肺癌荧光图象的伪彩色增强处理

近年来,作者开发了肿瘤荧光成象法用于诊断和定位早期支气管癌.由于所获得的荧光图象使用了象增强器进行增益放大,因此还消除了肺癌荧光图象的彩色信息.本文给出了一种荧光图象伪彩色增强处理的方法,并证实了伪彩色增强技术用于早期肺癌荧光诊断的可行性.经增强处理后,内镜医生只要根据彩色视频图象中与黑白荧光图象强度相对应的颜色就可以鉴别肺癌存在与否.同增强处理前的黑白图象相比,医生从伪彩色图象中获得了病灶内部结构、边缘效果和立体感方面的更多信息.临床结果表明可疑组织与正常组织之间获得了足够高的颜色衬比,有助于诊断早期肺癌病灶.     

有机/聚合物光导机理与图像传感器件

回顾了有机/聚合物图像传感器件的发展历程,从光导理论的高度评述了近20年来在有机/聚合物领域进行的科学探索和取得的重大进展,总结了改善光导性能、提高器件效率的主要手段,提出高性能光导材料的分子设计与原型光导传感器的若干原则,并对有机/聚合物图像传感器件的发展前景进行了综合分析.     

单圈绝对式光电轴角编码器的研究

在对传统绝对式光电轴角编码器编码方法原理研究的基础上,设计了一种单圈绝对式光电轴角编码器.详细地介绍了该编码器的位置定位算法,具体给出了信号拾取装置和信号采集系统的硬件设计方法,并分析了影响编码器准确度的主要因素.检测结果表明该编码器的原理和设计是正确的,为实现光电轴角编码器的小型化、智能化提供了理论依据和试验基础.     

KT5C 托卡马克分布式高速数据采集系统

介绍了小型磁约束环装置KT5C 上利用校园高速局域网络, 低成本实现的分布式高速数据采集系统。当在不同位置的三个用户同时发送采集请求时, 该系统能在10 秒左右完成每个用户5 个通道的采样频率为5MHz采样长度为512kB 的数据采集。实现了远程多用户同时操作, 提高了大量实验数据的采集效率。     

高分辨阿达玛变换显微荧光图像分析(Ⅲ)——系统分辨率和图像恢复过程对单细胞分析结果的影响

提出了一种改进的阿达玛变换(HT)显微荧光图像分析系统,以单细胞试样分析为基础,分别对系统的分辨率和解码后的图像恢复过程进行了讨论.结果表明,该系统可应用于单细胞形态分析和定量分析.图像在x和y方向的像素分辨率相同,并达到了同一成像物镜下的空间分辨率水平,因此在获取微米级单细胞试样的微弱荧光信号的二维图像时,系统的成像能力较好,可用于单细胞形态分析.对花粉细胞的荧光衰退过程的定量分析结果表明,对不同HT图像提供的同一系列试样的定量数据进行比较时,必须对所有该系列试样的图像恢复过程进行归一化处理.     

Order in amorphous polystyrenes as revealed by electron diffraction and diffraction microscopy

Ordered regions ranging in size between 15 and 45 Å have been established in several atactic polystyrenes of various molecular weights (4800; 51,000; and 1,800,000) as well as in an amorphous isotactic polystyrene by means of electron diffraction and high-resolution diffraction microscopy. The order is due to long-chain polymer molecules which tend to align more-or-less parallel to one another with a constant average spacing. The orderly chain packing can be disturbed upon cross-linking by electron irradiation, the disturbance being manifested in the irreversible changes in the d spacing and broadening of one of the diffuse rings which is inter-molecular in origin. From the results obtained, the high-resolution diffraction microscopy technique appears to have the potential for resolving the question regarding the presence of order in unoriented amorphous polymers. The technique can also differentiate between a broadened diffuse ring due to small crystallites and another due to paracrystals containing numerous defects.     

Hardware acceleration of image recognition through a visual cortex model

Recent findings in neuroscience have led to the development of several new models describing the processes in the neocortex. These models excel at cognitive applications such as image analysis and movement control. This paper presents a hardware architecture to speed up image content recognition through a recently proposed model of the visual cortex. The system is based on a set of parallel computation nodes implemented in an FPGA. The design was optimized for hardware by reducing the data storage requirements, and removing the need for multiplies and divides. The reconfigurable logic hardware implementation running at 121 MHz provided a speedup of 148 times over a 2 GHz AMD Opteron processor. The results indicate the feasibility of specialized hardware to accelerate larger biological scale implementations of the model.     

Rapid prediction of moisture content of dehydrated prawns using online hyperspectral imaging system

Because the shape of prawn is not round, spectroscopy instruments cannot measure the spectra of the whole prawn without containing background information. In this study, an online hyperspectral imaging system in the spectral region of 380–1100 nm was developed to determine the moisture content of prawns at different dehydrated levels. Hyperspectral images of prawns were acquired at different dehydration periods. The spectra of prawns then were extracted from hyperspectral images based on ‘Manual Prawn Mask’ and ‘Automatic Prawn Mask’, respectively. Spectral data were analyzed using partial least squares regression (PLSR) and least-squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) to establish the calibration models, respectively. Successive projections algorithm (SPA) was first applied for the optimal wavelength selection in the hyperspectral image analysis. Out of 482 wavelengths, only twelve wavelengths (428, 445, 544, 569, 629, 672, 697, 760, 827, 917, 958, and 999 nm) were selected by SPA as the optimum wavelengths for moisture prediction. Based on these optimum wavelengths, a multiple linear regression (MLR) calibration model was established and used to obtain the moisture distribution of each prawn. The overall results of this study revealed the potentiality of hyperspectral imaging as an objective and non-destructive method to obtain the content and distribution of moisture of prawns whose shapes are not round.     

Design of data acquisition system and algorithm research for omnidirectional gamma-ray positioning equipment

This article introduces the design and performance of the data acquisition system used in an omnidi- rectional gamma-ray positioning system, along with a new method used in this system to obtain the position of radiation sources in a large field. This data acquisition system has various built-in interfaces collecting, in real time, information from the radiation detector, the video camera and the GPS positioning module. Experiments show that the data acquisition system is capable of carrying out the proposed quantitative analysis to derive the position of radioactive sources, which also satisfies the requirements of high stability and reliability.     

基于似然函数最速下降的红外与可见光图像配准

为了实现红外与可见光图像的自动配准,提出了基于似然函数最速下降迭代的图像配准算法.该算法以图像边缘作为配准点特征,将异源图像配准转化为边缘点集配准.基于点集的高斯混合模型建立了边缘点集配准似然函数,以该函数作为目标函数,仿射变换参量作为优化变量,利用最速下降方法进行最优变换参量求解,从而实现边缘点集配准.同时,将多分辨率金字塔引入迭代配准框架下,实现了高分辨率图像配准的加速.实验结果表明:该算法精度高,运算速度快,可以很好地完成可见光与红外图像的自动配准.