加速溶剂萃取-FMS净化-高分辨气相色谱-高分辨质谱(HRGC-HRMS)定量测定鱼组织中二(噁)英类多氯联苯

多氯联苯(polychlorinated biphenyls,PCBs)是一类包括209种化合物的持久性有机污染物,是斯德哥尔摩公约中优先控制的12类持久性有机污染物之一,曾经大量生产用于变压器和电容器内的绝缘介质、热交换剂、润滑剂、增塑剂等[1],全球共生产150万吨多氯联苯[2-3]。在209种PCBs中有1     

基质固相分散萃取-高效液相色谱法检测鸡组织中均三嗪类药物残留

本研究建立了基于基质固相分散萃取(MSPD)-高效液相色谱紫外检测法(HPLC/UVD)的同步检测鸡组织中地克珠利和妥曲珠利残留的快速、高效和经济的新方法。正交试验优化后的基质固相分散萃取的最佳条件如下,预混有地克珠利和妥曲珠利混合标准溶液的0.5g鸡组织匀浆在研钵中与2gCl8填料研匀,静置2~5min后装萃取柱;萃取柱自底层到上层依次装入玻璃棉、1.5g无水Na2SO4、样品混合物、0.5g无水Na2SO4;压紧后依次用8mL正己烷、8mL甲醇水溶液(1∶4,V/V)淋洗,8mL甲醇洗脱,收集洗脱液,50℃旋转蒸发,0.5mL流动相溶解,过0.22μm滤膜后进样检测。最佳色谱条件为C18分析柱(250mm×4.6mmi.d.,5μm);流动相:0.05mol/LH3PO4-三乙胺(pH3.0)-乙腈(40 60);流速:1.0mL/min;检测波长:240nm,AUFS=0.05;进样体积:20μL;柱温:20℃。该检测方法的定量线性范围为50~1000μg/L。在50、500和1000ng/g的添加水平,地克珠利和妥曲珠利从鸡组织中的回收率范围为71.1%~84.0%,相对标准偏差的范围为3.8%~12.1%;同时方法的日内和日间相对标准偏差范围为3.70%~6.77%。地克珠利的检出限为8ng/g(肌肉)和10ng/g(肝、肾),妥曲珠利的检出限为7ng/g(肌肉)和10ng/g(肝、肾);地克珠利的定量限为12ng/g(肌肉)和15ng/g(肝、肾),妥曲珠利的定量限为10ng/g(肌肉)和15ng/g(肝、肾)。     

Proteome analysis of human liver tumor tissue by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry for identification of disease-related proteins

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy worldwide and is a leading cause of death. To contribute to the development and improvement of molecular markers for diagnostics and prognostics and of therapeutic targets for the disease, we have largely expanded the currently available human liver tissue maps and studied the differential expression of proteins in normal and cancer tissues. Reference two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) maps of human liver tumor tissue include labeled 2-DE images for total homogenate and soluble fraction separated on pH 3-10 gels, and also images for soluble fraction separated on pH 4-7 and pH 6-9 gels for a more detailed map. Proteins were separated in the first dimension by isoelectric focusing on immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips, and by 7.5-17.5% gradient sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gels in the second dimension. Protein identification was done by peptide mass fingerprinting with delayed extraction-matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (DE-MALDI-TOF-MS). In total, 212 protein spots (117 spots in pH 4-7 map and 95 spots in pH 6-9) corresponding to 127 different polypeptide chains were identified. In the next step, we analyzed the differential protein expression of liver tumor samples, to find out candidates for liver cancer-associated proteins. Matched pairs of tissues from 11 liver cancer patients were analyzed for their 2-DE profiles. Protein expression was comparatively analyzed by use of image analysis software. Proteins whose expression levels were different by more than three-fold in at least 30% (four) of the patients were further analyzed. Numbers of protein spots overexpressed or underexpressed in tumor tissues as compared with nontumorous regions were 9 and 28, respectively. Among these 37 spots, 1 overexpressed and 15 underexpressed spots, corresponding to 11 proteins, were identified. The physiological significance of the differential expressions is discussed.     

组织工程细胞支架及其细胞亲和性改进研究进展

综述近年来组织工程中有关细胞在材料上粘附的机理研究并从生物学观点和材料观点来分析影响细胞亲和性的因素,介绍了目前研究中的改性生物医学材料细胞亲和性的研究方法,并对今后的研究提出了建议。     

多孔双相磷酸钙骨组织工程生物支架的制备及性能研究

以碳酸钙(CaCO3)和磷酸(H3PO4)为原料,用湿法合成了双相磷酸钙陶瓷粉体,再采用激光成型技术处理聚氨酯泡沫载体,通过有机泡沫浸渍法合成多孔双相磷酸钙生物支架.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD),红外光谱分析(FT-IR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对样品的组成和形貌进行了表征.结果表明:制得的粉体为双相磷酸钙粉体,包含β-TCP和HAP两相,其中β-TCP为主相,其质量比占86.7;;制得的多孔支架为双相磷酸钙生物支架,孔隙率为90;以上,抗压强度为0.12 MPa,多孔支架具有规则直通孔与不规则三维通孔相结合的孔洞结构,直通孔孔径范围为1.0～1.3 mm,三维通孔孔径范围为200 ～ 700 μm,满足骨组织工程支架对多孔材料的孔径要求;双相磷酸钙粉体和双相磷酸钙生物支架均表现为无细胞毒性.     

纳米金-卟啉复合传感阵列快速识别肺癌患者呼气中的有机小分子

合成了小粒径纳米金作为卟啉保护剂,以纳米金-卟啉化合物和p H指示剂共同构建6×6传感阵列,将其用于可视化检测12种肺癌患者呼出气体中的有机小分子(OSMs),设置了3个浓度梯度且每个样品重复5次.实验结果显示,纳米金的引入可显著提高阵列的稳定性和灵敏度;聚类分析结果表明,5次平行实验的结果优先聚为一簇,结构相似的目标物随后聚在一起;差谱图显示该方法对不同种类、不同浓度的OSMs具有良好的定性及半定量分析能力.该方法可快速识别OSMs且具有肺癌筛查的潜在应用前景.     

海藻酸盐水凝胶作为递送载体在组织再生中的应用

海藻酸盐是一类存在于褐藻中的线性亲水多糖,由D-甘露糖醛酸(M)和L-古洛糖醛酸(G)以不同比例的重复单元组成.它是用于水凝胶合成的天然生物材料之一,通过简单的离子交联,即可与Ca2+等多价无机阳离子发生"蛋盒反应",形成水凝胶.海藻酸盐骨架上存在大量–OH和–COOH极性基团,通过化学或物理方法对其进行修饰,使其可以在温度、pH、光等刺激的响应下实现细胞或生物活性分子的可控释放.目前组织再生领域的主要应用策略之一是利用生物相容性材料,结合生物活性分子和细胞,以促进受损组织的再生.水凝胶材料在保护嵌入的细胞并模仿天然细胞外基质方面具有潜力.海藻酸盐也因为其易于凝胶化和良好的生物相容性,被广泛用于组织再生领域.本综述中,我们总结了用于组织再生,特别在伤口愈合、骨和心脏修复领域的海藻酸盐水凝胶的不同交联方法,重点分析了对刺激具有响应性的海藻酸盐水凝胶的特征以及其作为递送载体在组织再生中的应用.     

心脏手术中心肌组织高能磷酸化合物的高效液相色谱测定及比较研究

High-energy phosphate compounds from myocardial tissues were deternuned by HPLC with LichrosorbRP18 as stationary phase and phosphate buffer as mobile phase. The myocardial tissues were taken from car-diac patients whose hearts were perfused with cold crystalloid cardioplegia(CCC),cool blood cardioplegia(CBC)and warm blood cardioplegia(WBC) in cardiac surgery. The analytical results showed that CBC andWBC are superior to CCC in energy charge of myocardial tissue and will be used in cardiac surgery.     

Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage Effect of Dioscorea hispida Dennst. on Placental Tissues of Rats

Dioscorea hispida Dennst. locally known as “ubi gadung” has been used as a traditional remedy and source of carbohydrate among Malaysians. To assess the effect of Dioscorea hispida aqueous extract (DHAE) on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their effects on DNA damage in Sprague Dawley rat’s placental tissues, pregnant rats were randomly divided into four groups. The animals were orally treated with distilled water (negative control) and three different concentrations of DHAE (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight (BW)) from gestation day 6 until 20. The oxidative stress in placental tissues was evaluated at day 21 by measuring the level of ROS, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxidation biomarker, malondialdehyde (MDA) while comet assay was used for DNA damage. There was no significant production of ROS and SOD activities in all groups. Significant changes were observed in the MDA level at 1000 mg/kg BW DHAE. Comet assay revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05) of DNA damage on animals treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg BW DHAE but not at the highest concentration. It was postulated that the placental cells could have undergone necrosis which destroys all components including DNA. This occurrence simultaneously reduces the levels of DNA damage which can be represented by lower level of tail moments. This finding correlates with our histopathological examination where necrotic cells of spongiotrophoblast were observed in the basal zone of placental tissue. The high amount of hydrogen cyanide and other compounds in 1000 mg/kg BW DHAE could elevate the lipid peroxidation and directly induce cell necrosis which requires further investigation.     

Molecular and Pharmacological Evidence for the Expression of Multiple Functional P2 Purinergic Receptors in Human Adipocytes

Extracellular ATP exerts important functions as an extracellular signaling molecule via the activation of specific P2 purinergic receptors (P2X and P2Y). We investigated the expression of the different P2 receptors and their possible functional activation in human adipocytes in primary culture. We performed molecular expression analysis of the P2 receptors in human mature adipocytes; examined their functional activation by different nucleotides evaluating [Ca²⁺]_i modifications and IL-6 secretion, and determined the ability of adipocytes to release ATP in the extracellular medium. Human adipocytes express different P2X and P2Y receptors. Extracellular ATP elicited a rise in [Ca²⁺]_i via the activation of P2X and P2Y receptor subtypes. Human adipocytes spontaneously released ATP in the extracellular medium and secreted IL-6 both at rest and after stimulation with ATP. This stimulatory effect of ATP on IL-6 secretion was inhibited by pre-incubation with apyrase, an ATP metabolizing enzyme. These results demonstrate that human adipocytes express different P2X and P2Y receptors that are functionally activated by extracellular nucleotides. Furthermore, human adipocytes spontaneously release ATP, which can act in an autocrine/paracrine fashion on adipocytes, possibly participating in the regulation of inflammatory cytokine release. Thus, P2 purinergic receptors could be a potential therapeutic target to contrast the inflammatory and metabolic complications characterizing obesity.