Studies on Stress Transference Mechanism of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＨｏｗｔｈｅｉｎｔｅｎｓｉｏｎａｎｄｍｏｄｕｌｅｏｆｓｔｅｅｌｆｉｂｒｅｒｅｉｎｆｏｒｃｅｄｃｏｎｃｒｅｔｅ (ＳＦＲＣ)ｄｅｐｅｎｄｓｏｎｉｔｓｃｏｎｓｔｉｔｕｅｎｔｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓａｎｄｃｏｎｔｅｎｔｉｓａｐｒｉｎｃｉｐａｌｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｔｏｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｍａｃｒｏ＿ｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆＳＦＲＣ,ｔｈｅｋｅｙｃｏｎｓｉｓｔｓｉｎｔｈｅｃｏｎｆｉｒｍａｔｉｏｎｏｆｓｔｒｅｓｓｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎ .Ｉｎｔｅｒｆａｃｉａｌｓｔｒｅｓｓｔｒａｎｓｆｅ…     

钨合金柱形弹超高速撞击水泥砂浆靶的侵彻深度研究

为探索钨合金柱形弹超高速撞击水泥砂浆靶的侵彻深度随撞击速度变化规律,利用二级轻气炮开展了?3.45 mm×10.5 mm的克级93 W钨合金柱形弹以1.82~3.66 km/s的速度撞击水泥砂浆靶的实验,利用CT图像诊断技术获得了侵彻深度和残余弹长随撞击速度的变化规律,对超高速撞击过程进行了数值模拟,结合数值模拟结果进一步分析了超高速撞击物理过程。结果表明:(1)超高速撞击条件下成坑是弹坑+弹洞型;(2)侵深-速度曲线呈现先增大后减小的现象,在弹速2.6 km/s附近存在侵彻深度极大值,约为8.5倍弹长,相对于中低速侵彻的深度并没有显著优势。(3)通过基于数值模拟得到的弹靶界面压力时程曲线将侵彻过程分为4个阶段,其中准定常侵彻阶段和第三侵彻阶段是决定总侵深的主要阶段。(4)随撞击速度增加,弹体侵蚀逐渐剧烈,此时准定常侵彻阶段的侵深变化不大,而第三侵彻阶段中的刚体侵彻部分大幅降低,导致总侵深大幅降低,使总侵深曲线呈现先增大后减小的现象。     

THE USE OF VISCO-ELASTOPLASTIC DAMAGE CONSTITUTIVE MODEL TO SIMULATE NONLINEAR BEHAVIOR OF CONCRETE

A visco-elastoplastic damage constitutive model is proposed for simulating nonlinear behavior of concrete. Based on traditional plastic theory, the irreversible deformation is simulated in effective stress space. In order to reflect different stiffness degradation mechanism of concrete under tensile and compressive loading conditions, both tensile and compressive damage variables are introduced, and then on the basis of energy release rate, the model is firmly derived within the concept of irreversible thermodynamics. The rate-dependent model is considered by introducing viscous regularization into the inelastic strain and damage variable, and combined with an additional elastic condition. Fully implicit backward-Euler algorithm is used to perform constitutive integration. Results of numerical examples using the proposed model agree well with test results for specimens under uniaxial tension and compression, biaxial loading and triaxial loading. Failure processes of single-edge-notched (SEN) beam and double-edge-notched (DEN) specimen are also simulated to further validate the proposed model.     

有效预应力对大跨P.C.桥梁极限承载力的影响研究

采用三维实体退化虚拟层合单元理论探讨了有效预应力对大跨P.C.桥梁极限承载力的影响.针对不同的有效预应力水平,以一座典型的预应力混凝土连续刚构桥为例,采用三维精细化有限元模型,对其极限承载力进行了空间分析计算和讨论.分析表明,有效预应力对大跨P.C.桥梁极限承载力有较大影响,其中,纵向预应力筋有效预应力与竖向预应力筋有效预应力的比例是影响桥梁极限承载力的重要参数.大跨P.C.桥梁结构设计时应充分重视这一问题.     

基于分形理论的高强混凝土动态损伤本构关系

基于高强混凝土（HSC）试块在SHPB冲击实验中的分形损伤演化规律,推导了HSC的分形损伤变量表达式,标定了HSC裂纹的分形维数范围。然后参考ZWT模型,并结合HSC实验过程中的应变率相关性、动态损伤特性及近似恒应变率,推导了分形损伤演化的HSC动态损伤本构方程。采用4组应变率工况下的C60、C80混凝土应力-应变曲线对本构方程进行验证,理论曲线和实验曲线吻合较好。

     

基于多孔介质理论的混凝土徐变力学行为的有限元分析

水分是影响混凝土徐变的最重要因素之一,但通常为了计算的简便往往忽略了水分的影响,造成计算结果有很大的误差.文章根据混合物理论结合罚参数法、Galerkin加权残值法以及徐变应力分析的隐式解法,推导得到了混凝土徐变两相多孔介质模型.建立了有限元计算模型,给出了求解算法并编制了有限元程序.计算和试验比较分析表明,该理论和计算方法得到的结果遵循徐变相关性质,说明了该理论和计算模型的合理性.最后,指出了模型中存在的不足以及进一步的研究方向.     

Radiation attenuation and nuclear properties of high density concrete made with steel aggregates

Abstract

The fast neutron and gamma ray spectra measured behind different thickness of steel scrap concrete with density of 4 g/cm³ have been studied. The mix proportions by weight of this type of concrete were 1 cement: 6.89 steel scrap: 2.9 sand and 0.5 Water. Comparison with a standard ordinary concrete of density 2.3 g/cm³ have been carried out. The measurements were made using a collimated beam of both gamma rays and neutrons emitted from one of the horizontal channel of the Egyptian Research Reactor-1. A fast neutron and gamma ray spectrometer with a stilbene crystal was used to measure the spectra of fast neutrons and gamma rays. Pulse shape discrimination using the zero cross over technique was used to separate the photon pulses from the electron pulses. The equation due to Schmidt has been modified and applied for determining the neutron effective removal cross sections (～_R) for steel scrap, ordinary, hematite–serpentine, ilmenite–limonite and ilmenite concretes. This equation gives results which are in good agreement with the measured values. The derived empirical equation in a previous work to calculate the neutron integral flux behind different thicknesses of different types of concretes, gives good results for steel scrap concrete under investigation comparing with the corresponding experimental data. Total neutron macroscopic cross sections, linear attenuation coefficients for gamma rays and the half-value layers for both radiations at different energies have been obtained for steel scrap concrete and comparing with the corresponding values of ordinary concrete. The results show that steel scrap concrete is better than ordinary, hematite–serpentine, ilmenite–limonite and ilmenite concretes from the radiation shielding point of view.     

On hydraulic permeability of random packs of monodisperse spheres: Direct flow simulations versus correlations

Hydraulic permeability is studied in porous media consisting of randomly distributed monodisperse spheres by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The packing of spheres is generated by inserting a certain number of nonoverlapping spherical particles inside a cubic box at both low and high packing fractions using proper algorithms. Fluid flow simulations are performed within the interparticulate porous space by solving Navier-Stokes equations in a low-Reynolds laminar flow regime. The hydraulic permeability is calculated from the Darcy equation once the mean values of velocity and pressure gradient are calculated across the particle packing. The simulation results for the pressure drop across the packing are verified by the Ergun equation for the lower range of porosities (<0.75), and the Stokes equation for higher porosities (∼1). Using the results of simulations, the effects of porosity and particle diameters on the hydraulic permeability are investigated. Simulations precisely specified the range of applicability of empirical or semi-empirical correlations for hydraulic permeability, namely the Carman-Kozeny, Rumpf-Gupte, and Howells-Hinch formulas. The number of spheres in the model is gradually decreased from 2000 to 20 to discover the finite-size effect of pores on the hydraulic permeability of spherical packing, which has not been clearly addressed in the literature. In addition, the scale dependence of hydraulic permeability is studied via simulations of the packing of spheres shrunk to lower scales. The results of this work not only reveal the validity range of the aforementioned correlations, but also show the finite-size effect of pores and the scale-independence of direct CFD simulations for hydraulic permeability.     

气相色谱-质谱法分析橡苔浸膏中的挥发性化学成分

用挥发油提取器提取橡苔浸膏中的挥发油 ,利用气相色谱 -质谱法 ( GC- MS)分析了其中的化学成分 ,采用GC峰面积归一化法定量 ,鉴定出 2 4种化合物 ,共占挥发油总量的 83%以上     

Flexural reinforcement of concrete floor slabs by carbon fiber textiles

The effect of carbon fiber textile for flexural reinforcement to deteriorated reinforced concrete floor slab is tested in laboratory by cutting out six specimens from existing structure aged more than 70 years. The repair method between concrete and carbon fiber textile is used as experimental parameter. From the test results, deformation, bond characteristic of carbon fiber textile and the applicability of carbon fiber textiles to flexural reinforcement of floor slabs are discussed.