秦油2号油菜高产栽培中喷肥优化配方研究

采用二次饱和－Ｄ最优设计的方法，研究Ｓｒ（ＮＯ３）２（ｘ１）、ＫＨ２ＰＯ４（ｘ２）和Ｎａ２Ｂ４Ｏ７·１０Ｈ２Ｏ（ｘ３）叶面喷施对秦油２号油菜的产量效应，获得回归方程：ｙ＝２４７．４８５＋７．００４８ｘ１＋２．２９２４４ｘ２—９．８２６４６ｘ３—０．２５３５ｘ１ｘ２—１３．８５２４ｘ１ｘ３：—３．３７４７５ｘ２ｘ３＋２７．０５７５Ｘ２１—１６．３０３６ｘ２２—８．７６７８ｘ２３结果表明Ｓｔ（ＮＯ３）２。有明显的增产作用．ｘ１ｘ３的交互作用（效应）最大．通过计算机模拟．其最佳因子组合为Ｓｒ（ＮＯ３），０．１％、ＫＨ２ＰＯ４０．３％和硼砂０．０１％，预计产量可达２９６．４６ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２．     

Boron nitride nanosheet-assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion microextraction of alkaloids from lotus plumule by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection and ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

A boron nitride nanosheet (BNNS)-assisted matrix solid-phase dispersion method was established to microextract alkaloids from medicinal plants. The target compounds were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection and ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. During the experimental process, several important parameters, including the type of dispersant, the amount of dispersant, the grinding time, and the type of elution solvent, were optimized. Finally, the BNNSs were chosen as the best dispersant, and their microcosmic morphologies were identified by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Because of the special property of BNNSs, the cost of this experiment was greatly reduced, especially in elution volume, sample amount (50 mg), and extraction time (2 min). Under the best conditions, 50 mg of sample powder was dispersed with 50 mg of BNNSs, the grinding time was 120 s, the mixed powder was eluted with 200 μL of methanol, and good linearity (r² > 0.9993) and satisfactory recoveries (80–100%) were obtained. The inter- and intraday precisions were acceptable, with RSDs lower than 2.01 and 4.84%, respectively. The limits of detection ranged from 2.54 to 15.00 ng/mL, and the limits of quantitation were 8.47 to 50.00 ng/mL. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of liensinine, isoliensinine, and neferine in lotus plumule.     

Hydrogenation of 2,4-hexadienoic acid methyl ester

Hydrogenation of 2,4-hexadienoic acid methyl ester on supported metal catalysts (Pd/C, Pt/C, Rh/C and Ru/C) has been investigated. Methyl esters of 2-hexenoic and 3-hexenoic acids were formed and further hydrogenated to the methyl ester of hexanoic acid. Palladium was found to be the most active and selective catalyst for this reaction owing to the formation of intermediates.     

无人机高光谱波段选择的叶面积指数反演

叶面积指数(LAI)是评价作物长势和作物产量的重要参数.为有效利用高光谱信息,优选出最佳波段进而构建新型双波段指数来提高LAI估测精度,以冬小麦为研究对象,获取冬小麦孕穗期无人机高光谱数据和实测地面LAI数据,开展冬小麦LAI反演研究.首先采用连续投影算法(SPA)、最佳指数法(OIF)以及逐波段组合法(E)分别进行无...     

Structural and physicochemical properties of lotus seed starch nanoparticles prepared using ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis

Lotus seed starch nanoparticles were prepared by ultrasonic (ultrasonic power: 200 W, 600 W, 1000 W; time: 5 min, 15 min, 25 min; liquid ratio (starch: buffer solution): 1%, 3%, 5%) assisted enzymatic hydrolysis (LS-SNPs represent lotus seed starch nanoparticles prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis and U-LS-SNPs represent lotus seed starch nanoparticles prepared by high pressure homogenization-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis). The structure and physicochemical properties of U-LS-SNPs were studied by laser particle size analysis, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and gel permeation chromatography system. The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of U-LS-SNPs was cracked and uneven after ultrasonic-assisted enzymolysis, and there was no significant difference from LS-SNPs. The results of particle size analysis and gel permeation chromatography showed that the particle size of U-LS-SNPs (except 5% treatment group) was smaller than that of LS-SNPs. With the increase of ultrasonic power and time, the weight average molecular gradually decreased. The results of X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy showed that ultrasonic waves first acted on the amorphous region of starch granules. With the increase of ultrasonic power and time, the relative crystallinity of U-LS-SNPs increased first and then decreased. The group (600 W, 15 min, 3%) had the highest relative crystallinity. The results of nuclear magnetic resonance studies showed that the hydrogen bond and double helix structure of starch were destroyed by ultrasound, and the double helix structure strength of U-LS-SNPs was weakened compared with LS-SNPs. In summary, U-LS-SNPs with the small-sized and the highest crystallinity can be prepared under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 600 W, time of 15 min and material-liquid ratio of 3%.     

GF-6 WFV光谱植被指数模型的叶面积指数反演

农业是国家经济发展的基础支柱,同时也是社会发展的基础产业。我国农业遥感技术的进步和发展,大量遥感卫星发射升空,如高分1号、 2号和6号等,为我国农情监测、作物长势、农业产业结构调整提供了重要技术支撑。农业遥感成为农业科技创新和精准农业的重要手段。叶面积指数(LAI)是一种可用来衡量植被冠层生理与生化的关键指标,不仅可以用来评估植被冠层表面的最初能量交换情况,提供相应的结构定量数据,还能反映植被冠层的光谱能量信息。同时,在陆地气候变化情况下,叶面积指数是陆地生态系统和土地利用过程生产力模型的关键输入。此外,研究发现植被冠层受人为活动和气候变化的直接或间接影响时,叶面积指数也是陆地生态系统应对气候变化十分重要的衡量标准。因此,针对GF-6 WFV遥感影像叶面积指数反演研究较少和传统光谱植被指数模型机理性、稳定性较弱的问题。基于GF-6 WFV遥感影像以栾城县为试验区,通过光谱植被指数与实测叶面积指数构造5种传统光谱植被指数模型和15种红边参与的光谱植被指数模型反演乳熟期叶面积指数,采用R²和RMSE进行模型评价,同时利用未参与建模的实测叶面积指数和MODIS LAI产...     

杂交稻不同时期喷施微量元素叶肥“稻多收”增产效果研究

“稻多收”是一种新型水稻专用叶肥，含多种微量元素，本文报道“稻多收”的施用方法、增产效果及原因，结果表明叶面喷施“稻多收”能使杂交稻增产16％～20％，每亩净增收入90．00～100．00元，是微量元素科学服务于农业生产的一个重要方面，从而为杂交稻栽培提供了一条经济有效的增产途径。