让世界跳跃的人--马克思*普朗克

回顾了普朗克在物理学上的贡献和对爱因斯坦的帮助，挖掘了他的物理思想，得到对他公正的认识．     

Ergodic Properties of the Quantum Geodesic Flow on Tori

We study ergodic averages for a class of pseudodifferential operators on the flatN-dimensional torus with respect to the Schrödinger evolution. The later can be consider a quantization of the geodesic flow on . We prove that, up to semi-classically negligible corrections, such ergodic averages are translationally invariant operators.Mathematics Subject Classifications (2000) 58J50, 58J40, 81S10.     

Quantum Computation Toward Quantum Gravity

The aim of this paper is to enlighten the emerging relevance of Quantum Information Theory in the field of Quantum Gravity. As it was suggested by J. A. Wheeler, information theory must play a relevant role in understanding the foundations of Quantum Mechanics (the "It from bit" proposal). Here we suggest that quantum information must play a relevant role in Quantum Gravity (the "It from qubit" proposal). The conjecture is that Quantum Gravity, the theory which will reconcile Quantum Mechanics with General Relativity, can be formulated in terms of quantum bits of information (qubits) stored in space at the Planck scale. This conjecture is based on the following arguments: a) The holographic principle, b) The loop quantum gravity approach and spin networks, c) Quantum geometry and black hole entropy. From the above arguments, as they stand in the literature, it follows that the edges of spin networks pierce the black hole horizon and excite curvature degrees of freedom on the surface. These excitations are micro-states of Chern-Simons theory and account of the black hole entropy which turns out to be a quarter of the area of the horizon, (in units of Planck area), in accordance with the holographic principle. Moreover, the states which dominate the counting correspond to punctures of spin j = 1/2 and one can in fact visualize each micro-state as a bit of information. The obvious generalization of this result is to consider open spin networks with edges labeled by the spin –1/ 2 representation of SU(2) in a superposed state of spin "on" and spin "down." The micro-state corresponding to such a puncture will be a pixel of area which is "on" and "off" at the same time, and it will encode a qubit of information. This picture, when applied to quantum cosmology, describes an early inflationary universe which is a discrete version of the de Sitter universe.     

LETTER: A Simple Quantum Cosmology

A simple and surprisingly realistic model of the origin of the universe can be developed using the Friedmann equation from general relativity, elementary quantum mechanics, and the experimental values of , c, G and the proton mass m _p. The model assumes there are N space dimensions (with N > 6), and the potential constraining the radius r of the invisible N – 3 compact dimensions varies as r ⁴. In this model, the universe has zero total energy and is created from nothing. There is no initial singularity. If space-time is eleven dimensional, as required by M theory, the scalar field corresponding to the size of the compact dimensions inflates the universe by about 26 orders of magnitude (60 e-folds). If H ₀ = 65 km sec^–1 Mpc^–1, the energy density of the scalar field after inflation results in = 0.68, in agreement with recent COBE and Type SNe Ia supernova data.     

Cohomology of the Vector Fields Lie Algebra and Modules of Differential Operators on a Smooth Manifold

Let M be a smooth manifold, the space of polynomial on fibers functions on T*M (i.e., of symmetric contravariant tensor fields). We compute the first cohomology space of the Lie algebra, Vect(M), of vector fields on M with coefficients in the space of linear differential operators on . This cohomology space is closely related to the Vect(M)-modules, (M), of linear differential operators on the space of tensor densities on M of degree .     

A Quantization on Riemann Surfaces with Projective Structure

Let X be a Riemann surface equipped with a projective structure. Let be a square-root of the holomorphic cotangent bundle K _X . Consider the symplectic form on the complement of the zero section of obtained by pulling back the symplectic form on K _X using the map ². We show that this symplectic form admits a natural quantization. This quantization also gives a quantization of the complement of the zero section in K _X equipped with the natural symplectic form.     

Jackiw-Pi模型的新涡旋解

运用φ映射拓扑流理论研究了Jackiw-Pi模型中的自对偶方程，得到一个静态的自对偶解满足带有δ函数项的刘维尔方程, 从而得到了一个完整的带有拓扑信息的涡旋解,自然给出了磁通量子化.     

Global Continuity of the Integrated Density of States for Random Landau Hamiltonians

Abstract

We prove that the integrated density of states (IDS) for the randomly perturbed Landau Hamiltonian is Hölder continuous at all energies with any Hölder exponent 0 < q < 1. The random Anderson-type potential is constructed with a nonnegative, compactly supported single-site potential u. The distribution of the iid random variables is required to be absolutely continuous with a bounded, compactly supported density. This extends a previous result Combes et al. [Combes, J. M., Hislop, P. D., Klopp, F. (2003a). Hölder continuity of the integrated density of states for some random operators at all energies. Int. Math. Res. Notices 2003: 179--209] that was restricted to constant magnetic fields having rational flux through the unit square. We also prove that the IDS is Hölder continuous as a function of the nonzero magnetic field strength.     

Improved Faddeev-Jackiw quantization of the electromagnetic field and Lagrange multiplier fields

We use the improved Faddeev-Jackiw quantization method to quantize the electromagnetic field and its Lagrange multiplier fields. The method's comparison with the usual Faddeev-Jackiw method and the Dirac method is given. We show that this method is equivalent to the Dirac method and also retains all the merits of the usual Faddeev-Jackiw method. Moreover, it is simpler than the usual one if one needs to obtain new secondary constraints. Therefore, the improved Faddeev-Jackiw method is essential. Meanwhile, we find the new meaning of the Lagrange multipliers and explain the Faddeev-Jackiw generalized brackets concerning the Lagrange multipliers.