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991.
T. TaveraN. Pérez A. RodríguezP. Yurrita S.M. OlaizolaE. Castaño 《Applied Surface Science》2011,258(3):1175-1180
The production of periodic structures in silicon wafers by four-beam is presented. Because laser interference ablation is a single-step and cost-effective process, there is a great technological interest in the fabrication of these structures for their use as antireflection surfaces. Three different laser fluences are used to modify the silicon surface (0.8 J cm−2, 1.3 J cm−2, 2.0 J cm−2) creating bumps in the rim of the irradiated area. Laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS), in particular micro and nano-ripples, are also observed. Measurements of the reflectivity show a decrease in the reflectance for the samples processed with a laser fluence of 2.0 J cm−2, probably caused by the appearance of the nano-ripples in the structured area, while bumps start to deteriorate. 相似文献
992.
Wear resistance of reactive plasma sprayed TiB2-TiC0.3N0.7 based composite coatings and the as-sprayed coating with laser surface treatment was investigated using plate-on-plate tests. Wear tests were performed at different normal loads and sliding speeds under dry sliding conditions in air. The surface morphologies of counterparts against as-sprayed and laser remelted coatings were investigated. The microstructure and chemical composition of wear debris and coatings were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. The results show that the wear resistance of the laser remelted coating is improved significantly due to their increased microhardness and reduced flaws. The primary wear mechanism of the remelted coating is oxidation wear and its minor wear mechanisms are grain abrasion and fatigue failure during the course of wear test. In contrast, the primary wear mechanism of the as-sprayed coating is grain abrasion at the low sliding speed (370 rpm) and fatigue failure at the high sliding speed (549 rpm). The oxidation wear mechanism is a minor contributor for the as-sprayed coating. 相似文献
993.
B.Y. Man S.C. XuC. Yang M. LiuS.Z. Jiang Y.Y. MaC.S. Chen A.H. LiuX.G. Gao C.C. WangB. Hu 《Applied Surface Science》2011,257(15):6321-6325
Single-phase β-FeSi2 films on silicon (1 0 0) were fabricated by pulse laser deposition. The structure and crystal quality of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The field scanning electron microscopy showed that the film thickness increases with the increasing of the laser fluence. Moreover, atomic force microscopy observations revealed the changes of surface properties with different laser fluence. Based upon all experimental results, it is found that 7 J/cm2 is the most favorable for the formation of β-FeSi2 thin films. 相似文献
994.
Jiasong ZhongYinsheng Zhao Hailong YangJing Wang Xiaojuan LiangWeidong Xiang 《Applied Surface Science》2011,257(23):10188-10194
Sphere-like CuGaS2 nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by a simple biomolecule-assisted solvothermal route using a mixed solution compose of ethylenediamine and distilled water (1:1, v/v), in which l-cystine was used as the sulfide source and complexing molecule. Phase analysis was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the results confirmed the as-prepared CuGaS2 as a single-phase tetragonal structure. Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) showed that the morphologies of CuGaS2 were sphere-like nanoparticles in shape, and the average diameters was about 600 nm. X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) was used to analyze the composition of CuGaS2 and the ratio of Cu/Ga/S is 1:0.97:1.98. Raman spectrum of the obtained CuGaS2 exhibit a high-intensity peak of the A1 mode at 305 cm−1. The influence of reaction temperature, time and solvent was initially investigated. The possible formation mechanism was also discussed. 相似文献
995.
Nanosecond (ns) laser ablation can provide a competitive solution for silicon micromachining in many applications. However, most of the previous studies focus on ns lasers at visible or ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths. The research is very limited for ns lasers at infrared (e.g., 1064 nm) wavelengths (which often have the advantage of much lower cost per unit average output power), and the research is even less if the ns laser also has a long pulse duration on the order of ∼100 ns. In this paper, time-resolved observation using an ICCD (intensified charge-coupled device) camera has been performed to understand the physical mechanism of silicon ablation by 200-ns and 1064-nm laser pulses. This kind of work has been rarely reported in the literature. The research shows that for the studied conditions, material removal in laser silicon ablation is realized through surface vaporization followed by liquid ejection that occurs at a delay time of around 200-300 ns. The propagation speed is on the order of ∼1000 m/s for laser-induced plasma (ionized vapor) front, while it is on the order of ∼100 m/s or smaller for the front of ejected liquid. It has also been found that the liquid ejection is very unlikely due to phase explosion, and its exact underlying physical mechanism requires further investigations. 相似文献
996.
Carbon nitride films by RF plasma assisted PLD: Spectroscopic and electronic analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
E. Cappelli S. OrlandoD.M. Trucchi A. BellucciV. Valentini A. MezziS. Kaciulis 《Applied Surface Science》2011,257(12):5175-5180
Carbon nitride (CNx) thin films have been grown on Si 〈1 0 0〉 by 193 nm ArF ns pulsed laser ablation of a pure graphite target in a low pressure atmosphere of a RF generated N2 plasma and compared with samples grown by PLD in pure nitrogen atmosphere. Composition, structure and bonding of the deposited materials have been evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman scattering. Significant chemical and micro-structural changes have been registered, associated to different nitrogen incorporation in the two types of films analyzed. The intensity of the reactive activated species is, indeed, increased by the presence of the bias confined RF plasma, as compared to the bare nitrogen atmosphere, thus resulting in a different nitrogen uptake in the growing films. The process has been also investigated by some preliminary optical emission studies of the carbon plume expanding in the nitrogen atmosphere. Optical emission spectroscopy reveals the presence of many excited species like C+ ions, C atoms, C2, N2; and CN radicals, and N2+ molecular ions, whose relative intensity appears to be increased in the presence of the RF plasma. The films were also characterised for electrical properties by the “four-probe-test method” determining sheet resistivity and correlating surface conductivity with chemical composition. 相似文献
997.
Agata Roguska Andrzej KudelskiMarcin Pisarek Magdalena OparaMaria Janik-Czachor 《Applied Surface Science》2011,257(19):8182-8189
Tubular arrays of TiO2 nanotubes (ranging in diameter from 40 to 110 nm) on a Ti substrate were used as a support for Ag, Au or Cu deposits obtained by the sputter deposition technique, where the amount of metal varied from 0.01 to 0.2 mg/cm2. Those composite supports were intended for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) investigations. Composite samples were studied with the aid of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) to reveal their characteristic morphological and chemical features. Raman spectra of pyridine (as a probe molecule) were measured at different cathodic potentials ranging from −0.2 down to −1.2 V after the pyridine had been adsorbed on the metal-covered TiO2 nanotube/Ti substrates. In addition, SERS spectra on a bulk standard activated Ag, Au and Cu substrates were also measured. The SERS activity of the composite samples was strongly dependent on the amount of metal deposit, e.g. at and above 0.06 mg Ag/cm2, the intensity of SERS signal was even higher than that for the Ag reference substrate. The high activity of these composites is mainly a result of their specific morphology. The high SERS sensitivity on the surface morphology of the substrate made it possible to monitor very small temporal changes in the Ag metal clusters. This rearrangement was not detectable with microscopic (SEM) or microanalytical (AES) methods. The SERS activity of Au or Cu clusters was distinctly lower than those of Ag. The spectral differences exhibited by the three kinds of composites as compared to the reference metal samples are discussed. 相似文献
998.
K.D.G.I. Jayawardena Charles OpokuJames Fryar S. Ravi P. SilvaSimon J. Henley 《Applied Surface Science》2011,257(12):5274-5277
The synthesis of ZnO nanocrystals is reported using a hydrothermal chemical growth technique combined with 248 nm nanosecond excimer laser heating at fluences in the range 0-390 mJ cm−2. The effect of laser heating in controlling the morphology of the nanocrystals is investigated using optical spectroscopy and electron microscopy characterization. Laser heating is shown to allow control of the crystal morphology from nanoparticles to nanorods as well as to modify the size distributions. The results indicate that not only does the laser accelerate the growth of nanocrystals, but can also produce crystals with a narrow size distribution possibly via photothermal size selection. An initial study of electrical conduction properties of ZnO nanocrystal thin films is also discussed. 相似文献
999.
Anju AhlawatV.G. Sathe V.R. ReddyAjay Gupta 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2011,323(15):2049-2054
Superparamagnetic nickel ferrite single phase nanoparticles with the average crystallite size of ∼9 nm have been synthesized at a low temperature (220 °C) by the sol-gel auto-combustion method. In the present study the as prepared powder was further calcined at different temperatures for 4 h, resulting in nanoparticles of larger size. The nanoparticles exhibited superparamagnetic behavior and changes in cation distribution as revealed by the Mossbauer, Raman and X-ray diffraction studies. The Mossbauer spectra collected at 5 K and under 5 T applied magnetic field showed mixed spinel structure and canted spin order for the nanoparticles, whereas there is collinear spin order with inverse spinel structure for larger particles. The vibrational spectra of the nanoparticles showed a redshift and broadening in the Raman line shape due to confinement effects. 相似文献
1000.
N.E. Rajeevan Ravi KumarD.K. Shukla R.J. ChoudharyP. Thakur A.K. SinghS. Patnaik S.K. AroraI.V. Shvets P.P. Pradyumnan 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2011,323(13):1760-1765
Thin films of BixCo2−xMnO4 (x=0, 0.1 and 0.3) were grown on quartz, LaAlO3 (LAO) and YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) buffer layer coated LAO substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman scattering measurements showed that the thin films exhibit single phase polycrystalline cubic spinel structure on all the substrates. Near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) studies confirmed the octahedral occupancy of the substituted Bi3+ ions. Temperature dependent zero-field cooled (ZFC) magnetization measurements show the ferrimagnetic (FM) behavior (TC∼186 K) and magnetization undergoes a crossover from positive to negative, owing to the opposite contributions of magnetic moments from Co and Mn ions. A weak ferroelectric property exhibited by the films above room temperature was evidenced through the capacitance-voltage (C-V) and dielectric measurements. Magnetoelectric coupling was found to be maximum just below FM-TC. 相似文献