Raman Imaging: An Impending Approach Towards Cancer Diagnosis

In accordance with the recent studies, Raman spectroscopy is well experimented as a highly sensitive analytical and imaging technique in biomedical research, mainly for various disease diagnosis including cancer. In comparison with other imaging modalities, Raman spectroscopy facilitate numerous assistances owing to its low background signal, immense spatial resolution, high chemical specificity, multiplexing capability, excellent photo stability and non-invasive detection capability. In cancer diagnosis Raman imaging intervened as a promising investigative tool to provide molecular level information to differentiate the cancerous vs non-cancerous cells, tissues and even in body fluids. Anciently, spontaneous Raman scattering is very feeble due to its low signal intensity and long acquisition time but new advanced techniques like coherent Raman scattering (CRS) and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) gradually superseded these issues. So, the present review focuses on the recent developments and applications of Raman spectroscopy-based imaging techniques for cancer diagnosis.     

Negative refraction and imaging of acoustic waves in a two-dimensional square chiral lattice structure

The negative refraction behavior and imaging effect for acoustic waves in a kind of two-dimensional square chiral lattice structure are studied in this paper. The unit cell of the proposed structure consists of four zigzag arms connected through a thin circular ring at the central part. The relation of the symmetry of the unit cell and the negative refraction phenomenon is investigated. Using the finite element method, we calculate the band structures and the equi-frequency surfaces of the system, and confirm the frequency range where the negative refraction is present. Due to the rotational symmetry of the unit cell, a phase difference is induced to the waves propagating from a point source through the structure to the other side. The phase difference is related to the width of the structure and the frequency of the source, so we can get a tunable deviated imaging. This kind of phenomenon is also demonstrated by the numerical simulation of two Gaussian beams that are symmetrical about the interface normal with the same incident angle, and the different negative refractive indexes are presented. Based on this special performance, a double-functional mirror-symmetrical slab is proposed for realizing acoustic focusing and beam separation.     

Dispersion measurements using time-of-flight remote detection MRI

Remote detection nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance imaging can be used to study fluid flow and dispersion in a porous medium from a purely Eulerian point of view (i.e., in a laboratory frame of reference). Information about fluid displacement is obtained on a macroscopic scale in a long-time regime, while local velocity distributions are averaged out. It is shown how these experiments can be described using the common flow propagator formalism and how experimental data can be analyzed to obtain effective porosity, flow velocity inside the porous medium, fluid dispersion and flow tracing of fluid.     

相控阵雷达导引头便携测试方法及误差角波动机理分析

相控阵雷达导引头组成复杂、测试指标多、数据量大,通常需要在符合远场条件的微波暗室内测试。本文介绍了一种相控阵雷达导引头便携测试方法及测试系统的组成,分析了便携测试机理、便携屏蔽装置设计原理,解释了该便携测试系统中相控阵雷达导引头角跟踪参数测试时偶尔引起的误差角波动现象。该测试方法简便、快捷、实用、成本低,较好的解决了外场或环境试验中产品测试的需求。本文所述相控阵雷达导引头便携测试方法和相关分析结论有较高的实用价值。     

主被动光学图像融合技术研究

本文应用扫描式激光成像雷达获取试验数据并实现对激光数据的三维成像处理,给出了基于目标特征的激光雷达图像与被动光学图像的数据融合方法,实现了激光图像和光学图像间的三维融合。试验结果表明,本文所提出的基于目标特征的两种不同质图像间的融合方法是可行的,融合后的图像具有丰富的光谱信息和三维立体信息。     

Optimized Fluorescent Probe for Specific Imaging of Glutathione S‐Transferases in Living Cells and Mice

GSTP1 has been considered to be a marker for malignancy in many tissues. However, the existing GST fluorescent probes are unfavorable for in vivo imaging because of the limited emission wavelength or insufficient fluorescence enhancement (six‐fold). The limited fluorescence enhancement of GST fluorescent probes is mainly ascribed to the high background signals resulting from the spontaneous reaction between GSH and the probes. In this work, a highly specific GST probe with NIR emission has been successfully developed through optimization of the essential unit of the probe to repress the spontaneous reaction. The novel GST probe exhibits over 100‐fold fluorescence enhancement upon incubation with GSTP1/GSH and high selectivity over other potential interference. In addition, the probe has been proved to be capable of tracking endogenous GST in A549 cells. Finally, the in vivo imaging results demonstrate that the probe can be used for effective imaging of endogenous GST activity in subcutaneous tumor mouse with high contrast.     

激光雷达干扰效果评估方法研究

研究了光电干扰对测距和跟踪测量激光雷达干扰效果的评估方法.在深入分析激光雷达光电干扰机理的基础上,提出了相应的干扰效果评估准则.对激光测距机的距离欺骗干扰效果采用测距误差-干扰成功率准则或准测率准则定量评估,对测距机的激光盲干扰效果依据盲激光对测距准确度、测距功能的影响程度进行评估.对于跟踪测量激光雷达,根据实施干扰后其跟踪误差是否超出正常跟踪准确度的三倍判定一次干扰是否有效,再依据多次试验的干扰成功率的大小评估干扰效果.     

Recent Development of DNA-modified AIEgen Probes for Biomedical Application

A variety of DNA-based probes are utilized for the detections of multiple analytes and DNA nanotechnology has been thriving for recent decades and achieving numerous nanostructures,mainly focusing on DNA morphology modulation and multifunctional systems engineered into to the complicated works.Among the numerous detections,fluorescence method is a non-invasive,highly selective and sensitive means for varieties of applications,but their emissions are often compromised by the aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ)effect,which weakens their applications.The aggregation induced emission luminogens(AIEgens)are created with non emissive or weakly emissive in a low concentration but emit strong fluorescence in a high concentration with aggregated states.Herein,numerous functionalized AIEgens have been emerged and used for detection and imaging and DNA-modified AIEgen probes are introduced.In this vein,here we report the progress on DNA-modified AIEgen probes in recent years and highlight their conjugation strategies including covalent bonding,electrostatic interaction and their applications of biosensing.Moreover,multiple DNA strands are needed to introduce into the DNA-modified AIEgen probes for more purposes.At the end,some challenges are mentioned to discuss the new trend of DNA-modified AIEgen probes.     

Sagnac棱镜角公差与干涉光谱仪光谱分辨率的关系分析

根据干涉成像光谱仪光谱分辨率对角向差的要求,通过对实体Sagnac干涉仪结构和光路进行分析,从三个相互垂直的方向出发,研究了光谱分辨率和棱镜角公差之间存在的关系;并推导了满足光谱仪光谱分辨率要求的实体Sagnac干涉棱镜的角公差公式;用实例说明了关系式的应用方法,如果不考虑棱镜变形引起的色散及棱镜的面型误差和付氏镜的残余像差的影响,而只考虑棱镜的角误差对光谱分辨率的影响,则通常情况下干涉棱镜的角公差要求较严,约20″以内.     

适用于雷达系统的高温超导窄带滤波器

对雷达系统,通过在接收前端安置高Q、窄带、高带外抑制的滤波器,可以有效减少信号间的干扰,由此可见高性能的滤波器对于雷达系统来说,具有重要作用.与常规滤波器相比,高温超导滤波器具有带边陡峭、插入损耗小、带外抑制高、可以设计极窄带等特点.在本文中,我们设计加工了一种高性能的12阶切比雪夫(Chebyshev)高温超导带通滤波器,其中心频率为1341兆赫兹、带宽为5.035兆赫兹,可用于雷达系统.在滤波器设计中,我们用Sonnet软件对滤波器进行了仿真计算.最后滤波器在以氧化镁为衬底的双面超导薄膜上制作,衬底直径为2英寸、厚度为0.5毫米.测试结果表明,该滤波器符合设计要求,具有很好的选择性和带外抑制.