Precipitate synthesis of BaMoO4 and BaWO4 nanoparticles at room temperature and their photoluminescence properties

The uniform BaMoO₄ and BaWO₄ nanoparticles (NPs) have been successfully synthesized by solution route – the direct precipitation of Ba(NO₃)₂ and Na₂MO₄ (M = Mo and W) in ethylene glycol under 24 h stirring. The XRD patterns and SEM images proved that the products were tetragonal structured BaMoO₄ and BaWO₄ with uniform round nanoparticles. Shape, average particle size and particle-size distribution of products were analyzed by TEM – showing the round nanoparticles with the average size of 31.52 ± 4.65 nm for BaMoO₄, and 59.77 ± 9.61 nm for BaWO₄. The room temperature photoluminescence (PL) indicated that the products have strong blue emission centered at 441 nm – excited with 280 nm wavelength for BaMoO₄ NPs, and strong violet emission centered 378 nm – excited with 344 nm wavelength for BaWO₄ NPs. These PL behaviors attributed the existence of intrinsic transitions in the [MO₄]^2-$[{\text{MO}}_4{]}^{2-}$ (M = Mo and W) tetrahedrons of their crystal lattices.     

NiSb纳米颗粒的热液路线制备及电催化析氢性能研究

本文发展了一种简单经济的过渡金属锑化物热液合成路线,在160 oC的温和条件下,由商业易得的乙酰丙酮基镍和三苯基铋在油胺介质中还原制备出NiSb纳米颗粒. 反应中,还原剂甲硼烷-叔丁基胺络合物的使用能够有效促进金属源的快速还原,用以促进NiSb纳米颗粒的生成. 结构表征显示,所制备的NiSb产物为六方相(空间群P6₃/mmc)颗粒状纳米晶,其粒径约为10 nm. 该合成方法可拓展用于CoSb和Ag₃Sb等纳米颗粒的温和制备. 电催化析氢性能研究显示,NiSb纳米颗粒具有良好的电化学析氢反应性能. 结果显示,当阴极电流密度达到50 mA/cm²和10 mA/cm²时所需要的过电位分别为531和437 mV. 同时,NiSb纳米颗粒还具有较小的电荷转移阻抗和优良的循环稳定性能.     

Nanocoral architecture of TiO2 by hydrothermal process: Synthesis and characterization

TiO₂ thin films with novel nanocoral-like morphology were successfully grown directly onto the glass and conducting fluorine doped tin oxide coated glass substrates via multi-step hydrothermal (MSH) process. Titanium chloroalkoxide [TiCl₂ (OEt)₂ (HOEt)₂)] precursor was used in an aqueous saturated NaCl in presence of 1 mM HCl catalyst and HNO₃ peptizer at 120 °C. Reaction time varied from 3 to 12 h. The morphological features and physical properties of TiO₂ films were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy, room temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The surface morphology revealed the formation of TiO₂ corals having nanosized (30-40 nm) polyps. The photoelectrochemical properties of the TiO₂ nanocoral electrodes were investigated in 0.1 M NaOH electrolyte under UV illumination. The results presented in this study highlight two major findings: (i) ability to tune the photoelectrochemical response and photoconversion efficiency via controlled thickness of TiO₂ nanocorals and (ii) the substantial increase in short circuit photocurrent (J_sc) due to the improved charge transport through TiO₂ nanocorals prepared via MSH process. This approach would be quite useful for the fabrication of nanocoral architecture that finds key applications in photocatalysis, dye-sensitized solar cells and hybrid solar cells.     

最优路径搜索压缩感知水声通信信道估计

将信号恢复中最优路径搜索的A*正交匹配追踪(A*Orthogonal Matching Pursuit,A*OMP)伪贪婪算法引入到水声通信信道估计中,可以有效改善正交匹配追踪(OMP)算法容易陷入局部最优的问题,并提出了一种改进型的A*OMP水声信道估计算法。改进了路径初始化方式,同时为了避免过多迭代引起的未知误差,将前后两次迭代残差之差作为停止准则。在正交频分复用(OFDM)通信体制下,对OMP、A*OMP和本文改进方法的估计误差和误比特率进行了仿真对比,随着信噪比的增加,改进方法未出现误差平台,且受导频间隔影响较小。仿真结果表明相对于OMP算法和传统A*OMP算法,在高信噪比下改进方法的估计误差分别降低约2和1个数量级,海试数据结果验证了改进方法的可行性,其误比特率分别平均降低42.0%和4.7%。     

B2C电子商务仓库拣货路径优化策略应用研究

当前国内B2C电子商务仓库多为人至物的拣货模式,拣货作业成为其核心作业之一,占据仓库大量时间成本和资金成本,拣货路径优化成为企业亟需解决的问题。本文基于TSP对拣货路径进行建模,利用蚁群算法、模拟退火算法和禁忌搜索对该NP-hard问题进行求解,并同当前企业普遍采用的S型启发式策略进行对比,拣货时间节约13.35%。进一步得出当拣货品数量较少时应采用模拟退火算法求解,而当拣货品数量较大时采用蚁群算法仅进行一次迭代,则可以实现短时间得到相对较优的解。所得结果已应用于某大型电子商务企业,效果明显。     

Exploring trust region method for the solution of logit-based stochastic user equilibrium problem

In this research paper, we explored using the trust region method to solve the logit-based SUE problem. We proposed a modified trust region Newton (MTRN) algorithm for this problem. When solving the trust region SUE subproblem, we showed that applying the well-known Steihaug-Toint method is inappropriate, since it may make the convergence rate of the major iteration very slow in the early stage of the computation. To overcome this drawback, a modified Steihaug-Toint method was proposed. We proved the convergence of our MTRN algorithm and showed its convergence rate is superlinear.     

T路计数问题的推广

本文将二维直交空间中的 T路计数问题推广到 n维直 (斜 )交空间中 k( n)向 T路计数问题 ,并给出 n=3,k=2 ,3时的一些具体计数公式 ,同时给出了 Catalan数的几个新的几何 (组合 )解释     

A Stochastic Model for Combined Activity/Destination/Route Choice Problems

In travel behavior modeling, an important topic is to investigate what drives people to travel. A systematic analysis should examine why, where and when various activities are engaged in, and how activity engagement is related to the spatial and institutional organization of an urban area. In view of this, this paper presents a stochastic model for solving the combined activity/destination/route choice problem. It is a time-dependent model for long-term transport planning such as travel demand forecasting. The activity/destination choices are based on multinomial logit formulae and, the route choice is governed by stochastic user equilibrium principle. The solution algorithm is proposed together with a numerical example for demonstration. It is shown that the proposed modeling approach provides a powerful tool for fully understanding and predicting the complex travel behavior at strategic level. The work described in this paper was substantially supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 79825101), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (MADIS Research Project) and the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Project No. PolyU5077/97E).     

Preparation of Single Crystalline V6O13 Nanobelts

Ultralong beltlike nanostructures was successfully synthesized for V6O13 crystal by a hydrothermal route. The products are characterized by means of X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The experimental results give the evidence that the V6O13 nanobelts are pure, structurally uniform and single crystalline, with typical widths of 50 to 300 nm and lengths of up to a few millimeters.