Micelles of SDS Surfactants in Concentrated NaCl Solutions

We investigated the aggregation behavior of rod-like micelles of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in concentrated NaCl solution by quasi-elastic light scattering (QLS) and viscosity measurement over a range of temperature (25 °C to 50 °C) and NaCl concentration. The reduced viscosity of aqueous SDS in the presence of NaCl has been measured by an Ubbelohde-type capillary viscometer. We show mean hydrodynamic radius of micelles can be determined from viscosity data. We also determined mean hydrodynamic radius using quasi-elastic light scattering. Micellar size decreases with increasing temperature, whereas it increases with increasing ionic strength. The results of viscosity and dynamic light-scattering measurements are interpreted as the extension of length of rod-like micelles. We compare viscosity and light scattering experimental results.     

MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THERMOTROPIC LIQUID CRYSTALLINE POLYESTER——MORPHOLOGY OF SHEAR ORIENTED FILMS

The morphology of shear-oriented films of a thermotropic liquid crystalline polyester containing a triad ester mesogenic unit and a flexible spacer has been investigated in details. The formation conditions and process, the fine structures and the relaxation process of mat structure in the oriented films have been observed and discussed.     

亚微米光栅型导光板设计

提出了利用亚微米光栅制作导光板的方法,给出亚微米光栅型导光板的初始结构.用严格耦合波理论计算分析了在满足基底全反射条件的45°入射角下红(700 nm)、绿(555 nm)、蓝(465 nm)三色光垂直出射的亚微米光栅(0.651μm、0.516μm、0.433μm)在槽深0.05~0.9μm之间变化时,透射衍射效率在2%~43%之间变化.分析了亚微米光栅的作用,做出性能评价,并研究了特定范围入射角引起的衍射角变化.     

激光湍流大气传输数值模拟中计算参量的选取

根据抽样原则、湍流介质特性、湍流效应和光传播效应等全面分析了网格间距、相屏间距和网格数目等关键计算参量选取的基本要求.通过数值计算,分析各种要求的可行性,表明在具体的数值模拟过程中,并非所有要求都能同时满足,若严格按照要求选择计算参量,所需的计算量常超出计算机负荷范围.结合具体数值计算,综合考虑计算机承受能力和计算准确度,给出了一种可靠实用的计算参量选取思路和方案.     

晶体偏光棱镜光强透射比研究

在菲涅耳公式、相位匹配条件和多光束干涉理论的基础上,将晶体偏光棱镜的各参量表示为合理的几何模型,得出了光强透射比随空间入射角的变化关系,并设计了验证光强透射比的实验,实验结果和理论推导相一致.结果表明：胶合层间的多光束干涉对棱镜光强透射比的影响不可忽略,对于空气隙型偏光棱镜,由于空气隙间多光束干涉的影响,光强透射比随任意角度变化较大,而用胶合介质胶合的棱镜,其透射比对空间入射角不是很敏感.     

锥形光纤中光波传输特性的蒙特卡罗模拟

为了分析锥形光纤中光子流的传输特性和空间分布特性,采用了蒙特卡罗算法对其进行了模拟仿真,得到了大量光子经过锥形光纤后的光子分布图.模拟实验结果表明,通过锥形光纤的大量光子集中在探测器中心,到达探测器某一位置的光子数随着该位置到探测器中心距离的增加而减少,并且在锥形光纤锥度比一定的条件下,改变锥形光纤长度,光强度随着长度的增加而下降,但通过锥形光纤的光子分布是一样的.这些研究结果对锥形光纤的设计和实际应用提供了重要依据.     

几种典型轻杂质非日冕辐射的计算与分析

利用Hulse原子速率系数代码和简单的0维模型,计算了聚变实验装置中几种典型轻杂质的非日冕辐射特性的结果,并分析了它们辐射的特点。     

基于微扰近似的圆锥表面光散射*

由Hueygen原理出发,介绍了粗糙表面的光散射特性.基于微扰近似,在不考虑遮蔽效应和圆锥顶点的散射情况下,分析了圆锥物体的光散射特性,推导了圆锥物体对平面光的散射场解析表达式.计算了圆锥表面在高度起伏均方根不同情况下对1.06μm光波的散射,并且得到了入射角一定的情况下,不同观察方向的散射光强分布曲线.结果表明,在观察方位角不变时,圆锥的散射光强随观察角顶角的增加先增大后减小|在观测方位角一定时,散射光强随高度起伏均方根的增加而减小,且随观察方位角呈对称分布.     

基于不规则衍射理论的冰晶粒子的光散射研究(英文)

在不规则衍射理论的基础上,分析了从可见光到近红外波段冰晶粒子的光散射特性。计算了粒子尺度为20μm,50μm,80μm的五种典型冰晶粒子的消光效率因子和吸收效率因子。最后,为了评估不规则衍射理论的精确性,与有限时域差分法和几何光学法进行了比较。     

Computer Simulation of a 3-D Sensing System with Structured Illumination

A computer simulation system of three-dimensional sensing with structured illumination is presented. It includes the generation of deformed fringe patterns from 3-D shapes and the reconstruction of 3-D shapes, conversely. Some experimental results of the deformed fringe pattern and the reconstructed object shapes are presented. We have also discussed the effect of some major system parameters on the measurement results and considered how to correct these parameters according to the measurement result of the standard plane. Using this simulation system, the major system parameters: environmental conditions, measurement accuracy and algorithm evaluation of the 3-D shape measurement system based on PMP, FTP, SPM, etc., can be researched. © 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.