激光大气闪烁的高频谱特性

 采用三波长闪烁仪进行了大气边界层的光传输实验,结果表明：在相同的传播条件下,非平面波激光大气闪烁功率谱的高频部分与波长存在着一定的关系,功率谱无标度区间的斜率即标度指数是一个与湍流强度、波长等因素有关的函数,在满足弱起伏的条件下,标度指数一般与波长呈负相关,波长愈长则标度指数愈小,频谱下降的趋势愈快;波长愈短则标度指数愈大,频谱下降的趋势愈慢。     

Cs(6D5/2)+H2→CsH[ X1Σ+(v,J)]+H转动分辨总截面的测量

利用泵浦-检测方法,在样品池条件下,研究了Cs(6D5/2)与H2反应碰撞传能过程。利用激光感应荧光（LIF）光谱技术,确定了CsH[X1Σ+(v,J)]振转能级上的布居分布,转动态分布与热统计分布基本一致.Cs激发态原子密度由激光能量吸收得到.记录A1Σ+(v',J+1)→X1Σ+(v,J)的时间分辨荧光,从荧光强度的对数值给出的直线斜率确定(v',J+1)→(v,J)的自然辐射率,结合(v,J)→(v',J+1)吸收系数的测量,得到反应生成物CsH[X1Σ+(v,J)]态的分子密度.由速率方程分析,给出反应截面(v,J),对J求和,得到(v)[10-16cm2单位]分别为（0.64±0.19）（v=0）和（0.58±0.17）（v=1）.     

A lateral super-resolution differential confocal technology with phase-only pupil filter

In order to achieve a higher lateral resolution required for ultraprecision measurement of microstructural workpieces, phase-only pupil filtering differential confocal microscopy (PFDCM), a new approach is proposed based on the differential confocal microscopy (DCM), which uses a three-zone phase-only pupil filter with lateral super-resolution capability obtained through optimized design to change the distribution of DCM three-dimensional point spread function, so that the DCM lateral resolution is therefore significantly improved while its axial resolution is slightly improved. Preliminary experimental comparison and analyses indicate that, the lateral and axial resolutions of PFDCM are better than 0.2 μm and 2 nm, respectively, when wavelength of incidence laser beam , numerical aperture of measuring lens NA=0.85, and lateral spot size with a three-zone phase-only pupil filter G_T=0.65. It is therefore concluded that PFDCM is a new approach to further improvement of lateral resolution in laser probe measurement systems.     

Surface texturing of Si, porous Si and TiO2 by laser ablation

Excimer laser ablation at 308 nm has been used to texture the surfaces of a variety of materials of interest for optoelectronic and biotechnological applications. Using a range of pre- and post-processing methods, we are able to produce nano-, micro- and meso-scale features over large areas rapidly in materials such as crystalline Si, porous silicon and TiO₂. Texturing of porous silicon leads to the growth of crystalline dendritic structures, which distinguishes them dramatically from the conical pillars formed from crystalline silicon. Regular arrays of Si microdots are formed by irradiating a Si surface pre-covered with a Cr thin film grating. Nano-crystalline porous TiO₂ films are easily ablated or compacted with laser irradiation. However, at low enough laser fluence, surface roughening without complete loss of porosity is possible.     

Removal of graffiti from the mortar by using Q-switched Nd:YAG laser

This paper presents part of the larger study on microstructural features of mortars and it's effects on laser cleaning process. It focuses on the influence of surface roughness, porosity and moisture content of mortars on the removal of graffiti by Nd:YAG laser. The properties of this laser are as follows: wavelength (λ) 1.06 μm, energy: 500 mJ per pulse, pulse duration: 10 ns. The investigation shows that the variation of laser fluence with the number of pulses required for the laser cleaning can be divided into two zones, namely effective zone and ineffective zone. There is a linear relationship observed between number of pulses required for laser cleaning and the laser fluence in the effective zone, while the number of pulses required for the laser cleaning is almost constant even though the laser fluence increases in the ineffective zone. Moreover, surface roughness, porosity and moisture content of mortar samples have influence on the laser cleaning process. The effect of these parameters become however negligible at the high level of laser fluence. The number of pulses required for the laser cleaning is low for smooth surface or less porous mortar. Furthermore, the wetness of the samples facilitates the cleaning process.     

High-temperature measurements of the rates of the reactions CH2O + Ar → Products and CH2O + O2 → Products

The two-channel thermal decomposition of formaldehyde [CH₂O], (1a) CH₂O + Ar → HCO + H + Ar, and (1b) CH₂O + Ar → H₂ + CO + Ar, was studied in shock tube experiments in the 2258-2687 K temperature range, at an average total pressure of 1.6 atm. OH radicals, generated on shock heating trioxane-O₂-Ar mixtures, were monitored behind the reflected shock front using narrow-linewidth laser absorption. 1,3,5 trioxane [C₃H₆O₃] was used as the CH₂O precursor in the current experiments. H-atoms formed upon CH₂O and HCO decomposition rapidly react with O₂ to produce OH via H + O₂ → O + OH. The recorded OH time-histories show dominant sensitivity to the formaldehyde decomposition pathways. The second-order reaction rate coefficients were inferred by matching measured and modeled OH profiles behind the reflected shock. Two-parameter fits for k_1a and k_1b, applicable in this temperature range, are:

     

掺Yb3+氧化镧钇透明激光陶瓷的光谱特性

采用传统陶瓷烧结工艺,在无压还原气氛下低温制备出透明性良好的掺Yb3+氧化镧钇透明激光陶瓷,测试了其在室温下的吸收光谱、发射光谱和荧光寿命.结果表明,掺Yb3+氧化镧钇透明激光陶瓷的吸收系数随着Yb3+掺杂浓度的增加而增大,最强吸收峰974nm处的吸收截面为0.90～1.12×10－20 cm2;主发射峰1 032 nm和1 075 nm处的发射截面分别为1.05×10－20 cm2和0.87×10－20 cm2; Yb3+掺杂浓度为5at.%时荧光寿命为1.38 ms,并随Yb3+掺杂浓度的增加而减小;当Yb3+掺杂浓度超过10at.%时,样品中存在严重的浓度猝灭.产生浓度猝灭的原因是高掺杂时离子间存在合作上转换和能量转移.     

大气湍流对空间激光通信跟踪系统的影响

基于大气信道内的空间激光通信演示验证实验,对系统光斑跟踪精度的影响因素进行了分析,研究了大气湍流对光斑跟踪精度的影响,建立了光斑质心检测模型,设计了一套信标光光斑粗精复合跟踪系统.搭建了室内测试实验系统,完成了大气湍流对光斑跟踪精度影响的测量,结果表明在中弱湍流时,跟踪精度随湍流增大有近似线性关系,系统整体跟踪精度在5~15μrad之间,可较好地完成光斑跟踪功能.在野外环境开展的飞机-飞机激光通信演示实验中,对伺服系统的跟踪性能及跟踪精度进行实际测量,整体跟踪精度不大于15μrad,与室内实验测试系统基本一致.     

液相基质中重金属元素激光诱导击穿光谱实验参数的优化

针对混合溶液中重金属元素的激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)测量系统,为提高测量系统的检测灵敏度,以提高混合溶液中Ca和Cr金属元素LIBS光谱线强度的信噪比为目标,对LIBS测量系统中的激光脉冲能量、液相样品流速、ICCD门宽、延时等实验参数进行了优化,得到最优化参数激光脉冲能量、样品流速、ICCD门宽、延时分别为35 m J、30 ml/min、1400 ns和2400 ns,为降低LIBS技术应用于混合溶液中痕量重金属元素的检出限提供了实验参数支撑.     

Characterization of laser sealed coatings of yttria partially stabilized zirconia

The present paper reports an experimental investigation based on X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (WDS) analyses of phases formed after laser sealing of plasma sprayed coatings of 8.5 wt% yttria partially stabilized zirconia (YPSZ). X-ray diffraction and X-ray step-scanning analyses showed that the plasma sprayed and sealed coatings consisted mainly of t′ phase with a very small amount of monoclinic phase (m phase) in the plasma sprayed coatings. It was also found that the small amounts of m and cubic phases (c phase) present in the sealed coatings were dependent on laser processing specific energies (specific energy is equal to laser power/traverse speed x beam diameter). It was also found that rhombohedral (r) phase formed after laser sealing of coatings at higher specific energies. A direct relationship between c/a ratio of transformable tetragonal phase (t phase) produced by thermal treatment of sealed coatings and nontransformable tetragonal phase (t′ phase) and the amount of Yttria was obtained. A new equation was derived, which describes the relationship between Yttria concentration and the c/a ratio of tetragonal phases (t or t′).