The pentacene films on the glass/ITO surface: structure and optical properties

Abstract

The structure, morphology and optical transmittance spectra of pentacene films on the (glass/ITO) surface were studied. The films were grown by two methods - the thermal vacuum deposition (TVD) and pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The electron diffraction pattern from thermally deposited pentacene films confirms their polycrystalline structure while the diffraction pattern of PLD-coated layers has a diffusion character. The results obtained showed that layers deposited by the TVD method has an optical spectrum that is characteristic for the pentacene film in contrary to the layers deposited by the PLD method. It is found a sensitivity of the optical transmittance of pentacene films to the ammonia action, which may be used for development the optical gas sensor.     

Time domain measurement of dispersion in optical fibres

A time domain dispersion measurement apparatus was successfully built and tested at the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras. This instrument can measure directly the pulse broadening in a multimode optical fibre. The basic dispersion mechanisms in optical fibres and the design details of the system are discussed.     

干细胞迁移机理的近场扫描光学显微术研究

将内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)置于甲基纤维素碟中形成VEGF的浓度梯度分布,并将人脐带间充质干细胞(Mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)于此浓度梯度中培养,观察VEGF能否诱导MSCs定向迁移。应用近场扫描光学显微术(Near-field scanning optical microscopy,NSOM)同时获取了VEGF诱导前后的MSCs的形貌和光学信息。结果表明,近场光学图观测到形貌图上所没有的黑色斑点,分析认为这些黑斑为细胞的黏着斑。近场光学图显示经过VEGF诱导后细胞的黏着斑数量明显增加。同时,对诱导前后干细胞的骨架蛋白进行免疫荧光标记并用共聚焦显微镜进行观察,结果表明细胞骨架由诱导前的无序状态转变为诱导后的有序状态,说明诱导后的干细胞处于迁移状态。光学超微结构图则显示了诱导后干细胞表面的光学细节比诱导前细胞大量增加,出现了大量直径约200 nm的光斑,这是由于细胞表面大量分泌黏附分子等蛋白分子引起的,这些结果为VEGF能够诱导MSCs进行定向迁移提供了实验依据和可视化证明。也表明NSOM不但能提供高分辨的光学分辨率,还可提供生物细胞精细结构的更深层次的光学信息。     

A novel method for making ultra-fine metal fibers and particles

A novel method based on plastic processing and equipment for preparing ultra-fine metal fibers and particles is reported. With this new method, metal fibers and particles can both be produced on the same equipment and the surfaces of the fibers and particles can be protected from oxidation by the polymers or solvents during the preparation process. Metal-alloy powders with lower melt point were filled into polymer by an extruder, followed by a die-drawing process at a temperature lower than the melt temperature of the metal alloy. Metal fibers or particles were obtained after the polymer matrix was washed away. Metal alloy fibers can be obtained when a polymer that strongly interacts with metal alloy, such as a special polyvinyl alcohol with a low alcoholysis degree, is used as the polymer matrix. Metal-alloy particles can be obtained when a polymer with weak interaction with metal alloy, such as polyethylene (PE), is used as the polymer matrix. Based on the principle of this new method, it is possible to produce finer or even nano-sized metal fibers and particles with higher melting points.     

光纤传感器和压电作动片对薄板振动控制的分析

利用双模模态域光纤传感器的模间干涉感知薄板结构中应变的变化、获得薄板结构振动变化状况，进一步利用压电体作为动元件，减小振幅，实现振动的主动控制，采用振型叠加法和直接积分相结合的方法，从理论上论证薄板分别受到正弦波激振力，脉冲激振力和方波激振力时的振动主动控制，并由脉冲激振下的响应得到控制前后的幅频特性曲线和相频特性曲线．。     

聚酰亚胺复合材料的摩擦性能及其机理研究

研究了含有固体润滑剂的炭纤维增强 PI复合材料在干摩擦和水润滑 2种状态下的摩擦磨损性能及其磨损机理 .结果表明 ,在水润滑条件下 ,摩擦系数和磨损率都有不同程度的降低 ,其中含 PTFE的炭纤维增强 PI复合材料的耐磨性最佳 ,最低磨损率为 9.9× 10 - 7mm3/ N· m.其主要原因可能与材料存在极性酰胺基团有关 ,酰胺基易通过氢键与水分子结合 ,在摩擦表面形成水吸附膜 ,使摩擦表面直接接触减少 ,从而改善材料的摩擦磨损性能     

低温环境下光纤位移传感器测试系统的实验研究

作者进行了光纤位移传感器在低温环境下的实验研究，分析了传感器的原理，测试了其室温、液氮温度下的静态传输特性，并进行了标定。实验时采取的参考光强度补偿的措施，消除了光源、光纤衰减等波动对测试结果的影响。利用本传感器系统测试了19芯纯Ag包套的高温超导带材Bi222在液氮温度下的应力－应变关系，以及应力－临界电流之间的关系，结果与理论分析相一致。实验结果表明，该传感器可以在液氮温度下正常工作，且具有测量范围大、测试精度高等优点，同时还克服了低温应变片仅能测试出复合材料基体或者包套应变的缺点。     

几种高性能纤维束的冲击动力学性能实验研究

利用直拉式Hopkinson装置研究了碳纤维、无碱E玻璃纤维、Kevlar 4 9/96 4 /96 4c、Twaron2 0 0 0、DyneemaSk6 6等纤维的动态拉伸性能。与准静态加载条件下相比 ,纤维束的拉伸强度基本与应变速率无关(玻璃纤维除外 ) ,而纤维束的弹性模量和失效应变随应变率的升高而明显变大。从高分子物理以及两种无机纤维的内部微观结构特征对纤维的力学性能与加载速率的关系进行了初步的物理阐释。讨论了实验数据的发散原因。     

填充聚醚醚酮复合材料在水润滑下的摩擦学特性研究

研究了水润滑下炭纤维、石墨及聚四氟乙烯填充聚醚醚酮复合材料与不锈钢对摩时的摩擦磨损性能，利用扫描电子显微镜观察分析了磨损表面和磨屑形貌，利用X射线能量色散谱仪分析了磨损表面的元素组成．结果表明：炭纤维含量对摩擦副的摩擦系数影响不大，磨损率随着炭纤维含量的增加而减小；随着载荷增大，摩擦系数先降低而后升高，当载荷较小时，填充聚醚醚酮复合材料的磨损率随载荷增大而缓慢增加，当载荷超过一定值后，磨损率急剧增加；填充聚醚醚酮复合材料在较低载荷下主要呈现疲劳磨损特征，在较高载荷下主要呈现微切削特征．     

光学干涉计量中的位相测量方法

对光学干涉计量中常用的位相测量方法进行了综述,包括时间相移法、空间相移法、空间载波相移法和Fourier变换法以及位相展开问题。