Forward-scattering degenerate four-wave mixing as a potential laser-based absorption detection method in liquid separation systems: Coupling to conventional-size liquid chromatography

An explorative study on the compatibility of liquid separation systems, such as (micro) liquid chromatography (LC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE), and forward-scattering degenerate four-wave mixing (F-D4WM) as a detection method is presented. F-D4WM is a laser-based technique showing some analogy with holographic spectroscopy: a signal on a theoretical dark background is observed as a result of light absorption by an analyte. Parameters considered are solvent composition focussing on acetonitrile, methanol and water; mobile phases in LC and CE), detector cell construction, and influences of laser beam powers. A specially designed detector cell has been developed to meet the Brewster condition, both at the air-quartz and the quartz-liquid boundaries. For practical reasons, the tested cell has an optical pathlength of 1 mm; reduction to 100 μm is required to apply the cell in microseparations. The F-D4WM technique has been involved for detection in a conventional-size, reversed-phase LC separation of 1- and 2-aminoanthraquinones. The detection limit obtained (for the 1 mm cell) is 2 × 10⁻⁵ absorbance units. The experiments indicate that further reduction of background deserves explicit attention.     

Frontiers in elemental analysis by mass spectrometry

New developments in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and laser desorption-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LD-TOF-MS) for inorganic analysis are described. These include fundamental studies of the ion extraction, process in ICP-MS, development of a highly efficient nebulizer, isotope tracer studies, measurement of elemental speciation by liquid chromatography with ICP-MS detection and characterization of the structures of solids by ion association. The possibilities of determining inorganic species in solutions by electrospray MS are also described.     

Hydrodynamic Radius Characterization of a Vinyl-Type Polynorbornene by Size-Exclusion Chromatography with a Static and Dynamic Laser Light Scattering Detector

Both absolute molecular weight and molecular sizes (radius of gyration and hydrodynamic radius) of a vinyl-type polynorbornene eluting from size-exclusion chromatography columns were determined by combined with a static and dynamic laser light scattering detector. The hydrodynamic radius of polymer fraction eluting from size-exclusion chromatography columns was obtained from dynamic laser light scattering measurements at only a single angle of 90° by introducing a correction factor. According to the scaling relationship between molecular sizes and molecular weight and the ratio between radius of gyration and hydrodynamic radius, the vinyl-type polynorbornene took a random coil conformation in 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene at 150 °C.     

固体激光质谱分析及其展望

本文扼要地介绍了固体激光质谱学问世20多年来的发展和现状。其中包括有:固体激光质谱的简介和特色;发展过程中有重要贡献科学工作者的主要成就;它的有关基本理论;从仪器和分析实践两个方面介绍其发展概况。文中还就上述几个方面列出带综论性文献,以便读者作进一步了解。最后作者还展望了今后固体激光质谱学的发展前景。     

气相[（SiO2）nX]^—团簇产生机理

利用ＸｅＣｌ准分子激光烧蚀多种硅氧多孔结构材料，在负离子通道测得丰富的「（ＳｉＯ２）ｎＸ」＾－负离子团簇，并讨论了多孔网结构和表面活性基团的分布对激光能量的吸收，传输及团簇产生的重要作用。     

An ultrasensitive method for the determination of thiouracil and phenylthiouracil using capillary zone electrophoresis and laser-induced fluorescence detection

This paper reports the development of a method based on capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection for the simultaneous determination of thiouracil (TU) and phenylthiouracil (PhTU) with high sensitivity (nanomolar range, i.e., attomoles detected). After derivatization with 5-iodoacetamidofluorescein, the analytes were separated by capillary zone electrophoresis using 20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 10.0) and quantified by fluorescence detection. The linearity range, precision, recovery, and detection limits were determined, and the method was shown to be applicable for the determination of TU and PhTU in spiked feed samples and urine.     

激光拉曼光谱在高分子中的应用

论述了激光拉曼光谱对高分子结构、结晶形态和表征,反应动力学过程和取向的研究,还介绍了纵向声学模、共振、高温高压、光波导和付里叶拉曼光谱在高分子研究中的最新进展。     

激光参数对甲醇激光表面反应性能的影响规律

以Ｓｉｏ２和ＰＭｏ１２为表面材料，用可选频脉冲ＴＥＡ－ＣＯ２激光器作光源，考察了激发频率、激光强度、脉冲次数和脉冲间隔等激光参数对甲醇激光分解反应性能的影响规律。结果表明：甲醇的激光表面反应具有频率选择性，激发频率不同，甲醇分解率也不同；不同表面上激发次数影响规律不同，随着激发次数增加，甲醇转化率增加；脉冲间隔的改变只影响转化率，脉冲间隔越小，能量利用率越高，甲醇分解率越高；激光强度的提高可增加甲     

直流放电制备CN自由基及其LIF探测

CN自由基是研究化学反应动力学的典型自由基，CN的动力学行为，如CN＋O2的反应已成为研究自由基－自由基反应的模型体系[1]，同时也在许多实际过程如燃烧过程，星际气体的形成过程中起着重要的作用[2，3]．利用含有CN的化合物进行光解、放电、与亚稳态原子分子进行传能反应是目     

激光光散射研究丙烯酰胺-二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵共聚物的溶液行为

用激光光散射技术表征了阳离子含量受控的丙烯酰胺 二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵共聚物 (简称P(AM DMDAAC) )在 0 1mol LNaCl溶液中的基本参数和溶液行为 .表观基本参数 : Mw ,app =5 0 4× 10 5g·mol- 1 、app =39 9nm和A2 ,APP =1 5× 10 - 4cm3·mol·g- 2 .动态光散射研究结果表明 ,扩散系数Dt 与角度、浓度皆呈非线性依赖关系 ,当C >C 或在较大的散射角域 ,Dt 偏离线性关系所预示的理论值而向减小的方向发展 ,表明存在缔合物 ;流体力学半径Rh 分布有大、小两个范围 ,并随温度升高向小尺寸方向发展 ,证明了体系中存在缔合行为以及升温的解缔合作用 .在一定条件下 ,“亚稳定性”的存在有力地旁证了体系的缔合行为