热对流作用下筒壁涂层的边裂行为

边裂(边缘开裂)是涂层热致损伤的主要模式之一. 边缘裂纹穿透涂层后,常导致界面脱粘从而驱使涂层与基体剥离,最终丧失对基体的保护作用. 本文以热应力强度因子表征边缘裂纹的扩展驱动力,研究筒壁涂层在热对流作用下的边裂行为. 首先,利用拉普拉斯变换法,得到了瞬态温度场及热应力场的封闭解. 其次,运用Fett等的三参数法确定了筒壁涂层边缘裂纹的权函数. 最后,基于叠加原理和权函数方法计算了边缘裂纹的热应力强度因子. 探讨了无量纲时间、边缘裂纹深度、基体/涂层厚度比、热对流强度等参数对热应力强度因子的影响规律. 结果表明:热应力强度因子的峰值既非发生在热载荷初始时刻,也非发生在热稳态时刻,而出现在时间历程的中间时刻;增大热对流强度不仅可提高热应力强度因子的峰值,而且使峰值提前出现;其他条件相同时,热应力强度因子随着边缘裂纹长度的增大而降低;增大涂层厚度或减小基体厚度可增强涂层抵抗瞬态热载荷的能力.      

红外波段下湿度对偏振光传输特性的影响

针对红外波段下湿度对偏振光传输特性的影响问题,以自然界中较常见的烟煤粒子作为研究对象,采用蒙特卡洛法仿真研究,不同红外波段下湿度对线偏光和圆偏光传输特性的影响情况及其之间差异特性.结果表明:在短波波段,线偏光与圆偏光的偏振度随湿度的增加都呈现逐渐上升的趋势;在中波波段,随湿度的增加两种偏振光都呈现下降趋势;而在长波波段,湿度对偏振状态几乎没有影响.进一步比较可知,在短波波段,圆偏光具有更好的偏振特性,而在中长波情况下,线偏光的偏振特性更加显著.因此,在应用红外偏振进行探测时,本研究对波段的选取、湿度的控制及偏振态的应用具有重要的指导意义.     

Development and integration of near atmospheric N2 ambient sputtered Au thin film for enhanced infrared absorption

The exceedingly fragile nature of thermally grown Au-black coating makes handling and patterning a critical issue. Infrared absorption characteristics of near atmospheric, N₂ ambient DC sputtered Au thin films are studied for this purpose. The thin Au films are sputtered at different chamber pressures in Ar and N₂/Ar gas ambient from 4.5 to 8.0 mbar and optimized for enhanced infrared absorption. The absorber film sputtered in N₂/Ar ambient at 8.0 mbar chamber pressure offers significant absorption of medium to long wave infrared radiations. The micro-patterning of sputtered Au thin film is carried out by using conventional photolithography and metal lift off methods on a prefabricated µ-infrared detector array on Si (1 0 0) substrate. The steady state temperature response of sputtered film has been examined using nondestructive thermal imaging method under external heating of the detector array.     

Local delamination of InSb IRFPAs in liquid nitrogen shock tests

Both the local delamination and the local fracture, appearing in the InSb infrared focal plane arrays (IRFPAs) detectors in liquid nitrogen shock tests, restrict the final yield of the InSb IRFPAs detectors. To explore the mechanism of the local delamination appearing in the region of the negative electrode of the InSb IRFPAs detectors, basing on the created structural modeling of the InSb IRFPAs detectors, we obtain the distributions of the interfacial stresses in the different interfaces of the InSb IRFPAs detectors. After comparing the distributions of the simulated interfacial stresses with the measured local delamination region in the InSb IRFPAs detectors, we think that the local delamination originates from the interfacial shear stresses, and the crack extension is the typical sliding mode. Besides, the weakened gluing strength between the InSb chip and the underfill in the negative electrode region also causes this region to be prone to the local delamination. All these findings provide the theoretical references for both the structure design and the structure optimization of the InSb IRFPAs detectors assembly in the future.     

石墨烯环氧涂层的耐磨耐蚀性能研究

将石墨烯水分散液添加到双组份水性环氧树脂中制备石墨烯固体润滑涂层,采用交流阻抗谱和动电位极化曲线研究了涂层在模拟海水(3.5%Na Cl溶液)中的电化学腐蚀行为和失效过程;采用UMT-3摩擦磨损试验机评价了三种石墨烯基环氧涂层在干摩擦和海水环境条件下的滑动摩擦磨损行为,并分析了其磨痕形貌和磨损机理.结果表明:石墨烯可以明显提高水性环氧的涂层电阻和电荷转移电阻,并降低环氧涂层在干燥条件与海水环境的摩擦系数和磨损率;石墨烯环氧涂层的摩擦系数和磨损率在海水环境中均比干摩擦低.     

HL-2A 装置超声分子束注入缓解偏滤器靶板上边缘局域模热通量研究

在HL-2A 装置上优化和发展了偏滤器靶板上的红外测温系统,并利用该系统分析了高约束模放电期间边缘局域模的热沉积分布特性。在高约束模式放电期间,超声分子束注入使边缘局域模所引起的偏滤器靶板上瞬间热通量峰值下降了~60%,并伴随着边缘局域模爆发频率增加了2~3 倍,而等离子体储能仅下降了~8%。分析结果表明,大幅度的丝状结构在超声分子束注入之后得到了有效抑制,沉积到偏滤器靶板上的瞬间热通量峰值也随之下降。此外,在超声分子束注入之后偏滤器室内的热辐射损失大幅度增加,从而耗散了热输运所携带的部分能量,进一步分散了沉积到偏滤器靶板上的能量,有效地保护了偏滤器靶板。