食品检测实验室仪器设备期间核查实施方法探讨

根据食品检测实验室的特点,对实验室进行仪器设备期间核查的必要性进行了阐述,详述了仪器设备期间核查的范围、核查条件、实施步骤、判别原则和判别方法等.     

揭开中微子和反中微子的马约拉纳神秘面纱——无中微子双贝塔衰变低温晶体量热器实验

中微子可能的马约拉纳粒子属性超出了目前标准模型的范畴,是粒子物理与核物理研究领域最重要的科学问题之一。无中微子双贝塔衰变(0vββ)实验是能够确定中微子马约拉纳属性的唯一途径。0vββ的发现可以揭示中微子绝对质量、轻子数破缺、物质—反物质不对称等一系列自然奥秘,是当今粒子物理与核物理研究的前沿课题。在探索无中微子双贝塔衰变的可选择实验方案中,低温晶体量热器具有高能量分辨率、高运行稳定性和低辐射本底的技术优势,成为新一代0vββ实验最具竞争力的探测器技术之一。文章首先介绍无中微子双贝塔衰变的研究历史,之后介绍低温晶体量热器及其最先进的代表——CUORE实验,最后展望关于我国锦屏地下实验室开展低温晶体量热器0vββ实验研究的前景。     

大空腔探测系统主动中子多重性反应系数模拟研究

为确定主动中子多重性反应系数对测量精度的影响,对大空腔探测系统主动中子多重性方法测量铀部件质量的全过程进行了直接模拟,基于MCNPX对28组相同浓缩度、相同密度、不同质量的内径1.2cm的半球壳型铀部件进行了模拟研究,获得了反应系数与样品增殖的关系曲线。对半球型、内径1.2cm的半球壳型铀部件的模拟测量质量偏差都在1.5%以内,对内径3.2cm的半球壳型、半径6cm和8cm的圆柱型等形状差异较大的铀部件质量也仅偏小5%~10%。     

Stability constants and thermodynamic functions of beryllium(II), palladium(II) and oxozirconium(II) with lapachol [2-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl) -1,4-naphthoquinone]

Chelating properties of lapachol are known [1–3]. This communication concerns the determination of stability constants and thermodynamic functions of beryllium(II)-, palladium(II)- and oxozirconium(II)—lapachol systems.     

Development of a catalytic enantioselective synthesis of the guanacastepene and heptemerone tricyclic core

For nearly two decades, synthetic chemists have been fascinated by the structural complexity and synthetic challenges afforded by the guanacastepene and heptemerone diterpenoids. Numerous synthetic approaches to these compounds have been reported, but to date the application of enantioselective catalysis to this problem has not been realized. Herein we report an enantioselective synthesis of an advanced intermediate corresponding to the tricyclic core common to the guanacastepenes and heptemerones. Highlights of this work include sequential Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative allylic alkylation reactions to generate the two all carbon quaternary stereocenters, the use of ring-closing metathesis to close the A ring in the presence of a distal allyl sidechain, and a regio- and diastereoselective oxidation of a trienol ether to introduce oxygenation on the A ring.     

某水电站坝基岩体结构面室内大型直剪试验研究

岩体结构面的抗剪强度是表征岩体强度的一项重要参数,但由于原位试验受场地等诸多因素影响,难以大规模的开展,本文提出在室内用结构面大型剪切试验开展结构面的剪切特性研究,以某水电站坝基砂岩岩体中的硬性结构面为研究对象,取得了较好的成果。试验表明:结构面的多组剪切变形曲线具有一定的应变硬化的特征;达到峰值剪切强度时的剪切位移普遍较大,在8.9mm～44.5mm之间;砂岩中硬性结构面光滑面的“基本摩擦角”为31.4°,结构面“平均起伏角”为6.3°。     

Jahn-teller splitting of the 3s → 3p transition of sodium isolated in A·Xenon matrix

The rose center in BaF₂ is investigated by resonant Raman scattering. The spectra obtained at liquid-helium temperature show multiple order and combination bands of the internal local modes (up to the sixth order), and associated side bands of the lattice. The temperature dependence of the linewidth of the local-mode transitions has been investigated and is explained as being due to anharmonic coupling to the lattice.     

Magnetostriction and the magnetic phases of single crystal terbium-50% holmium

The c-axis magnetostriction, λ_c, has been measured in terbium-50% holmium in fields up to 2 T between the Néel and Curie temperatures. The magnitude and temperature dependence of λ_c are similar to those previously reported for dysprosium. Detailed strain measurements between the critical field, H_c, which destroys the antiferromagnetic spiral spin structure and the field induced ferromagnetic phase show that the extent of an intermediate fan phase is more limited than previous theoretical analyses have predicted. The difference between the experimental data and strains calculated from theory can be explained only in part by the influence of magnetostry calline anisotropy.     

X-ray photoelectron diffraction from adsorbate core levels in the energy range 500–10000 ev and with polarized radiation: a theoretical study

X-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPD) from adsorbate core levels shows considerable promise as a surface-structural probe, especially since a simple single-scattering theory appears capable of describing such photoelectron diffraction. In the past, several types of XPD structural investigations have been made using conventional Al Kα radiation, including determinations of bond orientations for diatomic molecular adsorption and of vertical bond distances for atomic adsorption. In this work, a theoretical investigation has been made within the single-scattering cluster model to determine the possible advantages and disadvantages of using different photon energies over a broad range from 500 to 10000 eV and/or a polarized radiation source in such structure determinations. Two test cases, of intramolecular scattering in C 1s polar scans above vertically adsorbed CO and of interatomic scattering in O 1s azimuthal scans for c (2 × 2) O on Cu(100), are considered in detail. In general, precision in determining bond orientations can be unproved by using higher energies and/or polarized radiation, although it may be more difficult to obtain the data owing to lower percent effects and lower total intensities. In azimuthal scans, going to higher energy yields narrower features, but requires much lower takeoff angles and concomitantly lower intensities. Other aspects of using variable energy and polarization in XPD are also considered.