Profiling and comprehensive expression analysis of ABC transporter solute-binding proteins of Bacillus subtilis membrane based on a proteomic approach

We analyzed ABC transporter solute-binding proteins (SBPs) of the Bacillus subtilis membrane using a proteomic approach. We prepared a washed cell membrane fraction that was insoluble in 134 mM nondetergent sulfobetaine and then extracted proteins using mixtures of detergents in a stepwise manner. The membrane proteins were resolved by three two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE) or two one-dimensional (1-D) PAGE procedures, electroblotted, and digested in the presence of 5% or 80% acetonitrile. Thereafter, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) identified 637 proteins corresponding to 15.9% of the total cellular proteins. We predicted that among these, 256 were membrane proteins, 101 were lipoproteins or secretory proteins and 280 were soluble proteins containing peripheral proteins that function in both the cytoplasm and the cell membrane such as SecA and FtsY. Among the 637 proteins, we identified 30 SBPs among 38 importers predicted by a bioinformatic search of the genome. We confirmed expression of the genes for the 30 SBPs using DNA microarray analysis. We compared the 2-D gel separation profiles of submembrane fractions solubilized by 1% n-dodecyl-beta-D-maltoside from cells cultured on Luria Bertani (LB), S7, and S7 medium without glutamate as well as DNA microarray data on LB and S7. The results suggested that YcdH, YtmK and YurO are binding proteins for Mn(++), glutamate and glucose, respectively, and that YqiX and YxeM are binding proteins for amino acids (tryptophan in S7 medium).     

Investigation of hydroxyl-mediated spectral interference from easily ionized elements in laser-enhanced ionization spectrometry in the 281–285 nm range

The spectral background from 281 to 285 nm in the laser-enhanced ionization (LEI) spectrum of aqueous samples containing easily ionized elements (EIE) at concentrations similar to those found in blood was investigated. A complex, structured spectral background was observed, which appears in the presence of Na or K, but does not match the spectral signature of either element. The same behavior was also observed for Li. It was established that this background originates from an energy transfer between laser-excited hydroxyl (OH) molecules and ground-state EIEs. The intensity of this spectral feature was found to increase with EIE concentration and applied electrode voltage. This unexpected source of spectral interference may complicate the determination of trace metals by LEI in the presence of EIEs, since it can not be prevented by simply avoiding interference from atomic lines.     

Novel matrix invariants for characterization of changes of proteomics maps

Previous studies on mathematical characterization of proteomics maps by sets of map invariants were based on the construction of a set of distance-related matrices obtained by matrix multiplication of a single matrix by itself. Here we consider an alternative characterization of proteomics maps based on a set of matrices characterizing local features of an embedded zigzag curve over the map. It is shown that novel invariants can well characterize proteomics maps. Advantages of the novel approach are discussed.     

Bromsuperoxid: Bildung und Photoisomerisierung zu Bromdioxid

Bromine Superoxide: Generation and Photoisomerization into Bromine Dioxide Flash pyrolysis of a gas mixture containing bromine, oxygen and argon yields bromine superoxide, which can be identified IR- and UV-spectroscopically after trapping the pyrolysate at 12 K. Matrix irradiation transfers bromine superoxide into bromine dioxide. The backreaction can be induced by changing the wavelength. Even at room temperature a detectable amount of bromine superoxide is formed upon preparing a mixture of gaseous bromine, oxygen and argon.     

钯作基体改进剂FIA－HG－GFAAS法测定锗及其机理研究

采用钯，钯－镁作基体改进剂，ＦＩＡ－ＨＧ－ＧＦＡＡＳ法成功地测定了锗。灵敏度、精密度和分析速度都得到很大的提高。峰值吸收的特征质量８．０ｐｇ，检出限１０．９ｐｇ，相对标准偏差０．３４％，同时探讨了基体改进剂钯的稳定作用机理及锗在石墨管中的原子化机理。     

Gold nanoparticle-enhanced surface plasmon resonance measurement with a highly sensitive quantification for human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2

Two different methods for the quantification of human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) were developed using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and gold nanoparticles for signal enhancement. The first method, a competitive assay, used TIMP-2 immobilized to the sensor surface and the inactive form of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (proMMP-2) (EC 3.4.24.24) adsorbed to gold nanoparticles. The sensor signals resulting from the interaction of MMP-2-gold nanoparticles with immobilized TIMP-2 were inversely proportional to the amounts of TIMP-2 of the sample. The measuring range for TIMP-2 was about 15–180 pM. The second method, a one-step sandwich assay, used proMMP-2 immobilized to the sensor surface and an anti-TIMP-2 monoclonal antibody coupled to gold nanoparticles. The lower detection limit of this assay format was 0.5 pM of TIMP-2. The binding signals were highly reproducible up to 100 pM of the inhibitor. The improvements obtained in TIMP-2 quantification over already existing tests could contribute to a better understanding and diagnosis of diseases like cancer.     

人参皂苷的基质辅助激光解吸质谱研究

利用MALDI-TOFMS测定了八种人参皂苷的分子量, 并分析了西洋参总皂苷的组成。同时, 进行了灵敏度实验, 并探讨了基质及碱金属离子的影响, 证明该方法灵敏度高, 重复性好, 结果准确。是测定极性小分子分子量的有效方法。     

聚(对苯二甲酸-1,3-丙二酯)环状低聚物的合成、表征和开环聚合反应

探索了由对苯二甲酰氯和1,3-丙二醇在“假高稀”条件下合成聚(对苯二甲酸-1,3-丙二酯)(PTT)环状低聚物的可行性.通过柱色谱分离了环状低聚物和线形低聚物;用核磁共振、质谱和元素分析表征了产物的化学结构;用GPC和HPLC研究了不同大小环的分布,发现在本文实验条件下合成的PTT环状低聚物主要由二、三、四、五和七聚体构成,其中环状三聚体含量最多,没有发现环状六聚体的存在.PTT环状低聚物的熔程为92.3～222.6℃,熔融后是无色、透明的低粘度液体.于250℃将PTT环状低聚物分别在辛酸亚锡、1-乙基-3-氯四丁基锡氧烷、钛酸四丁酯和三氧化二锑催化下进行开环聚合反应,制备了特性粘数为0.18～0.49dL/g的聚合物.     

Performance of quantitative analyses by liquid chromatography–electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry: from external calibration to isotopomer-based exact matching

Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is a versatile coupling system which combines both selectivity and sensitivity and certainty. Hence, it is generally considered as the most reliable technique to quantify chemical compounds in complex matrices. In the present paper, we evaluate the performance of LC-MS/MS methods for the quantification of 3-nitrotyrosine in human urine in order to point out its dependence on the design of the quantification method, and emphasize the role of matrix effects in the performance. We compare external and internal calibrations, isotope dilution and isotopomer-based exact matching. The role of both sample preparation and multiple transitions monitoring is particularly addressed.     

液体顶空-气相色谱法测定食品接触苯乙烯聚合物中单体及溶剂残留

提出了液体顶空-气相色谱法测定食品接触苯乙烯聚合物中残留单体及溶剂的方法。采用N,N-二甲基乙酰胺溶解聚合物,使其中残留单体及溶剂完全释放,并在优化的工作条件下,以基体匹配校正法绘制工作曲线,有效消除基质效应。7种分析物检出限(3S/N)在0.2～4.1mg.kg-1之间。测得方法的回收率在93.2%～103.2%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.1%～5.6%之间。