光栅外腔半导体激光器GHz射频调制特性研究

研究了光栅外腔半导体激光器(ECDL)对射频频率调制的响应特性,分析了射频频率调制时光栅外腔对半导体激光器的边带信号的影响.实验中测量了GHz射频频率调制的.ECDL输出的边带信号随射频信号功率、注入电流、光栅外腔长度的变化情况.证实了当射频调制频率等于光栅外腔自由光谱区的整数倍时,ECDL输出的边带信号可在一定程度上得到增强.     

冷~(85)Rb原子中的非共线非简并四波混频的实验研究

文章介绍了在磁光阱制备的Rb85冷原子团中通过特定时序的光场进行四波混频的实验研究,我们观察到了混频光强度的空间分布,简要讨论了三束作用光场的频率和光强对混频光产生的影响.时序调制下的四波混频实验为利用冷原子系综制备非经典关联光子对提供了基础.     

Electron bunch interaction with a monochromatic electromagnetic wave

A technique of modulation of the charge density in a bunch when it interacts with a linearly polarized laser beam is developed. Solution of the problem is based on the numerical method for determination of interaction time of different electrons in the bunch flying through the interaction region, with use of an integral of motion of an electron in the monochromatic electromagnetic field. It is shown that in the terahertz frequency range, at high values of the field strength, sufficiently harddriving modulation of the charge density in the bunch may be obtained. High efficiency of the bunch charge density modulation is demonstrated in plots for different electrodynamical parameters.     

Optimization of the collimator mask for the rotational modulation collimator-based gamma-ray/neutron dual-particle imager

The purpose of this study is to optimize the collimator mask design for the rotational modulation collimator (RMC) imaging system. First, we optimized the slat and slit width of the collimator mask which affects the number of particles entering the detector and, thus, alters the morphology of modulation patterns. However, the conventional collimator mask design with bilateral symmetry posed an inherent ambiguity issue in the estimation of the source location in the reconstructed image. Therefore, we propose a new asymmetric collimator mask design which can solve the ambiguity problem for the development of the dual-particle imaging system. Modulation patterns for various types of asymmetric mask designs were calculated with Monte Carlo simulations, and modulation and transmission efficiencies were compared with ones for the conventional RMC mask design to evaluate the nominal performance of the new mask designs. The proposed asymmetric collimator mask removed the ambiguous artifact from the reconstructed image without compromising transmission and modulation efficiencies. In addition, one can even expect to achieve better spatial resolution in the reconstructed image with the proposed new asymmetric mask design, as compared with the asymmetric mask design suggested from the previous study.     

Effect of gravity on the development of homogeneous shear turbulence laden with finite-size particles

Fully resolved simulations of homogeneous shear turbulence (HST) laden with sedimenting spherical particles of finite size have been performed to clarify the effects of gravity on the development of particle-laden turbulent shear flows. We consider turbulence in a horizontal flow subjected to vertical or horizontal shear. Numerical results show that the development of HST laden with finite-size particles are significantly altered by gravity. The effects of gravity lead to a slower increase in the Taylor-microscale Reynolds number, whose value is found to be well correlated with the average particle Reynolds number. The gravity also causes a slower increase in the turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) through the enhancement of energy dissipation. The change in the Reynolds shear stress (RSS) due to particles also significantly contributes to the relative change in TKE. In vertically sheared cases, RSS has high values between counter-rotating trailing vortices behind the particles, which causes a transient relative increase in TKE. In horizontally sheared cases, on the other hand, RSS is reduced in the wakes of particles, which contributes to a significant relative reduction in TKE.     

Electromagnetically induced grating in a thermal N-type four-level atomic system

The electromagnetically induced grating effect in thermal and cold atoms has been studied theoretically. Studies have shown that, by adjusting the parameters, the first-order diffraction efficiency of the probe beam in the cold atomic system and the thermal atomic system is 34% and 31%, respectively, which is very close to the ideal diffraction efficiency of the sinusoidal grating. However, it is more difficult to prepare the cold atomic system than to prepare the thermal atomic system in the practical application, so the study of the electromagnetically induced grating effect in the thermal atomic system may be helpful for practical applications.     

Turbulence modulation model for gas–particle flow based on probability density function approach

The paper focuses on the turbulence modulation problem in gas–particle flow with the use of probability density function(PDF) approach. By means of the PDF method, a general statistical moment turbulence modulation model without considering the trajectory difference between two phases is derived from the Navier–Stokes equations. A new turbulence production term induced by the dispersed-phase is analyzed and considered. Furthermore, the trajectory difference between two media is taken into account. Subsequently, a new k–ε turbulence modulation model in dilute particle-laden flow is successfully set up. Then, the changes to several terms, including the turbulence production, dissipation, and diffusion terms, are well described consequently. The promoted model provides a more probable explanation for the modification of particles on the turbulence. Finally, we applied the model to simulate a gas–particle turbulence flow case in a wall jet, and found that the simulation results agree well with the experimental data.     

Wavelength modulation spectroscopy for measurements of gas parameters in combustion field

A novel wavelength modulation spectroscopy sensor for studying gas properties near 1.4 μm is developed, validated and used in a direct-connect supersonic combustion test facility. In this sensor there are two H_2O transitions near 7185.60 cm~(-1) and 7454.45 cm~(-1)that are used to enable the measurements along the line-of-sight. According to an iterative algorithm, the gas pressure, temperature and species mole fraction can be measured simultaneously. The new sensor is used in the isolator and extender of the supersonic combustion test facility. In the isolator, the sensor resolves the transient and measured pressure, temperature and H_2O mole fraction with accuracies of 2.5%, 8.2%, and 7.2%, respectively. Due to the non-uniform characteristic in the extender, the measured results cannot precisely characterize gas properties, but they can qualitatively describe the distinctions of different zones or the changes or fluctuations of the gas parameters.     

相位调制信号对窄线宽光纤放大器线宽特性和受激布里渊散射阈值的影响

高功率窄线宽光纤放大器的输出功率主要受限于受激布里渊散射(SBS)效应,通过相位调制进行线宽展宽可以有效抑制SBS效应.基于窄线宽光纤放大器中的SBS动力学模型,研究了正弦信号、白噪声信号和伪随机编码信号(PRBS)对窄线宽光纤放大器光谱特性与SBS阈值的影响.研究发现,采用不同信号进行相位调制时,调制频率和调制深度等参数对调制后激光光谱的谱线间隔、谱线数目与光谱平整度的影响存在较大差异,进而影响放大器的线宽特性和SBS阈值.通过对比分析,给出了调制信号的类型选择和参数优化原则,能够为窄线宽光纤放大器的相位调制系统设计提供参考.     

基于二次反馈激光自混合新型测距方法

在基于激光自混合干涉的理论上,提出了一种利用二次反馈激光自混合干涉的新型测距方法。利用三角波电流对半导体激光器进行调制,得到一次反馈自混合干涉信号。通过对信号分析可知,当半导体激光器被调制后,会产生一系列的模跳,模跳的数量与绝对距离成正比。通过计算在一个三角波电流调制周期内模跳的数量,就可以求出绝对距离。利用多重激光自混合的概念,提出该种新型测距方法。建立了距离测量系统,进行了实验验证。实验结果表明:由于步长分辨率精度的提高,测距精度明显提高。