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61.
本文首先证明当服务强度小于1时,GI/G/1排队系统的队长是一个特殊的马尔可夫骨架过程——正常返的Doob骨架过程,然后运用马尔可夫骨架过程的强大数定律和中心极限定理等重要结果,给出了队长的累积过程的期望和方差,并给出了该累积过程满足强大数定律和中心极限定理的充分条件。 相似文献
62.
A new supplier price break and discount scheme taking into account order frequency and lead time is introduced and incorporated into an integrated inventory planning model for a serial supply chain that minimizes the overall incurred cost including procurement, inventory holding, production, and transportation. A mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation is presented addressing this multi-period, multi-supplier, and multi-stage problem with predetermined time-varying demand for the case of a single product. Then, the length of the time period is considered as a variable. A new MILP formulation is derived when each period of the model is split into multiple sub-periods, and under certain conditions, it is proved that the optimal solution and objective value of the original model form a feasible solution and an upper bound for the derived model. In a numerical example, three scenarios of the derived model are solved where the number of sub-period is set to 2, 3, and 4. The results further show the decrease of the optimal objective value as the length of the time period is shortened. Sufficient evidence demonstrates that the length of the time period has a significant influence on supplier selection, lot sizing allocation, and inventory planning decisions. This poses the necessity of the selection of appropriate length of a time period, considering the trade-off between model complexity and cost savings. 相似文献
63.
We report upconversion multicolor tuning based on uniform β-NaYF4:Yb/Tm/Er nanoparticles. The as-synthesized nanoparticles with an average diameter of 25 nm are well dispersed in a wide range of nonpolar solvents including hexane, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, and toluene. These nanoparticles show intense upconversion emissions and the color output can be precisely modulated by adjusting activator ratios of Tm3+ to Er3+. Dopant-concentration dependent emission properties of the triply doped particle system are also investigated. In addition, we demonstrate that these nanoparticles can be readily transferred to polar solvents such as ethanol and water by growing a thin silica layer (10 nm) around the particles, providing potential applications in biological labeling and imaging. 相似文献
64.
Shuchi Gupta Olga Zhovtiuk Aleksandar Vaneski Yan‐Cheng Lin Wu‐Ching Chou Stephen V. Kershaw Andrey L. Rogach 《Particle & Particle Systems Characterization》2013,30(4):346-354
The energy gap between valence and conduction levels in colloidal semiconductor quantum dots can be tuned via the nanoparticle diameter when this is comparable to or less than the Bohr radius. In materials such as cadmium mercury telluride, which readily forms a single phase ternary alloy, this quantum confinement tuning can also be augmented by compositional tuning, which brings a further degree of freedom in the bandgap engineering. Here it is shown that compositional control of 2.3 nm diameter CdxHg(1?x)Te nanocrystals by exchange of Hg2+ in place of Cd2+ ions can be used to tune their optical properties across a technologically useful range, from 500 nm to almost 1200 nm. Data on composition‐dependent changes in the optical properties are provided, including bandgap, extinction coefficient, emission energy and spectral shape, Stokes shift, quantum efficiency, and radiative lifetimes as the exchange process occurs, which are highly relevant for those seeking to use these technologically important QD materials. 相似文献
65.
1 Introduction Alongperiodfibergrating (LPFG)isanovelpassivefiberelementarisinginrecentyears[1] .SeveralapplicationsofLPFGhavebeenfound ,suchas gain profileflattenedfilter,band rejectionfilter,andtemperature ,strainornewchemicalsensors[2 ,3] .ItcanbeUV writtenor… 相似文献
66.
针尖 样品的距离控制系统是扫描近场红外显微镜的重要组成部分。切变力探测作为一种重要的近场距离控制手段而得到了广泛的应用。介绍了一种对切变力探测系统的改进方法 ,它可以有效地提高石英晶振音叉的品质因数 ,进而提高探测系统对切变力感应的灵敏度。给出了理论分析和实验验证结果 相似文献
67.
用半导体激光器作调制器的双波长可调谐锁模光纤激光器 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
提出一种用法布里—珀罗腔半导体激光器(F—PLD)作调制器,用线性凋啾光栅(LCFG)进行波长选择的双波长环形腔主动锁模光纤激光器。利用线性凋啾光栅在腔内的色散效应使两个波长的光脉冲通过饵光纤(EDF)时在时域上分开,从而威小了不同波长的光脉冲同时通过饵光纤时造成的竞争,因此可以在室温下获得波长间隔较小的稳定的双波长光脉冲输出。实验中成功地获得了重复频率约为2GHz,波长间隔为0.92nm的稳定双波长光脉冲,并通过调谐线性凋啾光栅中心波长的位置使激光波长可以在约3nm范围内调谐。 相似文献
68.
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70.
We propose a technique for rapid monitoring of single-mode operation of a tunable injection laser, based on analysis of the
fine structure of the power-current characteristic obtained with self-heterodyning, using a Michelson interferometer. The
technique makes it possible to determine the range for single-mode lasing and mode tuning as well as the presence of spurious
optical feedback, and to estimate the coherence length.
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Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 73, No. 1, pp. 119–123, January–February, 2006. 相似文献