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131.
The dialysis potentials of different collodion membranes with graded pore sizes and electrochemical activities have been measured in dilute aqueous KCl solutions as functions of concentration. It is possible to predict the value of the diffusion potential within a few millivolts on the basis of electrical conductivity data obtained with the same membranes. In general, the measured values are lower than those calculated. It is assumed that this difference is caused by the membranes having a distribution of pore sizes. 相似文献
132.
Two New C—21 Steroidal Glycosides from Cynanchum aurichulatum 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Two new C-21 steroidal glycosides, cynanauriculoside I and cynanauriculoside Ⅱ, were isolated from the roots of Cynanchum aurichulatum. Their structures were established using spectroscopic methods including one and two-dimensional NMR. 相似文献
133.
Paavo?Mansikkam?ki Manu?Lahtinen Kari?RissanenEmail author 《Cellulose (London, England)》2005,12(3):233-242
The completeness of mercerisation can be evaluated by investigating the changes in the crystalline regions of cellulose from
cellulose I (C-I) to cellulose II (C-II) by the X-ray powder diffraction method. Mercerisation experiments in four different
solution systems: ethanol/water, acetone, DMSO and xylene, are reported. Also the effect of some additives, external pressure,
treatment time and alkalisation temperature were studied. In two-phase solvent systems, structural changes of cellulose crystallites
depended primarily on the distribution and solubility of sodium hydroxide in the solvent phases. The sodium hydroxide concentration
in the hydrophilic phase must exceed 7–8 w/w-% before complete crystal change from C-I to C-II can occur. The precipitation
of sodium hydroxide due to high concentration prevents the successful use of one-phase ethanol/water system in slurry process.
On the contrary, the 2-propanol/water/sodium hydroxide system separates into two layers; to the water-rich lower layer and
the 2-propanol-rich upper layer, where the sodium hydroxide remains mainly in the water-rich lower layer. This prevents the
precipitation of sodium hydroxide and promotes the alkalisation of cellulose. Ammonium chloride and ammonium hydroxide clearly
had a positive effect by promoting the crystal changes, however, the urea concentration used in this study was obviously too
small. In the advantageous two-phase 2-propanol/water systems, the alkalisation time was only 15 min when the treatment temperature
was kept between 0 and 10 °C. Reduced external pressure was found to have a small but still detectable positive effect on
cellulose alkalisation while over-pressure prevented crystal changes. 相似文献
134.
J. U. Keller 《Adsorption》1995,1(4):283-290
The gas adsorbed on the inner surface of a highly porous material like activated carbon or zeolite can be measured by slow damped oscillations of a torsional pendulum. The physical principles and the theory of this method are outlined. Formulas are given relating the increase in mass due to adsorption to changes of the frequency and the logarithmic decrement of slow, damped rotational oscillations of the pendulum. Preliminary measurements of gas adsorption equilibria of nitrogen on activated carbon show that the ratio of the mass adsorbedm, to the mass of the adsorbentm
s
, can be determined by this method with mean absolute error |m/m
s
|0.04%.Dedicated to the memory of Joseph Kestin (1913–1993). 相似文献
135.
Alternative Ligands. XXII. Rhodium(I) complexes with Donor/Acceptor Ligands of the Typs Me2PCH2CH2SiXnMe3?n(X = F, Cl, OMe) Donor/acceptor ligand of the type Me2PCH2SiXnMe3?n react with [Rh(CO)2Cl]2 ( 1 ) to give the mononuclear complexes RhCl(CO)(PMe2CH2CH2SiXnMe3?n)2 ( 2-6 , Table 1) with planar geometry of the donor atoms, one exception being Me2PCH2CH2CH2SiCl3, yielding the crystalline RhIII-complex RhCl2(CO)(PMe2CH2CH2SiCl2)(PMe2CH2CH2SiCl3) ( 7 ) by oxidative addition of one of the SiCl bonds to the Rh1 precursor. Structures with Rh → Si interaction between the basic central atoms and the acceptor group SiXnMe3?n could be detected in the isolated products neither spectroscopically nor by X-ray diffraction of the two representatives RhCl(CO)(PMe2CH2CH2SiF3)2 ( 2 ) and RhCl(CO)[PMe2CH2CH2siF3]2 ( 2 ) and RhCl(CO) [PMe2CH2CH2Si(OMe3]2 ( 6 ). The presence of such acid/base adducts in the reaction mixture is indicated for the more acidic acceptor groups SiXnMe3?n byvco values near 1990cm?1, (see Table 3). The complex RhCl(CO)PMe3)(PMe2CH2CH2SiF3 ( 8 ) is obtained by the reaction of RhCl(CO)(PMe3)2 ( 9 ) with Me2PCH2SiF3 and has been identified spectroscopically in a mixture with 2 and 9 . 相似文献
136.
137.
From phasebarograms it is possible to construct phase diagrams. We show on example of the system Bi/Se/O how follow ternary sections from the total pressure measurements in equilibrium and how we can attribute the barogram of the ternary region Bi2Se3/Bi2O2Se/Se to the binary system Bi2Se3/Se. The knowledge of the ternary system Bi/Se/I and its coexistent pressure courses allow to followT-p-x conditions for the chemical transport of phases from this system. 相似文献
138.
The viscosity of PEG-modified urethane acrylate (PMUA) showed peculiar behavior in the course of soap-free emulsification. Moreover, the viscosity change with added amounts of water was influenced by the reaction molar ratio of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The rate of increase in viscosity slowed and the ratio of increase in viscosity increased as the reaction molar ratio of PEG increased. This peculiar viscosity behavior was due to the microphase separation between hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments of PMUA, and the orientation of polyoxyethylene groups at O/W interface which influenced droplet size of the soap-free PMUA emulsion. The location of polyoxyethylene groups of this resin at O/W interface was confirmed using the adsorption isotherm measurement of PMUA molecules containing polyoxyethylene groups at water/benzene interface. The microphase separation behavior of PMUA between hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments could apply to the preparation of the PMUA gels containing peculiar structure. PMUA gels were prepared using dioxane (UAG) and the swelling behavior of these gels were compared to that of gels prepared using water (UAHG) in the same medium. In the same medium, the swelling behavior of UAHG gels differed from that of UAG gels because of the difference in the microstructure of gel due to the microphase separation between hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments. This phase separation in the course of gelation in water could be confirmed using contact angle measurement. 相似文献
139.
Mercury Compounds with Cyancarbanions. II Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Dimercury(I)-bis(1,1,3,3-tetracyanpropenide) The structure of dimercury(I)-bis(1,1,3,3-tetracyanpropenide), Hg2(tcp)2, has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The crystals are monoclinic, space group P 21/n. The unit cell dimensions are: a = 9.9193(3) Å, b = 5.6912(6) Å, c = 13.3806(4), β = 92.544(4)° and Z = 2. The mercury atoms in the centrosymmetric cation are three-coordinate with Hg? Hg 2.503, Hg? N 2.207, 2.207, 2.560 Å. tcp behaves as a bidentate ligand forming infinite chains running parallel to the a-axis. 相似文献
140.
火焰原子吸收光谱法测定天然水中微量铁的形态 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
研究了用抗坏血酸为还原剂,使二价铁离子与邻菲啰啉(phen)形成螯合物,用硝基苯萃取,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定有机相中的铁。方法检出限为1.7ng·ml~(-1),回收率为98.0%~109.6%,线性范围为0~10.0μg·ml~(-1)(原水相),线性相关系数为0.9994。测定结果与ICP-AES法结果对照相对误差小于9.46%。 相似文献