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51.
Vollmer A Jurchescu OD Arfaoui I Salzmann I Palstra TT Rudolf P Niemax J Pflaum J Rabe JP Koch N 《The European physical journal. E, Soft matter》2005,17(3):339-343
We use ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy to investigate the effect of oxygen and air exposure on the electronic structure of pentacene single crystals and thin films. It is found that O2 and water do not react noticeably with pentacene, whereas singlet oxygen/ozone readily oxidize the organic compound. Also, we obtain no evidence for considerable p-type doping of pentacene by O2 at low pressure. However, oxygen exposure lowers the hole injection barrier at the interface between Au and pentacene by 0.25 eV, presumably due to a modification of the Au surface properties. 相似文献
52.
Transverse-energy and charged-particle pseudorapidity densities at midrapidity and their ratio, dET/d|mid/dNch/d|mid, are evaluated in a statistical model with longitudinal and transverse flows for the wide range of colliders, from AGS to RHIC at
= 200 GeV. Evaluations are done at freeze-out parameters obtained from independent fits to observed particle yields and pT spectra. Decays of hadron resonances are treated thoroughly and are included in derivations of dET/d|mid and dNch/d|mid. The predictions of the model agree well with the experimental data. However, some (explicable) overestimation of the ratio has been observed. 相似文献
53.
54.
Charm quark energy loss in QCD matter 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
W.?C.?XiangEmail author H.?T.?Ding D.?C.?Zhou D.?Rohrich 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2005,25(1):75-78
The energy loss of heavy quarks in a quark-gluon plasma of finite size is studied within the light-cone path integral approach. A simple analytical formulation of the radiative energy loss of heavy quarks is derived. This provides a convenient way to quantitatively estimate the quark energy loss. Our results show that if the energy of a heavy quark is much larger than its mass, the radiative energy loss approaches the radiative energy loss of light quarks. 相似文献
55.
It is found from Maxwell’s equations that the magnetic field lines are good analogues of relativistic strings. The Lorentz force per unit length of magnetic tube is interpretable as Magnus force acting on each individual magnetic tube. It is shown that the superconducting current in pulsar’s interior causes local rotation of magnetic flux tubes carrying quantized flux. Such local rotation remains operative as long as the induced magnetic field of normal electron fluid is above the lower critical field but below the upper. The conservation of magnetic flux leads to a geometrical condition in the form of the Weingarten identity which ensures the existence of family of “magnetic world sheetrdquo;. Each “magnetic world sheet” is a magnetic flux conserving surface. In the process of collapse, a compact spacelike cross-section of a magnetic tube terminates into a trapped surface if the magnetic energy grows faster along the fluid flow lines than that along the magnetic field lines. 相似文献
56.
We have studied the properties of the relativistic helium fragments emitted from the projectile in the interactions of 24Mg ions accelerated at an energy of 3.7 A GeV with emulsion nuclei. The total, partial nuclear cross-sections and production rates of helium fragmentation channels in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions and their dependence on the mass and energy of the incident projectile nucleus are investigated. The yields of multiple helium projectile fragments disrupted from the interactions of 24Mg projectile nuclei with hydrogen H, light CNO and heavy AgBr groups of target emulsion nuclei are discussed and they indicate that the breakup mechanism of the projectile seems to be independent of the target mass. Limiting fragmentation behavior of fast-moving helium fragments is observed in both the projectile and target nuclei. The multiplicity distributions of helium projectile fragments emitted in the interactions of 24Mg projectile nuclei with the different target nuclei of the emulsion are well described by the KNO scaling presentation. The mean multiplicities of the different charged secondary particles, normally defined shower, grey and black ( ns, ng and nb) emitted in the interactions of 3.7 A GeV 24Mg with the different groups of emulsion nuclei at different ranges of projectile fragments are decreasing when the number of He fragments stripped from projectile increases. These values of ni ( i = s, g, b and h particles) in the events where the emission of fast helium fragments were accompanied by heavy fragments having Z 3 seem to be constant as the He multiplicity increases, and exhibit a behavior independent of the He multiplicity. 相似文献
57.
V.C. Selvaraju S. Asokan V. Srinivasan 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,77(1):149-153
The I–V characteristics of bulk As40Te60-xSex and As35Te65-xSex glasses have been studied with a current sweep of 0–18 mA-0, over a wide range of compositions (4≤x≤22). All the glasses
studied showed a threshold electrical switching behaviour. The number of switching cycles withstood by the samples has been
found to depend on the ON-state current. It is seen that the switching voltages increase with increase in selenium content.
Further, the switching voltages are found to be almost independent of the thickness of the sample (d), in the range 0.18–0.3 mm.
Also, the switching voltages and the number of switching cycles withstood by the samples are found to decrease with temperature.
Received: 6 November 2002 / Accepted: 8 November 2002 / Published online: 29 January 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +91-80/360-0135, E-mail: sasokan@isu.iisc.ernet.in 相似文献
58.
Metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) storage capacitors based on electron beam deposited Y2O3 extrinsic dielectric on Si show changes in capacitance density depending on the amorphous and crystalline phases. Bias stress
cycle-dependent changes in capacitance density occur due to the non-equilibrium nature of defect states at the Y2O3/Si interface after O2 annealing as a result of the emergence of a 4–8 nm thick SiO2 film at the interface. Leakage currents show instability under repeated dc bias stress, the nature and extent of which depend
upon the structure of the Y2O3 gate dielectric and the polarity of dc bias. With amorphous Y2O3, leakage currents drift to lower values under gate injection due to electron trapping, and to higher values under Si-injection
due to the generation of holes. Though leakage current drift is minimal for crystalline Y2O3, its magnitude increases as the energy of injected electrons from mid-gap states is low and the local field due to asperity
is high. The emergence of interfacial SiO2 reduces the magnitude of Si-injection leakage current substantially, but causes transient changes resulting in switching
to higher values at a threshold dc bias. Thermal detrapping of holes and reverse bias stress studies confirm that the instability
of current is caused by an increase in the cathodic field from hole trapping at interface states. Leakage current instability
limits the application of extrinsic high dielectric constant dielectrics in a high density DRAM storage capacitor, unless
a new interface layer scheme other than SiO2 and a method to form a defect-free dielectric layer can be implemented.
Received: 29 October 2001 / Accepted: 22 April 2002 / Published online: 4 December 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +1-413/545-4611, E-mail: rastogi@ecs.umass.edu 相似文献
59.
B. Saghai J. -C. David B. Juliá-Dıaz T. -S. H. Lee 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2007,31(4):512-514
Differential cross-section and single polarization observables in the process γp→K
+
Λ are investigated within a constituent-quark model and a dynamical coupled-channel formalism. The effects of two new nucleon
resonances and of the K
*(892)- and K1(1270)-exchanges are briefly presented. 相似文献
60.
V. K. Magas L. P. Csernai E. Molnár 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2007,31(4):854-857
The freeze-out (FO) of the expanding systems, created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, is discussed. We start with kinetic
FO model, which realizes complete physical FO in a layer of given thickness, and then combine our gradual FO equations with
Bjorken-type system expansion into a unified model. We shall see that the basic FO features, pointed out in the earlier works,
are not smeared out by the expansion. 相似文献