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101.
The process of laser metal welding is widely used in industry. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of complete process understanding and control. For analyzing the process we used two high-speed cameras. Therefore, we could image the plasma plume (which is directly accessible by a camera) and the keyhole (where most of the process instabilities occur) during laser welding isochronously. Applying different image processing steps we were able to find a correlation between those two process characteristics. Additionally we imaged the plasma plume from two directions and were able to calculate a volume with respect to the vaporized material the plasma plume carries. Due to these correlations we are able to conclude the keyhole stability from imaging the plasma plume and vice versa. We used the found correlation between the keyhole behavior and the plasma plume to explain the effect of changing laser power and feed rate on the keyhole geometry. Furthermore, we tried to outline the phenomena which have the biggest effect on the keyhole geometry during changes of feed rate and laser power. 相似文献
102.
Pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding of pure niobium plate to titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V sheet in butt joint is studied regarding the laser/metal interaction modes. To obtain the optimized process parameters in dissimilar welding of Ti-6Al-4V/Nb, the melting ratio of laser beam energy for each weld counterpart is evaluated experimentally. Different laser welding modes of keyhole and conduction are predicted regarding the absorbed energy from the similar laser pulses on each weld counterpart. Laser keyhole and conduction welding were observed simultaneously through direct visualization of laser interaction with dissimilar metals using High Speed Imaging (HSI) system. 相似文献
103.
A novel laser shock synchronous welding and forming method is introduced, which utilizes laser-induced shock waves to accelerate the flyer plate towards the base plate to achieve the joining of dissimilar metals and forming in a specific shape of mold. The samples were obtained with different laser energies and standoff distances. The surface morphology and roughness of the samples were greatly affected by the laser energy and standoff distances. Fittability was investigated to examine the forming accuracy. The results showed that the samples replicate the mold features well. Straight and wavy interfaces with un-bonded regions in the center were observed through metallographic analysis. Moreover, Energy Disperse Spectroscopy analysis was conducted on the welding interface, and the results indicated that a short-distance elemental diffusion emerged in the welding interface. The nanoindentation hardness of the welding regions was measured to evaluate the welding interface. In addition, the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method was employed to simulate the welding and forming process. It was shown that different standoff distances significantly affected the size of the welding regions and interface waveform characteristics. The numerical analysis results indicated that the opposite shear stress direction and effective plastic strain above a certain threshold are essential to successfully obtain welding and forming workpiece. 相似文献
104.
超燃冲压发动机燃烧室试验台配置了大量金属管线,煤油作为燃料和冷却介质在其中输运,在实验过程中发生管线早期断裂失效,对此开展了分析。首先利用三维体视显微镜与扫描电镜进行了断口观察与分析,表明管线的开裂起源于焊缝根部,具有典型的多源起源特征;裂纹源区具有蓝色半圆形特征,表明存在焊接裂纹。同时,断口呈现明显的疲劳辉纹,间距为亚微米量级。根据辉纹间距与管材壁厚以及使用寿命分析,确定了疲劳载荷的频率范围;根据理论公式与有限元模态分析对管线的自振频率进行了估算,其结果与断口分析的结果吻合良好。以上研究结果表明管线断裂是典型的振动疲劳失效导致的。为此,建议在管线中部增加固定点约束,改变管线的自振频率以降低振幅,并改进焊接工艺,提高管线焊接质量。基于以上措施,有效解决了管线的早期断裂失效问题。 相似文献
105.
Helle Østergren Bak Bjarne Enrico Nielsen Anne Jeppesen Theis Brock-Nannestad Christian Benedikt Orea Nielsen Michael Pittelkow 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2018,56(19):2245-2254
Transmission laser welding of plastic is typically achieved by incorporating a laser absorbing dye into one of the two pieces of plastic one wishes to weld together and mediating the welding process using a laser emitting light at a suitable wavelength. Desirable properties of laser absorbing dyes include: (1) the dye is colorless in the visible region but absorbs strongly in the region at the wavelength where the laser emits, (2) the dye has a good conversion of the energy from the laser to heat, (3) the dye is stable enough to be incorporated into the molten plastic, (4) the dye is soluble in the plastic of choice to give an even distribution in the plastic, and (5) the dye is nontoxic. Here, we explore an alternative approach to achieve laser welding of colorless plastics using a laser dye that is colored, but that can be bleached after the welding process. Nonsymmetrical squaraine dyes were prepared by condensation of squaric acid and two equivalents of various 3,5-dimethoxy-N,N-dialkylanilines. After the incorporation into polyethylene and laser welding, the plastic was bleached either by heat treatment or by irradiation with a high pressure Xe-lamp giving colorless polyethylene. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018 , 56, 2245–2254 相似文献
106.
硬质WC粒子增强镍基合金喷熔层耐磨粒磨损性能的研究 总被引:15,自引:1,他引:15
WC粒子增强镍基合金复合材料具有良好的耐磨性能和广阔的应用前景.为了更好地利用这种复合材料,研究了硬质WC粒子的尺寸、含量、几何形状和镍基合金的化学组成等因素对喷熔层耐磨粒磨损性能的影响.结果表明,在给定的试验条件下,当WC粒子为球形,质量分数为50%,粒子的平均尺寸为200μm和镍基合金为Ni60时,喷熔层的耐磨粒磨损性能最好 相似文献
107.
108.
P.M.G.P. Moreira M.A.V. de Figueiredo P.M.S.T. de Castro 《Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics》2007,48(2):169-177
The increasing use of aluminium alloys in transportation, such as railways, shipbuilding and aeronautics, calls for more efficient and reliable welding processes that would require more in depth understanding of fatigue failure. The objective of this work focuses on the contrasting difference of fatigue behaviour of joints made from the traditional process of metal inert gas (MIG) welding, and the emerging process of friction stir welding (FSW). Effort is made to relate the macroscopic mechanical behaviour to the microstructural feature of the weldments. 相似文献
109.
A. N. Cherepanov V. P. Shapeev V. M. Fomin L. G. Semin 《Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics》2006,47(5):688-695
A quasi-two-dimensional mathematical model of laser welding of plates made of a binary alloy with allowance for metal vaporization
and formation of a vapor channel is developed. A difference algorithm and a computer code are designed on the basis of this
model. Processes of melting, vaporization, and solidification of the alloy of butt-welded aluminum plates are considered numerically
as an example. The shape and depth of the vapor channel and welding bath are calculated for given conditions of the radiation
power and welding velocity. Based on semi-empirical relations and numerical data obtained, the characteristic size of the
dendritic structure of the solidified melt is estimated.
__________
Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 47, No. 5, pp. 88–96, September–October, 2006. 相似文献
110.
Atomic diffusion across Ni_(50)Ti_(50)Cu explosive welding interface:Diffusion layer thickness and atomic concentration distribution 下载免费PDF全文
Molecular dynamics simulations are carried out to study atomic diffusion in the explosive welding process of Ni50Ti50–Cu(at.%). By using a hybrid method which combines molecular dynamics simulation and classical diffusion theory, the thickness of the diffusion layer and the atomic concentration distribution across the welding interface are obtained.The results indicate that the concentration distribution curves at different times have a geometric similarity. According to the geometric similarity, the atomic concentration distribution at any time in explosive welding can be calculated. Ni50Ti50–Cu explosive welding and scanning electron microscope experiments are done to verify the results. The simulation results and the experimental results are in good agreement. 相似文献