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201.
B. Buonaguidi P. Muliere 《Stochastics An International Journal of Probability and Stochastic Processes》2016,88(7):1099-1113
We study the Bayesian problem of sequential testing of two simple hypotheses about the Lévy-Khintchine triplet of a Lévy process, having diffusion component, represented by a Brownian motion with drift, and jump component of finite variation. The method of proof consists of reducing the original optimal stopping problem to a free-boundary problem. We show it is characterized by a second order integro-differential equation, that the unknown value function solves on the continuation region, and by the smooth fit principle, which holds at the unknown boundary points. Several examples are presented. 相似文献
202.
Melt blending with the application of epoxy compound ADR-4368 as a chain extender was used to chemically modify polypropylene carbonate (PPC). 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and tests using a universal material testing machine, a gas permeability tester, a water vapor permeability tester and other instruments were used to assess changes in the chemical structure, thermal and mechanical properties, and barrier efficacy of PPC before and after modification.The epoxy group in ADR-4368 reacted with the terminal hydroxyl group in PPC, considerably enhancing its mechanical properties, thermal stability and barrier efficacy to O2 and CO2. With the addition of 1% ADR-4368, the glass transition temperature of PPC was increased from 17 °C to 26.9 °C, while the thermal decomposition temperature (T−5%) of PPC was increased from 177.3 °C to 240.6 °C. Moreover, the tensile strength of the modified PPC was improved from 3.3 MPa to 20.7 MPa. 相似文献
203.
根据2013年5月(春季)和8月(夏季)莱州湾海水环境要素的调查资料,通过主成分分析提取了3个主成分,累计表达原数据矩阵78.57%的信息,然后分别利用监测要素和主成分综合得分的层次聚类分析筛选出监控指标,并确定了水质污染状况及主要污染区域.结果表明,2013年莱州湾水质春季和夏季较差,导致水质状况恶化的主要要素是溶解无机氮,水质污染程度在时间和空间上存在较大差异,总体上春季海水污染程度高于夏季,莱州湾西侧和南侧处于严重污染或中度污染水平,因此常规监测中应重点关注化学需氧量、无机氮、叶绿素a和石油类这4个指标. 相似文献
204.
使用氯化亚锡/对甲苯磺酸(SnCl2/TSA)复合催化剂对聚乳酸熔融/固相聚合进行研究,通过使用乌氏粘度法,傅里叶变换红外光谱分析、差示扫描量热法对聚乳酸产品进行表征及分析。结果表明:聚乳酸熔融聚合过程中,使用的复合催化剂总含量为0.6%(wt)(SnCl_2和TSA分别为0.3%(wt)),能获得较高分子量的聚乳酸低聚物。使用单一组分0.5wt%的SnCl_2作催化剂,以熔融聚合获得的低聚物为原料进行固相聚合后,获得的聚乳酸粘均分子量是熔融聚合的3.7倍,且其相对分子量能达到最大值。 相似文献
205.
Screening anaphylactic components of MaiLuoNing injection by using rat basophilic leukemia‐2H3 cell membrane chromatography coupled with HPLC–ESI‐TOF‐MS
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Shengli Han Yanni Lv Wenjing Xue Jiao Cao Ronghua Cui Tao Zhang 《Journal of separation science》2016,39(3):466-472
MaiLuoNing injection is a traditional Chinese medicine that used clinically since the 1950s in China. However, anaphylactic reactions, through the potentiation of mast cell degranulation, have been reported. In the present study, a rat basophilic leukemia‐2H3 cell membrane chromatography coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization‐ion trap‐time of flight‐mass spectrometry method was established for screening, analyzing, and identifying the potential anaphylactic components of MaiLuoNing injection. Harpagoside, a potential degranulator of rat basophilic leukemia‐2H3 cells, was retained in rat basophilic leukemia‐2H3 cell membrane chromatography. We aimed to evaluate the retained components to determine which of those were capable of inducing degranulation of basophilic leukemia cells. A β‐hexosaminidase assay revealed that harpagoside can induce rat basophilic leukemia‐2H3 cell degranulation in a dose‐dependent manner. BLBA/c mice also exhibit passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in response to harpagoside. These results indicate that rat basophilic leukemia‐2H3 cell membrane chromatography coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization ion trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry is effective in screening for the anaphylactic components of MaiLuoNing injection. 相似文献
206.
Simultaneous quantitation of 14 active components in Yinchenhao decoction by using ultra high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection: Method development and ingredient analysis of different commonly prepared samples
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YaXiong Yi Yong Zhang Lu Lu Tong Zhang Yuan Zhao XiaoJun Xu YuXin Zhang 《Journal of separation science》2016,39(21):4147-4157
We developed a novel quantitative analysis method based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection for the simultaneous determination of the 14 main active components in Yinchenhao decoction. All components were separated on an Agilent SB‐C18 column by using a gradient solvent system of acetonitrile/0.1% phosphoric acid solution at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min for 35 min. Subsequently, linearity, precision, repeatability, and accuracy tests were implemented to validate the method. Furthermore, the method has been applied for compositional difference analysis of 14 components in eight normal‐extraction Yinchenhao decoction samples, accompanied by hierarchical clustering analysis and similarity analysis. The result that all samples were divided into three groups based on different contents of components demonstrated that extraction methods of decocting, refluxing, ultrasonication and extraction solvents of water or ethanol affected component differentiation, and should be related to its clinical applications. The results also indicated that the sample prepared by patients in the family by using water extraction employing a casserole was almost same to that prepared using a stainless‐steel kettle, which is mostly used in pharmaceutical factories. This research would help patients to select the best and most convenient method for preparing Yinchenhao decoction. 相似文献
207.
Congjian Sun Yaning Chen Weihong Li Randy L. Stotler Yongqing Zhang 《Isotopes in environmental and health studies》2016,52(3):281-297
By using 233 isotope samples, we investigated the spatial and temporal variations of δ18O and δ2H in precipitation and surface water, and the contribution of different water sources in the rivers within the Tarim River Basin (TRB), which receives snow/glacier meltwater, groundwater, and rainfall. Our study revealed a similar seasonal pattern of precipitation δ18O and δ2H at both the north and south edges of the basin, indicating the dominant effect of westerly air masses in the summer and the combined influence of westerly and polar air masses during the winter, although the southern part showed more complex precipitation processes in the summer. River water in the basin has relatively large temporal variations in both δ18O and δ2H showing a distinct seasonal pattern with lower isotope values in May than in September. Higher d-excess values throughout the year in the Aksu river and the Tizinafu river suggest that water may be intensively recycled in the mountains of the TRB. Based on isotopic hydrograph separation, we found that groundwater is the main water source that discharges the entire basin although individual rivers vary. 相似文献
208.
209.
Sowa MG Popescu DP Werner J Hewko M Ko AC Payette J Dong CC Cleghorn B Choo-Smith LP 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2007,387(5):1613-1619
The demineralization of enamel that is associated with early caries formation affects the optical properties of the enamel.
Polarized Raman spectroscopy and optical coherence tomography have been used to detect these changes and potentially offer
a means to detect and monitor early caries development. The total optical attenuation coefficient as measured by optical coherence
tomography and the polarization anisotropy of the Raman peak arising from the symmetric ν1 vibration of at approximately 959 cm−1 have been demonstrated as being sensitive markers of early caries. This ex vivo study on extracted human teeth demonstrates
that these measurements can be made with reasonable precision with concomitantly good repeatability and reproducibility in
sound enamel. Such reliability is crucial for these techniques to have a practical clinical value. 相似文献
210.
Albert A. Smith 《European Polymer Journal》2007,43(2):425-459
The age-old idea of “like dissolves like” requires a notion of “likeness” that is hard to quantify for polymers. We revisit the concepts of pure component cohesive energy density cP and mutual cohesive energy density c12 so that they can be extended to polymers. We recognize the inherent limitations of c12 due to its very definition, which is based on the assumption of no volume of mixing (true for incompressible systems), one of the assumptions in the random mixing approximation (RMA); no such limitations are present in the identification of cP. We point out that the other severe restriction on c12 is the use of pure components in its definition because of which c12 is not merely controlled by mutual interactions. Another quantity as a measure of mutual cohesive energy density that does not suffer from the above limitations of c12 is introduced. It reduces to c12 in the RMA limit. We are able to express in terms of c12 and pure component cP’s. We also revisit the concept of the internal pressure and its relationship with the conventional and the newly defined cohesive energy densities. In order to investigate volume of mixing effects, we introduce two different mixing processes in which volume of mixing remains zero. We then carry out a comprehensive reanalysis of various quantities using a recently developed recursive lattice theory that has been tested earlier and has been found to be more accurate than the conventional regular solution theory such as the Flory-Huggins theory for polymers. In the RMA limit, our recursive theory reduces to the Flory-Huggins theory or its extension for a compressible blend. Thus, it supersedes the Flory-Huggins theory. Consequently, the conclusions based on our theory are more reliable and should prove useful. 相似文献