混凝土靶板冲击响应的经验公式

对预测混凝土靶板在弹丸撞击下的响应和破坏的经验公式进行了综述,包括预测侵彻深度、痂斑破坏和穿透的经验方程,并对国外现有的有关钢筋混凝土靶板抗弹设计和评估的规范进行了评论。结果表明,现有经验模型的不完备性和现有设计和评估准则的自身缺陷,清楚地说明有必要在混凝土撞击、侵彻和穿透这一活跃研究领域,做进一步的实验、理论和数值模拟工作,以便对余留问题找到令人满意的答案。     

钢纤维高强混凝土冲击压缩的试验研究

介绍了利用100 mm SHPB装置获得钢纤维高强混凝土冲击压缩应力-应变曲线的试验研究。同一类试样在静态和动态共4个不同应变率下的试验结果揭示混凝土是应变率敏感材料，其破坏应变、峰值应变和弹性模量表现出显著的应变率强化效应。从静态和动态压缩下混凝土损伤演化的不同形式对这种应变率强化效应进行了详细讨论。从相近应变率下不同钢纤维含量试样的试验结果中，发现冲击压缩下钢纤维对混凝土的增强效应随应变率的增大而减弱。从钢纤维对混凝土静态和动态压缩下损伤演化形式的影响，讨论了钢纤维对混凝土的这种增强效应。     

基于能量守恒理论的带肋钢筋-混凝土粘结滑移本构关系研究

针对钢筋-混凝土粘结滑移的劈裂破坏模式,将整个破坏过程分为未开裂的弹性阶段和带裂缝阶段。弹性阶段采用弹性厚壁圆筒模型,带裂缝阶段采用考虑混凝土软化特性的厚壁圆筒模型。基于这两种模型,研究了粘结滑移劈裂破坏过程的能量变化规律,推导出了两种模型的能量计算公式。利用能量守恒定律建立了钢筋-混凝土粘结滑移本构关系的微分方程,并通过数值积分方法得到了粘结滑移本构模型。该本构模型能够体现混凝土与钢筋材料参数和几何参数的影响,对不同形状的粘结滑移关系曲线具有较好的适应性。最后,将得到的本构关系与文献的试验结果进行对比,并分析了各参数的变化规律。     

Dynamic assessment of reinforced concrete beams repaired with externally bonded FRP sheets

This research deals with RC beams strengthened with FRP. An experimental research is presented which is aimed at evaluating the capability of an experimental modal analysis to assess the stiffness decrease due to damage, as well as the stiffness recovery due to strengthening. Ten beams were tested. All of them were subjected to loading cycles with increasing load levels in order to induce cracking of different severity in them. The beams were then retrofitted by externally bonded FRP sheets. Three types of composites were used. The number of layers was varied, too. Modal tests were carried out after each loading-unloading cycle. The modal frequencies and damping ratios were determined for the first four vibration modes. The results obtained indicate that an experimental modal analysis can give useful information on the severity of damage and the effectiveness of strengthening. Russian translation published in Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp. 3–20, January–February, 2006.     

Constructions of Solid Hulls

For each concrete category (K,U) an extension LIM(K,U) is constructed and under certain 'smallness conditions' it is proved that LIM(K,U) is a solid hull of (K,U), i.e., the least finally dense solid extension of (K,U). A full subcategory of Top ₂ is presented which does not have a solid hull.     

Describing the soil physical characteristics of soil samples with cubical splines

The Mualem-Van Genuchten equations have become very popular in recent decades. Problems were encountered fitting the equations’ parameters through sets of data measured in the laboratory: parameters were found which yielded results that were not monotonic increasing or decreasing. Due to the interaction between the soil moisture retention and the hydraulic conductivity relationship, some data sets yield a fit that seems not to be optimal. So the search for alternatives started. We ended with the cubical spline approximation of the soil physical characteristics. Software was developed to fit the spline-based curves to sets of measured data. Five different objective functions are tested and their results are compared for four different data sets. It is shown that the well-known least-square approximation does not always perform best. The distance between the measured points and the fitted curve, as can be evaluated numerically in a simple way, appears to yield good fits when applied as a criterion in the optimization procedure. Despite an increase in computational effort, this method is recommended over the least square method.     

An analysis of the joint operation of a CFRP concrete in flexural elements

The strength and fracture mechanism of the contact zone between a carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) and concrete in flexural structural elements is investigated. Two methods for calculating the shear force in the contact zone are considered, one of which takes into account the compliance of the zone and gives results agreeing rather well with experimental data for beams, regardless of the way the CFRP is fastened to concrete. The method of shear stresses is good for beams with in significant shear strains between CFRP and concrete. A method allowing for hardening of the contact zone is suggested. It is shown that the fracture mechanism of the zone depends on the way of fastening the CFRP and the depth the adhesive penetrates into concrete. __________ Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 43, No. 5, pp. 687–700, September–October, 2007.     

矿物材料在电磁屏蔽中的应用研究

为解决电磁辐射污染问题,介绍了国内外矿物材料应用在电磁屏蔽方面的研究及最新进展,尤其是在建筑混凝土、涂料以及纳米矿物材料中的应用,归纳总结了其屏蔽特点和屏蔽效果,并对发展前景作出了展望.     

建筑墙体对电磁脉冲响应的FDTD分析

 采用时域有限差分法和傅里叶变换对电磁脉冲作用于建筑墙体后发生的反射和透射进行了比较全面的研究分析。采用周期边界实现了不同建筑墙体对电磁脉冲响应的数值计算，对计算的结果进行了讨论分析，研究结果表明：钢筋阵对低频段的屏蔽效果很好，当频率增加时，屏蔽效果变差。混凝土墙的频域波形具有明显的周期性，存在许多谐振频率，谐振时透过很大，谐振频率由墙的厚度、磁导率和介电常数决定，要提高墙的屏蔽效果必须增加墙的电导率，以达到一个比较好的屏蔽效果。钢筋混凝土墙的屏蔽效果和反射特性由钢筋和混凝土墙共同调制决定。     

Hydraulic and Thermal Calculation and Analysis of ITER Shield Block Module

ITER blanket design has progressed significantly since 2001, which resulted in a reduction in cost and an increase in performance with respect to FDR 2001. One of the most important improvements is the new coolant flow configuration in the shield block （ SB ） . In the current design TM, the cooling circuit in the SB is a matrix of radial holes which are arranged in eight poloidal rows. The rows are fed in parallel by front headers and back drilled collectors, and merge in four couples through the front header. These four couples of rows are linked in series by transverse holes. In the current design, a special shape of flow driver is mounted inside the radial hole, and coolant flows through clearance between the driver and drilled radial hole, which allows achieving a high coolant velocity,