Optical and dielectric properties of fluorinated ethylene propylene and tetrafluoroethylene–perfluoro(alkoxy vinyl ether) copolymer films modified by low energy N and C ion beams

Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) and tetrafluoroethylene–perfluoro(alkoxy vinyl ether) (PFA) copolymer films were irradiated in vacuum with 60 keV C⁴⁺ and N⁴⁺ ions to fluences ranging from 1.0×10¹² to 5.0×10¹⁵ cm⁻². Changes in optical and dielectric properties were analyzed by spectroscopic ellipsometry and ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis), Raman and dielectric relaxation spectroscopies. Direct and indirect energy band gap values were determined from the absorption edge in the 200–800 nm region using Tauc's relation. The values of the direct energy gap have been found to be greater than the corresponding values of the indirect energy gap. Significant changes in the index of refraction, and β and γ dielectric relaxations were observed in the case of N⁴⁺ irradiated FEP and PFA samples.     

Ageing of AgCl/Cd nuclear track detectors monitored by luminescence spectroscopy

Abstract

Solid-state nuclear track detectors, made of Cd doped AgCl crystals, are commonly prepared by rolling into the form of thin foils. Subsequent long-term relaxation is however needed to obtain good quality tracks. The present communication shows for the first time that this detector “ageing” is reflected in lowtemperature (77 K) luminescence spectra. Maximum of the emission band shows a slow (lasting for ～ 100 hours) blue shift, the magnitude of which (as much as 25 nm) depends on the compression ratio caused by the rolling. The shift is believed to be due to the rearrangement of Cd⁺⁺ ions around freshly introduced dislocations. This finding opens the possibility of monitoring non-destructively the process of detector ageing and to determine the minimum time required for saturation.     

Resistivity control of sputtered amorphous-silicon by ion-implantation

The resistivity of a hydrogenated sputtered amorphous-silicon is controlled by using room temperature implantation of P⁺. It is found that the defects produced by implantation can be minimized by annealing at 300°C in an H₂ atmosphere, and also found that there is a threshold implanted dose, beyond which the resistivity begins to be controlled by changing the dose.     

Studies on the Voltammetric Behavior of Nicardipine Hydrochloride and its Voltammetric Determination at the Co/GC Modified Electrode

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Syntheses,crystal structures and characterizations of tetraazamacrocyclic complexes meso -[Ni(1,7-CT)]I2 and dl -[Ni(1,7-CT)][Fe(CN)5NO] · H2O

A centrosymmetric meso tetraazamacrocyclic nickel(II) complex meso-[Ni(1,7-CT)]I₂ (1) and a novel racemic ion-pair double complex dl-[Ni(1,7-CT)][Fe(CN)₅NO]?·?H₂O (2) (1,7-CT?=?5,5,7,12,12,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-1,7-diene) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, single crystal X-ray diffraction, ¹H NMR, IR, UV-vis spectra and TG-DTA analyses. Results reveal that the structure of 1 consists of the overlapping meso-[Ni(1,7-CT)]²⁺ cation with the perfect square-planar NiN₄ chromophore and outer iodides. Compound 2 contains four kinds of structurally distinct ion-pairs a, a′, b and b′ that are made up of distorted square dl-[Ni(1,7-CT)]²⁺ cations and distorted octahedral [Fe(CN)₅NO]^2? anions, which are divided into two groups with an enantiotropic relationship between them in each group. They are linked by van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds involving H₂O and arranged alternatively in adjacent layers, forming an orderly three-dimensional network structure.     

A Convenient Synthesis of N-Methoxy-N-Methylamides from Carboxylic Acids

Carboxylic acids can be converted to their corresponding N-methoxy-N-methylamides in high yields using 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide as the coupling agent. The reaction proceeds without racemization when chiral carboxylic acids are used as the starting material.     

Retention of β blockers on native titania stationary phase

In recent years, metal oxides such as titania have been commercially available as chromatographic beds that can potentially be used to achieve novel separations of polar compounds. For example β blockers, which are more often encountered in environmental sciences, have a wide range of polarity, and their basic character leads to difficult sample treatment and separation on conventional silica‐based sorbents. The contribution of titania to the selective analysis of nine β blockers was evaluated in terms of retention mechanisms observed in hydrophilic interaction LC using acetonitrile/water mobile phases with various additives. The mobile phase additives enabled to control the β blocker charge as well as the titania surface charge. Depending on their respective ionic state, various retention mechanisms were identified at low water contents (<40%), including mainly adsorption mixed with hydrophilic interaction LC partition, ion exchange and ion exclusion. An unexpected retention was also observed for high water content and high pH, changing the selectivity of the support.     

离子色谱法测定混凝土外加剂中硫酸钠含量

建立了一种离子色谱法测定混凝土外加剂中硫酸钠含量的方法,外加剂试样溶于水中,采用反相柱去除溶液中有机物,进样量25μL。经Dionex IonPac AS18色谱柱分离,用30 mmol·L~(-1)氢氧化钾溶液作流动相,以1.0 mL·min~(-1)流量进行洗脱,按峰面积定量。方法的检出限(3S/N)为3μg·L~(-1)。该方法可实现硫酸钠与氯离子同时测定的优点。在3个浓度水平上对方法的精密度作了考核,测得其相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于1%。用标准加入法,以实样为基体作回收试验,测得回收率在98.7%～100.5%之间。