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61.
62.
We provide a mixing model to explore the metastable state and the macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT) of binary mixtures. For , we first observe the two condensates form the symmetry-breaking state (SBS) and then suddenly transfer to the symmetry-preserving state (SPS) through the MQT. The SBS is shown to be the metastable state in our system. We find the MQT does not spontaneously arise. The inducement mechanism is the damping but not the excitations. The damping mechanism can also control the lifetime and the tunneling decay rate of the SBS. Finally, we further present the origin of these phenomena by examining the energy of the system.  相似文献   
63.
We introduce the class of ordinal games with a potential, which are characterized by the absence of weak improvement cycles, the same condition used by Voorneveld and Norde (1997) for ordinal potential games.  相似文献   
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Curcumin is the most important active component in turmeric extracts. Curcumin, a natural monomer from plants has received a considerable attention as a dietary supplement, exhibiting evident activity in a wide range of human pathological conditions. In general, curcumin is beneficial to human health, demonstrating pharmacological activities of anti-inflammation and antioxidation, as well as antitumor and immune regulation activities. Curcumin also presents therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In this review article, we summarize the advancements made in recent years with respect to curcumin as a biologically active agent in malignant tumors, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), hematological diseases and viral infectious diseases. We also focus on problems associated with curcumin from basic research to clinical translation, such as its low solubility, leading to poor bioavailability, as well as the controversy surrounding the association between curcumin purity and effect. Through a review and summary of the clinical research on curcumin and case reports of adverse effects, we found that the clinical transformation of curcumin is not successful, and excessive intake of curcumin may have adverse effects on the kidneys, heart, liver, blood and immune system, which leads us to warn that curcumin has a long way to go from basic research to application transformation.  相似文献   
66.
CCSD(T)/CBS and DFT methods are employed to study the stacking interactions of acetylacetonate‐type (acac‐type) chelates of nickel, palladium, and platinum with benzene. The strongest chelate–aryl stacking interactions are formed by nickel and palladium chelate, with interaction energies of −5.75 kcal mol−1 and −5.73 kcal mol−1, while the interaction of platinum chelate is weaker, with interaction energy of −5.36 kcal mol−1. These interaction energies are significantly stronger than stacking of two benzenes, −2.73 kcal mol−1. The strongest nickel and palladium chelate–aryl interactions are with benzene center above the metal area, while the strongest platinum chelate–aryl interaction is with the benzene center above the C2 atom of the acac‐type chelate ring. These preferences arise from very different electrostatic potentials above the metal ions, ranging from very positive above nickel to slightly negative above platinum. While the differences in electrostatic potentials above metal atoms cause different geometries with the most stable interaction among the three metals, the dispersion (correlation energy) component is the largest contribution to the total interaction energy for all three metals.  相似文献   
67.
Comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA), a three-dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship (3D QSAR) paradigm, was used to examine the correlations between the calculated physicochemical properties and the in vitro activities (3'-processing and 3'-strand transfer inhibition) of a series of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase inhibitors. The training set consisted of 34 molecules from five structurally diverse classes: salicylpyrazolinones, dioxepinones, coumarins, quinones, and benzoic hydrazides. The data set was aligned using extrema of molecular electrostatic potentials (MEPs). The predictive ability of the resultant model was evaluated using a test set comprised of 7 molecules belonging to a different structural class of thiazepinediones. A CoMSIA model using an MEP-based alignment showed considerable internal as well external predictive ability (r2(cv) = 0.821, r2(pred) = 0.608 for 3'-processing; and r2(cv) = 0.759, r2(pred.) = 0.660 for 3'-strand transfer).  相似文献   
68.
对一系列共59个芳香性分子进行了HF/6-31G*水平上的结构优化,并在优化结构上进行了分子静电势及其导出参数的计算,应用多元线性回归方法建立了碳纳米管吸附有机污染物的平衡常数与分子结构间的定量关系. 结果表明,分子表面静电势参数(Vmin、σ+2 和ΣVind+)结合分子表面积(S)和最低空轨道能级(εLUMO)可以很好地用于构建碳纳米管吸附的定量结构-性质关系(QSPR)模型. 模型中引入的参数均具有明确的物理意义,其合理性可以从污染物与碳纳米管或水分子间相互作用的角度进行解释. 模型的稳定性和预测能力经“留一法”和Monte Carlo 交叉验证法进行了确证. 本文亦采用支持向量机(SVM)、最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)和高斯过程(GP)等三种方法建立了上述参数与碳纳米管吸附性质的非线性模型. SVM和LSSVM模型表现出强的拟合能力,但预测能力明显不如其他模型. GP模型无论是拟合能力还是预测能力都是最佳,但并没有明显地优于线性模型,说明对本文研究体系而言,其分子结构与性质间的关系主要以线性形式存在.  相似文献   
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70.
Summary Experimentally known copper selenium clusters show extraordinary geometrical features, especially short Cu-Cu distances. We report the first theoretical investigation of Cu2Se and Cu4Se2. Various quantum chemical methods (SCF, MP2, CPF, CCSD, CCSD(T), LDF) are applied to determine the importance of dynamic electron correlation. We find that inclusion of correlation does not essentially change the electronic structure of the clusters but has a strong influence on geometries. To reduce the computational effort we apply effective core potentials (ECPs) in combination with small, but carefully optimized basis sets. The applicability of simple modellings of correlation energies for approximate inclusion of correlation effects in SCF geometry optimizations is tested.  相似文献   
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