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61.
Julian G. Sereni 《哲学杂志》2020,100(10):1211-1225
ABSTRACTWith the aim to improve the performance of classical paramagnetic salts for adiabatic refrigeration processes at the sub-Kelvin range, relevant thermodynamic parameters of some new Yb-based intermetallic compounds are analysed and compared. Two main applications are considered: (i) those requiring temperature fixed-points to be reached applying magnetic fields of moderate intensity for satellite applications, and (ii) those which can be used for controlled thermal drifts in laboratory applications. Different thermomagnetic trajectories of the entropy are identified depending on respective specific heat behaviours and the constraints imposed by the Nernst postulate at the sub-Kelvin range. Some simple relationships are proposed to compare the diverse magnetocaloric characteristics of different systems. This procedure allows to include the classical Cerium-Magnesium-Nitride (CMN) salt in that comparison. 相似文献
62.
为实现超导重力仪磁悬浮力的精确计算,以GWR型超导重力仪为模型基础,采用有限元的思想,将超导球表面电流理想化为多个等高共轴电流环,计算出各个电流环与超导线圈的作用力,求和得到线圈与超导球间的磁悬浮力。利用MATLAB完成计算程序实现,通过改变下线圈电流和上、下线圈电流比,获得满足一定条件的磁悬浮力及其梯度。选取合适的模型参数,计算出线圈对质量为m=4.069 g超导球的磁悬浮力大小为:Ftotal=3.988×10^-2N,磁悬浮力梯度为:-9.699×10^-3N/m,此时悬浮力梯度合适,满足系统稳定性和灵敏度的要求。 相似文献
63.
64.
R E Sepponen 《Magnetic resonance imaging》1985,3(2):163-167
A phase encoding method for imaging of chemical shift or magnetic field distributions is described. The method utilizes the spin-echo principle and the time period between signal collection and excitation is constant but the time period between excitation and the 180 degrees pulse is varied by constant steps. The method is relatively easy to apply with the Fourier or projection reconstruction methods. 相似文献
65.
研究半满填充情形二维六角晶格模型的跃迁积分在交错磁场调制下的动能和光电导.交错磁场导致了四能量分支的四子格点系统的产生,并产生了光电导对磁流量子新的依赖特性.具体讨论了平均动能.Drude weight和光电导对磁流量子的依赖关系. 相似文献
66.
本文描述HER磁镜中Ha面发光度时空分布的测量,发现等离子体发光,扰动,工作模式等呈环状结构;一个良好的热电子环可以抑制扰动环区的低频扰动。 相似文献
67.
68.
A. Kiliç K. Kiliç H. Yetiş M. Olutaş A. Altinkok H. Sözeri O. Çetin 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2006,50(4):565-569
The flux dynamics in a polycrystalline sample of
Bi1.7Pb0.3Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox with a macroscopic
cylindrical hole (CH) drilled was investigated by slow transport relaxation
(V-t curves) and magnetovoltage measurements (V-H curves). It was monitored that
there are several discontinuities in the time evolution of quenched state in
V-t curves, which was attributed to the leaving of quantized flux lines
trapped through CH together with surface superconducting effects. We
observed that asymmetric V-H curves demonstrate unusual remarkable counter
clockwise hysteresis effects upon cycling of field. This interesting result
was correlated mainly to the flux trapping inside the CH that acts as a
macroscopic attractive pinning center for flux lines. Further, the
hysteresis effects in V-H curves for a fixed transport current provide a direct
evidence that the number of flux lines, measured dissipation and relative
decrease/increase in irreversibilities could be determined by sweeping rate
of external magnetic field (dH/dt) which leads also to peculiar time effects. 相似文献
69.
Y. Oner O. Kamer Joseph H. Ross Jr. 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2006,300(2):373-381
We report resistivity and magnetization measurements on an amorphous Ni74Mn24Pt2 thin film in the temperature range of 3–300 K. Two significant features are apparent in both the magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistivity. A low-temperature (low-T) anomaly is observed at about 40 K, where a cusp appears in the resistivity, while a concomitant step-like increase in zero-field-cooled (ZFC) magnetization (M) appears with increasing temperature. The low-T anomaly is attributed to a crossover from a pure re-entrant spin-glass within individual domains to a mixed ferro-spin-glass regime at lower temperatures. By contrast, the high-temperature (high-T) anomaly, signaled by the appearance of hysteresis below 250 K, corresponds to the freezing of transverse spins in individual domains acting independently. Between the low-T and high-T anomalies a small but discernable magnetic hysteresis is observed for warming vs. cooling in the field-cooled (FC) case. This behavior clearly indicates the presence of domain structure in the sample, while the disappearance of this hysteresis at lower temperatures indicates the complete freezing of the spin orientation of these domains. According to these results, we have divided the magnetic state of this sample into three regions: at temperatures above 250 K, the sample behaves like a soft ferromagnet, exhibiting M vs. H loops with very small hysteresis (less than 5 Oe). As the temperature is lowered into the intermediate region (the range 40–250 K), spins become frozen randomly and progressively within the individual domains. These domains behave independently, rather than as a cooperative behavior of the sample. Weak irreversibility sets in, indicating the onset of transverse spin freezing within the domains. At temperatures below 40 K, the M vs. H loops exhibit larger hysteresis, for both the ZFC and FC cases, as in a pure spin-glass. We have also demonstrated giant noise in the resistivity at temperatures just below 250 K. Such noise can originate from fluctuations of the domains near the film surface because of competing effective bulk and surface anisotropy fields. The large observed amplitude may be explained by means of a large ferromagnetic anisotropy in the resistivity due to the large spin–orbit effect seen in NiMn systems. Finally, the low-T peak in the resistivity has been analyzed using Fisher and Langer's expression based on the Friedel Model proposed for critical transitions in transition metals (s–d systems). The fitted results are in satisfactory agreement with the predictions of this model. 相似文献
70.
Polycrystalline perovskite La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 was synthesized by a sol–gel method. Its adiabatic temperature change ΔTad induced by a magnetic field change was measured directly. At 268 K, near its Curie temperature TC, ΔTad of La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 induced by a magnetic field change of 2.02 T reaches 2.4 K. The latent heat Q and magnetic entropy change −ΔSM induced by a magnetic field change were calculated from the temperature dependence of ΔTad and zero-field heat capacity Cp. The maximum values of Q and −ΔSM in La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 induced by a magnetic field change of 2.02 T are 1.85 J g−1 and 6.9 J kg−1 K−1, respectively. The former is larger than the phase transition latent heat of heating or cooling, which is about 1.70 J g−1. 相似文献