高精度绝对式光电轴角编码器

本文介绍高精度绝对式19-bit、21-bit光电轴角编码器的工作原理、具体结构、精度和可靠性等.采用移相电阻链细分和分段多次校正的方法对提高绝对式编码器的分辨率、精度和可靠性是有效的手段之一.检测结果:19-bit编码器的分辨率准确度σ=±0.6″ ,测角准确变σ=±1.2″;21-bit编码器的分辨率准确度σ=±0.2″,测角准确度,σ=±0.62″.其中,19-bit绝对式编码器早已用于光测设备中.     

次条纹积分干涉计量

叙述了次条纹积分干涉干时的原理，仅用一幅光载频干涉纹图获取全部位相信息。先用分段积分法求出条纹初始位相，再由最小二乘原理，迭代出信息的位相解。并讨论了条纹位相的算法，误差修正和测量面形的应用。     

Striations in Plasma Display Panel

The phenomenon of striation has been investigated experimentally in a macroscopic ac-plasma display panel （PDP）. The relationship between the characteristics of striation and the operation conditions including voltage, frequency, rib, and electrode configuration, etc is obtained experimentally. The origin of the striations is considered to be the ionization waves in the transient positive column near the dielectric surface in the anode area during the discharge, and the perturbation is caused by resonance kinetic effects in inert gas.     

用人字形光栅检验校正光束准直性

分析人字形光栅副莫尔条纹的特点，研究了一种用莫尔偏折术检校光束准直性的改进方法，利用双场莫尔条纹方向平行性进行判定，此法使用方便且精度可提高一倍以上。     

真空紫外/可见光纳秒条纹相机的研制

ZNT-500K真空紫外/可见光纳秒条纹相机已研制成功,在研制过程中,研制了新型变象管,较好地解决了MgF²晶体和科伐材料的高真空封接,合理地确定了导电基底的材料和厚度,使光谱响应和透过率都满足要求;合理地确定扫描电路和电路参数,使该相机具有了光谱响应范围宽和扫描时间范围宽两大特点。     

五孔剪切相机在测量二阶微分场中的应用

提出了在使用五孔剪切相机研制二阶微分场时，通过采用两次全场滤波技术可消除夹在二阶微分条纹中的一阶微分条纹，从而使二阶微分条纹具有较高对比度。     

恒星光干涉仪主动镜偏转角的检测

采用激光干涉检测的方法,综合应用计算机控制、数字图像处理等技术对高精密仪器主动镜的偏转角进行了检测.设计了主动镜的光干涉CCD数字图像检测系统,推导出了干涉条纹与主动镜偏转角之间的对应数学关系式,对条纹图像进行了噪音分析和相应的预处理,在干涉条纹细化的基础上对每条干涉条纹采用最小二乘法进行直线拟合,得到条纹间的间距以及条纹的方向角,最终检测出主动镜X轴方向的偏转分辨率为0″.113,最大偏转角为56″.872,Y轴方向的偏转分辨率为0″.112,最大偏转角为49″.835,完成了主动镜偏转角的检测.     

Improving the precision of fluorescence lifetime measurement using a streak camera

Streak camera has high temporal resolution and high sensitivity, and is a powerful tool in biomedical study to measure fluorescence lifetime and perform fluorescence lifetime imaging. However, nonuniformity of the gain in the streak tube and nonlinearity of the sweeping speed limit the precision of fluorescence lifetime measurement, particularly when fluorescence lifetimes are short. We have constructed a two-photon excitation fluorescence lifetime measurement system that is based on a synchroscan streak camera and have developed accordingly a method to correct the effect of gain nonuniformity and nonlinearity of sweeping speed on the measurement precision. A continuous-wave laser of high stability is used to calibrate the gain of the streak camera, and a Fabry-Perot etalon is used to calibrate the nonlinearity of the sweeping speed. Fitting algorithms are used to correct the gain of the streak camera and nonlinearity of the sweeping speed respectively, which significantly improves the measurement precision of the system, as characterized through the fluorescence lifetime of the short-lived fluorescence dye, Rose Bengal. Experimental results show that the measurement fluctuation of the lifetime has been improved from more than 10% to 2% after correcting the effects of gain nonuniformity and sweeping speed nonlinearity.     

Intensity Distribution and Phase Vortices of Speckle Fields Generated by Multi-Aperture Random Scattering Screens

The intensity distribution and phase vortices of the speckle fields generated by multi-aperture random scattering screens are simulated, and it is found that the vortices exhibit layer-like structures and the dislocation phenomena occur in the local phase patterns produced by the two-pinhole aperture, whose phase distributions appear as striped structures. For three- or four-pinhole aperture, there are many circular bright spots appearing in the speckle grains, and there is one vortex between the neighboring circular bright spots. The positive and negative phase vortex lattices appear in the phase distributions, and the regions circled by the isothetic phase lines form irregular quadrilaterals or hexagons. Moreover, the relative positions of the vortices or bright spots can be adjusted by changing those of the pinhole apertures.     

扩展光源对测量误差的影响

目前,大部分高校做牛顿环实验时,一般采用的都是扩展光源钠光灯．因扩展光源可看成由无穷多点光源组成,可以增加等厚干涉条纹的亮度,所以教材上都指出用扩展光源做牛顿环实验有利无害,但很少强调扩展光源放置的位置和形状对等厚干涉条纹的影响．我们在牛顿环实验中进行探究式教学时发现,扩展光源放置的位置可以影响干涉条纹的形状,