等离子体全息干涉条纹的数据处理

本文介绍了用全息干涉法诊断爆炸丝等离子体的数据处理方法。在考虑等离子体区域为轴对称的情况下,给出了由折射率计算等离子体电子密度的计算公式。在爆炸丝能量为9.6J的情况下,拍摄到了延时3μs的爆炸丝等离子体干涉图。运用计算机图象处理技术对反拍后的干涉图进行了处理,获得了较为理想的干涉图。用微机控制的线阵CCD摄像机判读了干涉条纹漂移。给出了等离子体密度随径向分布的曲线,并得到相应的等离子体密度在中心处约为10¹⁶个/cm³。     

基于多尺度区域粒度分析的遥感图像分割

针对高分辨率遥感图像中不同地物具有粒度差异的特点,提出了一种多尺度区域粒度分析的图像分割方法。该方法首先使用均值漂移得到图像各尺度上的初始过分割区域,然后通过考虑区域大小和区域间上下文关系进行粒度分析,最后利用马尔科夫随机场模型对图像的粒度信息和光谱信息进行建模,得到分割结果。用平朔地区SPOT5和泰州航拍等遥感图像进行了实验,并与若干考虑光谱特征的分割方法进行了对比,结果表明提出的方法能有效地提高分割精度。     

基于数字粒子图像测速的水雾粒径测量算法及实验

针对利用传统数字粒子图像测速（DPIV）法测量水雾粒径时粒子影像拉长对测试结果的影响,提出了基于DPIV建立的改进图像法（IIM）。设计了水雾粒径测量试验系统,对细水雾进行实时测试,并对比了采用本文算法与直接等效法测试水雾粒径子半径的差异。结果表明：采用本文的IIM得到的测试结果更为准确。通过最小二乘法对粒径分布进行拟合,发现对数正态分布函数和威布尔函数都可以较好地描述粒径分布。     

多孔材料强化管内对流换热的数值研究

对多孔材料强化管内换热进行了数值研究,详细讨论了多孔材料厚度(0≤e≤1)和渗透率(10-5≤Da≤10)等参数对管内换热特性和压力损失的影响.结果表明:利用多孔材料调整流场分布,剪薄边界层厚度,能够有效地增强管内换热.当Da=10-4时,管内充分发展Nu数最大能够增至空管时5.5倍左右.但管内压力损失随着多孔材料厚度e的增加或Da数的减小而急剧增大.因此在实际应用中,应采用部分填充多孔材料,文中建议最佳的多孔材料厚度e取O.6左右,此时换热可以得到相当程度的强化,而且压力损失控制在可接受的范围内.     

全内反射式衍射光栅近场光学特性

 利用傅里叶模式理论分析了具有高衍射效率的全内反射式衍射光栅在TE 和TM偏振态下的近场光分布特点,讨论了光栅结构参数以及入射角度对光栅内电场增强的影响。结果表明：全内反射光栅内部电场分布对偏振态较敏感,光栅槽深和占宽比对电场增强影响较小,光栅内的峰值电场随光栅周期增大而增大,并且峰值电场随着入射角度的增大而减小。在应用于高功率激光时,降低光栅内部的电场增强可以有效降低损伤风险。     

一种基于强边缘块的时域多分辨率图像分割算法

针对序列图像的变化检测,提出了一种基于强边缘块的时域多分辨率图像分割算法.首先在具有明显边缘特征的图像序列中,提取图像强边缘块的直方图,然后,利用时域多分辨算法,比较不同帧之间的图像差异.这种方法不但能够检测出图像的变化,而且能够确定图像变化的类型.在阈值的选取过程中,采用了自适应阈值方法,实验证明这种方法取得了较好的效果.     

Efficient Excitation of a Symmetric Collective Atomic State with a Single-Photon Through Dipole Blockade

In the famous quantum communication scheme developed by Duan et al.[L.M.Duan,M.D.Lukin,J.I.Cirac,and P.Zoller,Nature(London) 414(2001) 413],the probability of successful generating a symmetric collective atomic state with a single-photon emitted have to be far smaller than 1 to obtain an acceptable entangled state.Based on strong dipole-dipole interaction between two Rydberg atoms,two simultaneous excitations in an atomic ensemble are greatly suppressed,which makes it possible to excite a mesoscopic cold atomic ensemble into a near-ideal singly-excited symmetric collective state accompanied by a signal-photon with near unity success probability.     

Edge linking and image segmentation by combining optical and digital methods

We present a hybrid method for segmentation of intensity images, which combines an optical contouring technique and digital algorithms for linking edge points or image segmentation. In a first stage, the digital image to be processed is displayed in a twisted-nematic liquid-crystal display (LCD), which is placed between a polarizer–analyzer pair at 45 deg (instead of 90 deg as occurs in standard LCDs). It is not difficult to demonstrate that the proposed setup produces a resultant image with very pronounced dark contours at middle intensity. After the optical preprocessing, two different digital algorithms are applied: an edge linking algorithm (modified chain code) and a simple thresholding technique for image segmentation. The proposed procedure works well with monochromatic and color images. The method could be useful as a robust technique for segmentation of large images in real-time, which presents potential applications in medical and biological imaging.     

A novel image fusion encryption algorithm based on DNA sequence operation and hyper-chaotic system

A new image fusion encryption algorithm based on image fusion and DNA sequence operation and hyper-chaotic system is presented. Firstly, two DNA sequences matrices are obtained by encoding the original image and the key image. Secondly, using the chaotic sequences generated by Chen's hyper-chaotic maps to scramble the locations of elements from the DNA sequence matrix which generated form original image. Thirdly, XOR the scrambled DNA matrix and the random DNA matrix by using DNA sequence addition operation. At last, decoding the DNA sequence matrix, we will get the encrypted image. The simulation experimental results and security analysis show that our algorithm not only has good encryption effect, but also has the ability of resisting exhaustive attack and statistical attack.     

一种改进的图像快速去雾新方法

为提高雾霭天降质图像的清晰度和色彩保真度,基于暗原色先验提出了一种改进的图像快速去雾方法.针对原方法运算时间过长的问题,在保证去雾效果的前提下,利用快速双边滤波方法代替软件抠图修复透过率图,大幅度地降低了计算量和复杂度,处理时间仅为原方法的5％,满足了一般工程上的实时性要求.针对去雾处理后的图像亮度降低、颜色较实际场景偏暗的问题,提出了一种简单有效的图像对比度和亮度增强的方法,自适应地增强了图像的亮度,并对局部由于雾浓度过高而造成不清晰的区域,进行了对比度修正.结果表明,该方法能够快速有效地复原出雾天场景的对比度和真实色彩,在一定程度上保证了户外成像系统在恶劣天气下工作的稳定性和可靠性.