating prepared from the silicate electrolyte demonstrates better corrosion behavior due to the compacter microstructure.     

避雷器电阻片测试系统设计

采用工业PC机与可编程控制器、示波器、直流仪等设备设计了避雷器电阻片测试系统,阐述了本系统的控制流程及逻辑关系,用图形化编程语言编写了上位机软件,完成了避雷器电阻片在 U_1mA及0.75U_1mA下的漏电流等参数的测试,并对电阻片测试过程中的电压峰值、电流峰值进行采集存储,还存储了电阻片在整个测试过程中的能量,方便以后对测试过程中损坏的阀片进行能量、电流峰值、电压峰值方面的分析,对系统进行了初步的试验,结果表明该系统运行效果良好,实现了避雷器电阻片出厂前的测试,提高了测试效率。     

Molecular Dynamics Studies on Ballistic Thermal Resistance of Graphene Nano-Junctions

Ballistic thermal resistance of graphene nano-junctions is investigated using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation. The simulation system is consisted of two symmetrical trapezoidal or rectangular graphene nanoribbons(GNRs) and a connecting nanoscale constriction in between. From the simulated temperature profile, a big temperature jump resulted from the constriction is found, which is proportional to the heat current and corresponds to a local ballistic thermal resistance. Fixing the constriction width and the length of GNRs, this ballistic thermal resistance is independent of the width of the GNRs bottom layer, i.e., the convex angle. But interestingly, this thermal resistance has obvious size effect. It is inversely proportional to the constriction width and will disappear with the constriction being wider. Moreover, based on the phonon dynamics theory, a theoretical model of the ballistic thermal resistance in two-dimensional nano-systems is developed, which gives a good explanation on microcosmic level and agrees well with the simulation result quantitatively and qualitatively.     

Analytical and empirical studies on the characteristic resistances of no-insulation GdBCO racetrack pancake coil under various operating currents

This paper presents the effects of the Lorentz force on the electrical behaviors of the no-insulation (NI) GdBCO racetrack pancake (RP) coil without turn-to-turn insulation by performing charging/discharging and sudden-discharging tests. The simulation results of the 2-dimensional finite element method showed that the Lorentz forces were generated towards the center of the winding pack consisting of 60-turn GdBCO CCs, which could enhanced the turn-to-turn contact within the RP coil. The charging/discharging test results indicated that the characteristic resistance (R_c) of the NI RP coil decreased with increasing operating current, which was caused by an increase of the Lorentz force. Further, the results of the sudden-discharging tests exhibited that the Lorentz force was dissipated instantly during the sudden-discharge of the coil, since the operating current immediately decreased to zero. Overall, this study clearly demonstrated that the Lorentz force induced by the operating current exerts the electrical behaviors of an NI RP coil.     

实验室温度域内炭纤维阻温特性的研究

本文通过测试中模高强炭纤维的比电阻与测定温度的关系 ,分析了炭纤维的电性能 ,并给予了微观解释。     

甲醇在不同形态ZrO2上吸附行为的FTIR研究

用FTIR技术考察了甲醇在不同形态氧化锆上的吸附和活化转化行为.甲醇吸附在无定型和四方氧化锆上生成线式和桥式甲氧基物种,而在单斜氧化锆上还出现锥桥式甲氧基物种.在单斜和无定性氧化锆上的桥式羟基活泼而四方氧化锆上的线式羟基活泼.氧化锆表面吸附的甲氧基物种在晶格氧的作用下进一步转化,在单斜和无定性氧化锆上生成甲酸盐,并且可以进一步氧化为碳酸盐物种;而在四方氧化锆表面,甲氧基物种可以直接氧化为碳酸盐物种,这表明四方氧化锆的晶格氧比其他两种氧化锆上的更为活泼.     

Thermal resistance matrix representation of thermal effects and thermal design in multi-finger power heterojunction bipolar transistors

The thermal resistance matrix including self-heating thermal resistance and thermal coupling resistance is presented to describe the thermal effects of multi-finger power heterojunction bipolar transistors. The dependence of thermal resistance matrix on finger spacing is also investigated. It is shown that both self-heating thermal resistance and thermal coupling resistance are lowered by increasing the finger spacing, in which the downward dissipated heat path is widened and the heat flow from adjacent fingers is effectively suppressed. The decrease of self-heating thermal resistance and thermal coupling resistance is helpful for improving the thermal stability of power devices. Furthermore, with the aid of the thermal resistance matrix, a 10-finger power heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) with non-uniform finger spacing is designed for high thermal stability. The optimized structure can effectively lower the peak temperature while maintaining a uniformity of the temperature profile at various biases and thus the device effectively may operate at a higher power level.     

Effect of surface nanocrystallization induced by fast multiple rotation rolling on hardness and corrosion behavior of 316L stainless steel

A nanostructured layer was fabricated by using fast multiple rotation rolling (FMRR) on the surface of 316L stainless steel. The microstructure in the surface was characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The effects of FMRR on the microhardness, surface roughness and corrosion behavior of the stainless steel were investigated by microhardness measurements, surface roughness measurements, potentiodynamic polarization curves and pitting corrosion tests. The surface morphologies of pitting corrosion specimens were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that FMRR can cause surface nanocrystallization with the grain size ranges from 6 to 24 nm in the top surface layer of the sample. The microhardness of FMRR specimen in the top surface layer remarkably increases from 190 to 530 HV. However, the surface roughness slightly rises after FMRR treatment. The potentiodynamic polarization curves and pitting corrosion tests indicated that the FMRR treated 316L stainless steel with a surface nanocrystallized layer reduced the corrosion resistance in a 3.5% NaCl solution and enhanced the pitting corrosion rate in a FeCl₃ solution. Possible reasons leading to the decrease in corrosion resistance were discussed.