光纤拉曼放大器中增益的偏振相关特性研究

提出了一种改进的、可用于计算偏振相关拉曼增益的光纤拉曼放大器的非线性耦合波方程。建立了单模双折射光纤拉曼增益的数学模型,分析了线偏振抽运光以与光纤快轴成45°激励的单模双折射光纤拉曼放大器模型与实际具有随机双折射的光纤拉曼放大器的拉曼增益偏振相关特性的等价性。基于上述模型,提出了一个可定量表征单模光纤偏振模色散统计特性的拉曼增益偏振相关因子,用以替代常规的光纤拉曼放大器非线性耦合波方程中的偏振相关因子。计算结果与已报道文献的实验数据非常吻合。同时对抽运增益在同向和反向抽运方式下截然不同的增益偏振相关特性给出了合理的解释。     

Influence of the bias current on the output characteristics of a mode-locked fiber ring laser consisting of two SOAs

In this paper, after obtaining the mode-locked pulse shape with self-reproduction theory, the influence of the bias current on the output characteristics of a backward-optical-injection harmonic mode-locked fiber ring laser consisting of two semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) has been numerically investigated. The results show that the mode-locked pulse with high peak power and narrow width can be obtained through reasonably adjusting the bias currents of the two SOAs.     

半导体光放大器亚皮秒量级超快动态特性的研究

通过考虑脉冲频谱的增益色散，提出了一个分析亚皮秒光脉冲在半导体光放大器(SOA)中传输的新思路.分别对超快光脉冲在时域和频域内进行离散化，建立了一个更为合理的传输数值模型.基于该模型，观察到了脉冲频谱的明显漂移，并探讨了漂移量与脉冲载波波长、脉冲能量、脉冲宽度、SOA长度和注入电流等外部条件之间的关系，从理论上解释了文献没有证实的实验结果.同时，基于交叉增益调制原理，利用双光束结构，描述了载流子加热、光谱烧孔效应和双光子吸收等非线性效应引起的增益压缩.理论分析的结果为改善SOA的动态特性提供了指导. 关键词： 半导体光放大器 超快非线性效应 增益色散性     

A Bilinear Backlund Transformation and Lax Pair for a （1＋1）-Dimensional Differential-Difference sine-Gordon Equation

In this paper, we obtain a 1＋1 dimensional integrable differential-difference model for the sine-Gordon equation by Hirota＇s discretization method. A bilinear Backlund transformation and the associated Lax pair are also proposed/or this model.     

Fluctuating semiflexible polymer ribbon constrained to a ring

Twist stiffness and an asymmetric bending stiffness of a polymer or a polymer bundle is captured by the elastic ribbon model. We investigate the effects a ring geometry induces to a thermally fluctuating ribbon, finding bend-bend coupling in addition to twist-bend coupling. Furthermore, due to the geometric constraint the polymer's effective bending stiffness increases. A new parameter for experimental investigations of polymer bundles is proposed: the mean square diameter of a ribbonlike ring, which is determined analytically in the semiflexible limit. Monte Carlo simulations are performed which affirm the model's prediction up to high flexibility.     

集体噪声信道上带身份认证的无信息泄露的量子对话协议

在集体噪声条件下提出三个带身份认证的量子对话协议,两个量子对话协议分别用于抵抗集体消相干噪声和集体旋转噪声,另一个用于同时抵抗这两种集体噪声.通信双方通过广义幺正变换将自己的秘密信息编码到量子态中;并根据自己的秘密信息和携带秘密信息的粒子的初末两量子态,便可推知对方的秘密信息实现量子对话.协议的效率、安全性和无信息泄露等性能分析表明了协议的有效性.     

Estimation of increases in noise levels due to installation of transverse rumble strips on urban roads

Increases in noise due to the installation of transverse rumble strips were investigated, by first measuring noise due single vehicles crossing a pilot test field with and without a rumble strip. After that, a procedure was proposed and carried out to estimate increases in noise due to the traffic of vehicles, based on the measurements previously mentioned. This procedure was checked against expressions from the literature that estimate traffic noise as well as measurements in three arterial urban roads without rumble strips installed. Its accuracy was compatible with the ones obtained by applying the literature expressions, the errors lying below 3 dB(A). Then, by taking the aforementioned roads as case studies, estimations were carried out for the increases that would occur in noise levels if rumble strips were installed on them, leading to values between 6 and 7 dB(A). Although such values are dependent on the configuration of the rumble strip employed, the proposed procedure presents generality and could be applied to estimate increases in traffic noise due to installation of rumble strips, by departing from measurements of noise due to single vehicles obtained for a given rumble strip configuration.     

Readout circuit with dual switching mode design for infrared focal plane arrays

The paper proposes a readout circuit architecture with adjustable integration time for dual-band infrared detectors. The readout circuit uses direct injection to be combined with a capacitive trans-impedance amplifier. The amplifier is sharing between two pixels to reduce the complexity of the readout circuit. The proposed device reduces power consumption and area overhead compared to traditional structures. An experimental chip was fabricated using the TSMC 0.35 μm 2P4 M 5 V process. The resulting unit pixel layout area is 40 μm × 40 μm with input photocurrent ranging from 0.11 pA to 50 nA. CTIA mode is applicable from 0.11 pA to 10 nA, while DI mode is applicable from 3.3 pA to 50 nA. The maximum operating frequency of the chip are 4 MHz. The CTIA output swing is 1.2 V, the DI output swing is 2 V. The signal to noise ratio of the readout circuit is 65 dB and power consumption is less than 9.6 mW.     

初始模型对含噪动态光散射数据正则化反演结果的影响

分别采用最小模型矩阵、最平坦模型矩阵、最光滑模型矩阵作为初始化模型,对加入5种不同水平随机噪声的90 nm窄单峰、90 nm宽单峰和250 nm窄单峰、250 nm宽单峰颗粒体系的模拟分布进行了正则化反演,并对反演结果进行比较。结果表明：当噪声水平为0时,正则化初始模型的选择对反演结果没有明显影响。随着噪声水平的增加,采用三种初始化模型反演得到的峰值误差和粒度分布误差都随之变大,但采用最平坦模型和最光滑模型反演得到的峰值和粒度分布误差明显小于采用最小初始模型的反演误差。当噪声水平大于0.01时,选择最平坦初始模型获得的粒度分布结果优于采用最光滑初始模型和最小初始模型获得的结果,而采用最光滑初始模型反演得到的峰值优于最平坦初始模型和最小初始模型的反演峰值。因此,采用正则化算法处理含噪动态光散射数据时,为得到最优的粒度分布信息,宜采用最平坦初始模型,若需要获取最准确的峰值信息,则应选择最光滑初始模型。     

Synthesis methods of multiple phase-cycled SSFP images to reduce the band artifact and noise more reliably

The band artifact in steady-state free precession can be reduced by synthesizing the multiple images obtained through different phase increments of successive radiofrequency pulses. Even though the complex summation method was reported to be effective in reducing the band artifact, it has the pitfalls of intensity abnormality and sensitivity to the phase abnormality. Two new methods have been developed for more reliable reduction of the band artifact than the complex summation method. One method is to sum the complex images partially and to take the maximum intensity of the partially summed images. The other method is to sum the free induction decay (FID) and primary echo components of the Fourier series that are obtained through Fourier analysis of the complex base images. Both proposed methods were compared with other magnitude (maximum intensity projection, spectrally decomposed synthesis, sum-of-squares, nonlinear averaging) and complex-based (complex summation, magnitude-weighted complex summation) methods experimentally at 3 T for the phantom and volunteer's head imaging. Both proposed methods were confirmed to maintain the advantage of the complex summation in reducing both the dark and bright band artifacts while reducing the intensity abnormality and sensitivity to the phase abnormality from that of the complex summation method over a wide range of flip angles and relaxation times.